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ANEXO 8 US2436432 A Método para La Fabricación de Ácido Clorhídrico (18 de Mayo 1937)
ANEXO 8 US2436432 A Método para La Fabricación de Ácido Clorhídrico (18 de Mayo 1937)
2,436,432
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INVENTOR
BY
ATTORNEY
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This invention relates toea fmethod Afor treat
ing gases with liquids or for treating liquids-'with
gases and ,to apparatus Vfor .practising `theirneth
'
2,436,432
sorbing liquid;
satisfactory cooling and surface exposure of the 20 7n solution in the make water greatly facili
it
'
_'
produced.
automatic regulation.
_ It is the more -commonly accepted practice in-the art to operate absorbers on the countercur
rent now principle, supplying the water or weak
acid to the upper part of the apparatus and the
gasto the -lower part of the apparatus, withdraw
ing the finished acid at the base of the apparatus.
When a high gas velocity is encountered, there isA
considerable disturbance of the liquid flow be
cause of the tendency of the gas to blow the liquid `
olf the cooling surface. When the weak acid and
raw gas are flowed concurrently, it has been
found that there is much less tendency for the
down to a point where high strength acid is pro 60 liquid downwardly on a thermally Vconductive wall
duced. i So far as is known, all'tower plants op-`
concurfre'rit` with the hydrogen chloride containing
eraterin a _countercurrent manner, that is, the
gas. The heat of reaction-is removed by passing
'
'
65
follows;
'
plicablefwherethehydrogenchloridegascontains
mertrsconstituents, after- removal ofthe gas. from
vAccording Ato aurther modification, the . raw 10 useat 48; It has :been found desirable where there
Furthermore, in
suitably low temperature. In general .it has. been 70 falling :film of liquid on the inner surface of the.
absorption tube ill. By modi-.tying the size and
found that it is desirable to introduce most ot
area of vthe holes
it is possible to seiectively.
the .water through the-lowestofithese valves.
control the ratel of bsorption n1ong the wall of
The lower'part ofthe column is providedfWi-th
the tubedilt, .as
1 red. It
preferred to con-`
an" independent :cooling jacket -4'51 to reduce the
struct the distributor .tubein two or more sec-1
temperaturenf 'etheziinished acidv 'from the final
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with other metals, tantalum, besides being'prac'
tically non-corrodible, is one of the stronger
puremetals, having approximately the same me
chanical properties as mild steel. Columbium
tively.
acidgas.
'
A further advantage is the freedom from oper-ating shutdowns, which results from the use of
peratures is so great that it may be said to have 65 a lighter and lessfragile material of construction.
substantially infinite life. Contrasted with ce
Even if the saving in the cost of replacing ceramic
ramic materials, such as glass or fused silica,.it
material were wholly neglected, the use of the
has- the high heat transfer qualities character
new absorber would still be justied for the rea
istic of the metals. Heat transfer rates involv
sonthat costly and annoying shut-downs, due
ing liquid hydrochloric acid on one side of the 70 to breakage of ceramic equipment, are done away
with.
'andenes
ity thatv it may bie: marketed without kfurther
treatment;
>
tive wall concurrent with a gas containing a re :35 similairfmanner >ketones, forl example, di--methyl
ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, di-ethyl kenne,
actant, in the same manner as described in the
As analternative, an am
tion.
'2,436,432
11
12
FREDERICK L. HUNTER.
REFERENCES CITED
The following references are of record in the
le of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS
Number
Name
Date
2,221,787
1,969,381
1,563,732
1,141,266
1,654,181
1934
1925
1915
1927
1,398,224
Frederikson --.______ Nov. 29, 1921
the tube in intimate contact with said nlm, pass
OTHER REFERENCES
ing a stream of cooling water up and around
said tube to maintain thetemperature of said 50
Lunge, Sulphuric Acid and Alkali, vol. 2, part
film below 180 F. and above 140 F. at the top of
1,19page 37. Pub. by Sweeney & Jackson, London
said tube and below the decomposing point of the
( 09) .
concentration of hydrochloric acid prevailing at
Cumming, Hydrochloric Acid and Salt Cake,
each point on said tube, collecting and removing
.page 241. Published by D. Van Nostrand Co.,
NewYork (1923).
60