Professional Documents
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Chapter 2
Chapter 2
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
Related Literature
Local
Radio was first developed through two different inventions which are
the telegraph and telephone. These three technologies are closely related. It
was first known as wireless telegraphy. It can be a device that can be
either referred as an electronic appliance that we listen with or the content
listened to. It all started because of radio waves which are electromagnetic
waves that have the capacity to transmit music, speech, pictures and other
data invisibly through air. There are many things that can transmit these
things not only through these waves. Radio, microwaves, cordless phones,
remote controlled toys and television broadcasts are some of the devices
using electromagnetic waves.
There are different ways on how to generate electricity. One of those
ways is through using the suns energy or in other words, solar energy. Many
people use solar energy to generate power for their everyday lives. This
energy can be used for gadgets like cellphones, microwaves, household
materials and more. It can be used to store energy so that they can limit the
use of materials like batteries that are non-biodegradable and doesnt decay
fast.
A solar powered radio is a portable radio receiver which is powered
by photovoltaic panels. It is primarily used in remote areas where access to
power sources is limited. It was developed in the 1950s. It was capable of
working without any source of electricity. It is very helpful for people. They
can just store energy from the sun and dont buy batteries anymore. They
dont require any plugs because they can be used without electricity. These
can help people who are poor for they can listen to informative news without
thinking of buying a lot of batteries.
A solar
cell is
an
electrical
device
that
converts
the
energy
Foreign
Every hour the sun beams onto Earth more than enough energy to
satisfy global energy needs for an entire year. Solar energy is the technology
used to harness the sun's energy and make it useable. Today, the technology
produces less than one tenth of one percent of global energy demand. Many
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people are familiar with so-called photovoltaic cells, or solar panels, found on
things like spacecraft, rooftops, and handheld calculators. The cells are made
of semiconductor materials like those found in computer chips. When
sunlight hits the cells, it knocks electrons loose from their atoms. As the
electrons flow through the cell, they generate electricity. On a much larger
scale, solar thermal power plants employ various techniques to concentrate
the sun's energy as a heat source. The heat is then used to boil water to
drive a steam turbine that generates electricity in much the same fashion as
coal and nuclear power plants, supplying electricity for thousands of people.
In one technique, long troughs of U-shaped mirrors focus sunlight on a pipe
of oil that runs through the middle. The hot oil then boils water for electricity
generation. Another technique uses moveable mirrors to focus the sun's rays
on a collector tower, where a receiver sits. Molten salt flowing through the
receiver is heated to run a generator. Other solar technologies are passive.
For example, big windows placed on the sunny side of a building allow
sunlight to heat-absorbent materials on the floor and walls. These surfaces
then release the heat at night to keep the building warm. Similarly,
absorbent plates on a roof can heat liquid in tubes that supply a house with
hot water. Solar energy is lauded as an inexhaustible fuel source that is
pollution and often noise free. The technology is also versatile. For example,
solar cells generate energy for far-out places like satellites in Earth orbit and
cabins deep in the Rocky Mountains as easily as they can power downtown
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buildings and futuristic cars. But solar energy doesn't work at night without a
storage device such as a battery, and cloudy weather can make the
technology unreliable during the day. Solar technologies are also very
expensive and require a lot of land area to collect the sun's energy at rates
useful to lots of people. Despite the drawbacks, solar energy use has surged
at about 20 percent a year over the past 15 years, thanks to rapidly falling
prices and gains in efficiency. Japan, Germany, and the United States are
major markets for solar cells. With tax incentives, solar electricity can often
pay for itself in five to ten years.
Solar energy, radiant light and heat from the sun, is harnessed using a
range
of
ever-evolving
photovoltaic, solar
photosynthesis.
thermal
Solar
technologies
such
electricity, solar
technologies
are
as solar
heating, solar
broadly
characterized
as
either passive solar or active solar depending on the way they capture,
convert and distribute solar energy. Active solar techniques include the use
of photovoltaic panels and solar thermal collectors to harness the energy.
Passive solar techniques include orienting a building to the Sun, selecting
materials with favorable thermal mass or light dispersing properties, and
designing spaces that naturally circulate air. In 2011, the International
Energy Agency said that "the development of affordable, inexhaustible and
clean solar energy technologies will have huge longer-term benefits. It will
increase countries energy security through reliance on an indigenous,
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Related Studies
Local
Solar powered flashlights or can be also called as solar powered
torches
are
flashlights
rechargeable batteries.
diodes lamps since
they
that
Most
have
are
powered
of
these
lower
by solar
flashlights
energy
energy stored
in
use light-emitting
consumption
compared
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14
Foreign
Ginkgo Solar Tree is a solar powered phone and tablet charger that
uses the energy of the sun to charge any device connected to it. It is an
environmental friendly source of power that can charge an Android
smartphone or an iPhone in two hours. One of the main challenges in
designing a solar powered charger is that it takes hours for it to charge a
device. If a shorter time is needed then bigger solar panels are needed to
absorb the suns energy. This is however not feasible in a desktop
environment. The XD Design team has come up with a way to harness the
maximum amount of solar energy without resulting to a bulky product. They
did this by taking inspiration from the Gingko Leaf, which is where the name
of the project was taken from. The design based on the Gingko leaf is not
only visually friendly but it also very efficient in absorbing the suns power.
References:
http://inventors.about.com/od/rstartinventions/a/radio_2.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar-powered_radio
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http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/globalwarming/solar-power-profile/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_energy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar-powered_flashlight
http://thedroidguy.com/2013/09/ginkgo-solar-tree-solar-powered-mobiledevice-charger/