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8GGGGGGGGGGGGG[Birthday Party]
Conversation 1 GGU
OGGGUP

aG GGGGUGG
aGG,GUGGUG
G

GGGGG?G

aG ,GUGGGfG8.1G
aG GGGGGU
aG UGGGUG
aGG?G
aGGGGSGUG
G

GUG

aG GGGUG
aG GGG
G

GGG8.2GG

GG

G?

aGUGG
G

GUG

GGG?G

Lesson 8 Birthday Party

aGGGUG
G

,G,GGGGGG?G

aG,GUGGGGUG

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
1. GG?G
2. GGGG?G
3. GGGG?
[UGGGG?G
NEW WORDS
NOUN

VERB

kimbap

to end

nap

to gather

video, movie file

to post up, upload

spicy rice cake

to forget

text message

ADJECTIVE

anything

be urgent

ingredient, material

be mindless

candle

be close to someone

OP

invitation

ADVERB

invitation card

with a !ash

chocolate

still, so far yet

camera

COUNTER

cake

team

SUFFIX

meeting

OPG

as (I) intend . . .

though, in spite of

indirect question

POSTNOUN
OP

[person]s place

number, issue

_GGGGGGGG 7

NEW EXPRESSIONS
1. GG.
~ (from G+ ()) in the above sentence expresses some
background circumstance experienced earlier that contrasts with the
current situation.
2. : When the verb to throw away is used a"er V.S.
~V, it has an idiomatic usage expressing the #nality or completion of
an action.

to forget completely
to eat everything

3.G invitation, a (wri$en) invitation, to invite

GRAMMAR
G8.1

The indirect question: ~f

Examples
(1)

A:
B:
A:

GGGGG
?
GGGG. GG?
, . G.

(2)

A:
B:
A:
B:
A:

?
GG
G.
GGGGG?
, . GG
?
GGGGG.

(3)

A:
B:

GGG
?
GGGGGGUGG
GGGUG
SGUG

A:

Lesson 8 Birthday Party

Notes
1. ~() can be used in an information question with a question word
((), , , , or ). The information question with ~G
is not a question plainly seeking information, but it is as if the speaker
ought to know the answer but somehow the information is missing, and
thus wonders about the information asked.
2. The information question with ~Gsounds like the speaker is
consulting the listener in seeking information.
3. The question with ~() is less imposing on the listener, because the
speaker is not directly asking the listener to provide an answer, but
helping the speaker retrieve the missing information; that is, the listener
does not get to feel obliged to provide an answer. Therefore, the
information question with ~Gis more polite than a plain information
question.
Exercises
1. Based on the given answers, reconstruct information questions
indicating that the speaker is wondering about information that is sought
and asking the listener to help him/her retrieve the missing information.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

A:

____________________________________________

B:

GGG 301G.

A:

____________________________________________

B:

GGG.

A:

____________________________________________

B:

GGG.

A:

____________________________________________

B:

GG.

2. Reconstruct a dialogue that occurs in the given situations below.

Speaker A is seeking information that speaker B might have.

_GGGGGGGG 9

(1)

A mutual friend, Steves birthday is coming up, but

speaker A does not remember exactly when Steves
birthday is.

(2)

(3)

A:

____________________________________________?

B:

____________________________________________.

A is looking for a post o%ce in the area.

A:

____________________________________________?

B:

____________________________________________.

A met B some time ago and does not remember his/her

name.

(4)

A:

____________________________________________?

B:

____________________________________________.

A and B are expecting an important guest, and are not sure

what food and drink to serve.

(5)

A:

____________________________________________?

B:

____________________________________________.

A and B are asked to sing at a party, but A does not know

what to sing.

G8.2

A:

____________________________________________?

B:

____________________________________________.

~OPGGas (I) intend/expect

Examples
(1)

:
:

?
G GG
Because I will get the cake
G
and the candles, would you
G?
like to mail the invitation?

10

(2)

Lesson 8 Birthday Party

[ is notorious for being late.]

: G
?
: G GGG
.

Since will be late again,

lets go ahead.

(3)

[ calls while everybody else is waiting for dinner.]

