Colegio Gimnasio Campestre

San Sebastián
10th Grade. Synthesis 1st Term

Dear students, you should know this information to study for the Synthesis Evaluation
Tests.
Here, there are simple recommendations that you should take into account to study for
the upcoming Final Term tests.

English

• You have to recognize the punctuation marks in a text.

Alice is 17 and she is a shy girl. She only has two friends: Mary, 16, and Bea, 9. She
always sits in the last desk in the classroom and doesn't talk with anybody. The class
leader, Ben, 18 talks with her, but he says that she is so rare.

• You have to recognize the different tenses.

-Steve cuts the meat, Loise prepares the orange juice, Tom washes the dishes and I buy
the dessert. We prepare special dinner every weekend. (Present Simple)

-Karen played very good the piano and the flute, but when she arrived to New York she
tried the electric guitar and forgot the notes in the piano. (Past Simple)

-Alejandro McQueen is working in an important project in the downtown, while Kelly

Smith and Armand Quincy are designing the new magazine. (Present Continuous)

-Carmen Di Stefa was walking at the beach while Danielle Stewart and Andre Deluca
were preparing and incredible party for his birthday (Past Continuous)

-Esther has studied about three hours for the Math test, but she has had that call all her
friends to remember them about the next activity. (Present Perfect)

-Sue and Kevin had walked across the main Avenue in the suburbs in the south and there
never had happened anything wrong (Past Perfect)

• You have to recognize the difference between quantifiers and partitives.

-Partitive: A quantifying expression used before a non-count noun to specify the units,
parts and collections of things (a pair of trousers, a piece of paper, a bunch of roses, four
slices of ham).

-Quantifier: A word or phrase used before a noun to express a positive or negative

contrast in quantity. There are closed and open classes of quantifiers.

Closed class: all, some, many, much, few, little, several, enough, etc.
Open class: a lot of, plenty of, large amounts of, a bottle of, two loaves of, etc.

• You have to write complex sentences using different words.

Science
 • You have to know what health, alcoholism, tobacco and AIDS are. Take into
account their consequences.

- Health is the general condition of a person in all aspects. It is also a level of functional
and/or metabolic efficiency of an organism, often implicitly human.

-Alcoholism as a disease and addiction which results in a persistent use of alcohol

despite negative consequences.

-Tobacco is an agricultural product processed from the leaves of plants in the genus
Nicotiana. In consumption it most commonly appears in the forms of smoking, chewing,
snuffing, or dipping tobacco, or snus.

-Acquired immune deficiency syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

is a disease of the human immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV).

Social

• You have to know a list of at least twenty Colombian former presidents.

• You have to recognize the main Colombian symbols and know what each of them
represents.

You have to recognize the most important aspects in the life of Andres Pastrana Arango.

Andrés Pastrana Arango (born August 17, 1954) was the President of Colombia from
1998 to 2002, following in the footsteps of his father, Misael Pastrana, who was president
from 1970 to 1974. In 1982 he formally began his political career, gaining a seat on the
local Bogotá council. He also specialized in press articles on the production and
trafficking of cocaine, for which he gained many journalistic awards. In 1991 he was
elected Senator.

He proposed the Plan Colombia:

The term Plan Colombia is most often used to refer to U.S. legislation aimed at curbing
drug smuggling and combatting a left-wing insurgency by supporting different activities
in Colombia.
Plan Colombia can also refer to a wider aid initiative originally proposed by Colombian
President Andrés Pastrana Arango, which included U.S. military/counter-narcotics aid, but