: ?
: . G15G G .

(4)

[B has just come back from a conference abroad.]

A:
G GGG .
B:
UG G .
GGGUG

Notes
1. Recall that ~OP provides reasons or grounds to justify what
the speaker says subsequently. OPG provides the speakers
assumed reasons or intentions.
2. ~OPG is a contracted form of ~OPG, which literally
means Since the situation would be . . . Note that ~OP is a prospective
noun-modifying formU The original meaning of Gis a place or site, but
here it is used in a more abstract sense to refer to intention or assumption.
to be is a copula.
Exercise
Using ~OPG, make up an u$erance that is appropriate for the
given context.
(1)

[]
:

. $950.
________________________ .

_GGGGGGGG 11

(2)
G

(3)

121 ?

, $100 .

, . ?

SGGGGU

_________________________ .

5 30 ? .

GGG?

UGGGG________________________
GGGf

:
(4)

UGGGUGGUGG

aGG GGGGGGGG
GGGGU

GGG________________________ G

GGGGGfG

aGG SGUGG

12

Lesson 8 Birthday Party

Conversation 2

G,G!

( .)

aGG

aGG

,GGUG

aGGG

OGPG

GUGGGGGGG

UGGGGGfG

aG G

SGGGGG8.3GG

GUGGGGUGG

aG G

,GGGUGGGG

aGGG

,GGGGGGU

OGGGGGUP

aGG

,GGUG

aGG

G,G!GGG

aGG

UGGGGGUG

aGG

SGGGGGUG

aGG

GGG?GGU

aG G

UGGGGGG G

G
aG
G

GUG
UGGGGGGGG
UG8.4GGGG

_GGGGGGGG 13

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
1.GGGGGG?
2. GGGG?G
3.GGGGGG?GG
NEW WORDS
NOUN

VERB

hardship

to turn off

soup

GG

to boil

smell

GGGG

to smell

GG

joke

to press, push

dessert

GG

to turn in

discount stores

to finish

gathering

to beg; ask for

seaweed soup

ADVERB

champagne

surely, certainly

wish

some (time, amount)

skill, ability

GG

like this, this way

doorbell

not at all

candlelight

SUFFIX

OPG

phone call

because of ~ing

VOPGG

know/dont know

know/knew; don't
know/didn't know

ADJECTIVE
GG

be fortunate, relief

14

Lesson 8 Birthday Party

NEW EXPRESSIONS
1. WhenG quickly is used in the following expressions, it is not
pushy but instead has a sense of welcoming. G
G
G
GUG G
Come right in.
G
GUGGG
G
Come in (welcome).
2. Both of the termsGGand mean skill, but the first one is related
to skills that require ones use of hands at an amateur level. On the other
hand, the second is related to a trained, professional ability such as
technology and technique.
G cooking skill
G drawing skill

G
G

GGmedical technology
GGcommunication
technology

GRAMMAR
G8.3

~Gas a result of/while/because of ~ing

Examples
(1)

A:
B:

?
G .
G
G .

(2)

A:
B:

GGG?
. GG
GGG.

(3)

A:
B:

GGU
G
SGGGUG

(4)

A:
B:

GGGUG
SGG
.

_GGGGGGGG 15

Notes
1. ~ as a result of doing . . ., while doing . . ., because of ~ing
indicates that one is engaged in one action or event at the expense of
another.
2. Note that ~ is typically followed by an expression of negative
implication, to indicate that the person fails to carry out the action that is
called for, as in examples (1)(3). ~Gcannot occur with a main clause
in the form of request or command.
3. ~ is used only with verbs, and no tense marking su%x can be
added to ~U The main clause may be omi$ed in casual conversation
as in example (4).
Exercise
Using ~, answer the following questions.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)

. GG.

A:

B:

__________________________________________.

:GGGfG
:

__________________________________________.

A:

G ?

B:

__________________________________________.

A:

B:

__________________________________________.

A:

B:

__________________________________________.

16

G8.4

Lesson 8 Birthday Party

~OPVVOPGGVG
know/knew; dont know/didnt know

Examples
(1)

:
:

(2)

(3)

:
:

GUG
.
, ! G
G GG
GGG
GU
G

G, ?
, ?
.
GG
GGUG
2kgGGG
GGUG

Wow, its delicious!

I really didnt know
s cooking ability
was this good.

I didnt think we
would eat this much.
I thought two
kilograms would be
enough.

, G,
?
: ?
: , .
: G GGGG
GU
aG UGGGGG
GGU

Notes
1. ~VOPVOPGGV is used to express a presumed
thought. That is, ~VOPVOPGG refers to what the subject
thinks or thought would happen. ~VOPVOPGG refers to a
thought which the subject fails to come up with.
2. The presumed thought marked by ~VOPVOPGG may or
may not turn out to be true. If it does, ~VOPVOPGG can be
translated as . . . know/knew ~. If it does not, it can be translated as . . .
think/thought ~.

_GGGGGGGG 17

3. The variation among ~GG, ~OPGG, and ~(PGGG

has to do with the time of the situation described:
~GGaG

The time of the situation described is the same as

when the subject has the thought of it.

~OPGGa The time of the situation described is prior to the

time when the subject has the thought of it.
[Note that adjectives and the copula ~ take
~OPV~OPGGGregardless of the time of
thought.
~OPGG: The subjects thought is about what would
happen.
Exercise
Make up an u$erance that is appropriate for the given context.
(1)

A:

B:

, ?
GGGGGU

(2)

G:

, .

! .

G:

, .
______________________________.

(3)

A:

GGGGGfGG

B:

SGGGU

A:

UGGGGGUGG

B:

SG __________________________.

(4)

A:

B:

? ? _______________________.

G
G

18

Lesson 8 Birthday Party

Narration GG2

GGG6GUGGGG
GGGUGGGG
GGGGGUGGG
GGGUGGGGG
GUGGGGGG
UGGGGGGGG
GGUGGGGGGG
GGGGGUGGGG
GGGGGUGGGG
GGUG,GGGGGG
GGGGGUG

_GGGGGGGG 19

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
1. GGGGGG?
2.GGGG?
3.GGGG?
4.GGGG?GG

NEW EXPRESSIONS
1. aG means mind, mental state, and the commonly used
expressionGGmeans be mindless, to have no time even to think.
2. GGGGGGGUG
In this sentence, Gmeans senior or older, not brother.

CULTURE
G
GGGG100GGGGSGG
GGGUGGGGGSG100G
GGGGG100GGGGGUG
GGGGGGG
GGGGG
GGGGGU
GGGGGG
GGGGG60G
GGGUGGGG
GGGGG
GUGGGG

20

Lesson 8 Birthday Party

GGGG70GGGGG
GU
SGSGGGGGGGG
GGU

to wish

be called

to share

to symbolize

to put something

neighbor

into something

long life

be rare

plate

future wealth

to purchase, prepare

USAGE
1. Organizing a party
organizes a birthday party for . The following is s memo
for the party.

GG:

GG:

1 5 6

GG :

, , , ,

GG:

, , , ,
( )

GG :

GG:

GG:

[Exercise 1] Based on s memo, ask your partner the following questions:

_GGGGGGGG 21

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

[Exercise 2] You plan to host a party for your friend who is going to
graduate next Sunday. Make a list of things to do to organize the party,
and present your list to the class.
[Exercise 3] Converse with your partner on the following topics:
(1)

(2)

( memorable)

(3)

(4)

[Exercise 4] Role play

(1)

You are organizing a surprise party for your friends

birthday. There are many things to be done. Call and ask
each of your friends to do something for the party.

(2)

You talk with a Korean student about birthday customs in

Korea. Ask how Korean people celebrate birthdays, what
kinds of presents are usually given, and what kinds of
food are served on the birthday.

2. Writing invitations and thank-you notes

wrote invitations for s birthday party.

22

Lesson 8 Birthday Party

GGGG G .
GGGG .
: 1 5 6
:
3G607
: 780-6331

Writing thank-you notes

wrote a thank-you note to for hosting his birthday party.
G,
. G
. .
CD .
2015 2 18

[Exercise 1] Imagine that you are planning a party for your friends 20th
birthday next Saturday at your place. Write invitations for the party.
[Exercise 2] Write a thank-you note for the following situations.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

You received a nice watch from your Korean friend for

your birthday.
You came back from a dinner hosted by a Korean family.
The food was delicious.
Your Korean teacher wrote a letter of recommendation
() for your job application.
You are staying with a Korean family while studying in
Seoul for a year. Your host family threw a surprise
birthday party for you.

_GGGGGGGG 23

3. Expressing regrets
Practice the following dialogues.
(1)

(2)
G

:
G:
:

G, G
?
? .
? UG

:
:
G
:

G, G .
. GG
.
? GG .

[Exercise 1] Substitute the underlined parts above for the following and
practice the conversation with your classmate.
(1)

Prof. Kim has a severe headache.

(2)

Prof. Kim has an important appointment.

(3)

Prof. Kims parents visit him from Seoul.

(4)

Prof. Kim has a cold.

(5)

Prof. Kims car has been broken.

[Exercise 2] Role play

(1)

(2)

You are invited by your Korean friend for New Years Day
celebration at his/her parents house. You have accepted
the invitation, but on New Years Day, you have a severe
headache. Call your friend and explain why you are
unable to attend the party.
You have made an appointment with your Korean
professor. On your way to school, you witnessed a traffic
accident and reported the accident to the police. You
missed the appointment with your teacher. Call your
teacher and explain the situation.

24

Lesson 8 Birthday Party

Lesson 8. Birthday Party

CONVERSATION 1: Lets Invite Minji and Mark.
(Hyunwoo and Yujin meet and have a conversation.)
Hyunwoo:
Yujin:
Hyunwoo:
Yujin:
Hyunwoo:
Yujin:
Hyunwoo:
Yujin:
Hyunwoo:
Yujin:
Hyunwoo:
Yujin:

I heard next Friday is Steves birthday.

Oh, right. I completely forgot. Shall we throw him a
birthday party?
Yeah, lets do that. By the way, where should we have a
party?
Soobins apartment was big when I saw it last time.
Okay. I will ask her.
Whom should we invite?
Well, we can invite Minji and Mark. They are good friends
with Steve, you know.
Then its six people.
Soobin and I will prepare the dinner, so can you contact
the other people?
Okay. I will text them. What time should I tell them to be
there?
Lets gather around six. Oh, wait, can you bring your
camera when you come?
Yeah, okay. Lets record a video and upload it online, too.

CONVERSATION 2: Happy Birthday, Steve!

(Mark and Yujin arrived at Soobins apartment and rang the doorbell.)
Soobin:
Yujin:
Soobin:

Yujin:

Who is it?
Soobin, its us.
(Opening the door)
Please come in. I was worried because there is a lot to
prepare. Im glad you two are early. Minji didnt come with
you?
No, she didnt. We had to go to the store to buy champagne
and dessert. I think shell be here soon.

_GGGGGGGG 25

Mark:
Soobin:

Wow, something smells delicious.

Yeah, Hyunwoo is cooking the seaweed soup in the
kitchen now.

(A little later, Steve arrives at Soobins apartment.)

Soobin:
All:
Steve:
Soobin:
Steve:
Mark:
Steve:

Steve, please come in.

Happy birthday, Steve!
Thank you. You must have worked hard to prepare the
food.
No, everyone helped, so we finished early.
What kind of soup is this? Ive never seen it before.
It is seaweed soup. Koreans always eat the seaweed soup
on their birthday.
It is delicious. I never knew Hyunwoo was this good at
cooking.

NARRATION: Steves Diary 2

Its been six months since I came to Korea. I have been so busy I forgot
it was my birthday. But my Korean friends threw me a birthday party
today. They told me people eat seaweed soup on their birthday in Korea. I
tried seaweed soup for the first time, and it was very delicious. The spicy
rice cake and Korean-style sushi that Hyunwoo made were really good.
Mark bought a chocolate cake because he knows I like chocolate. But he
only brought 20 candles, not knowing I am turning 21. He didnt seem to
know I am older than him. My friends sang the birthday song for me, and
I blew out the candles, wishing to meet a nice Korean girlfriend.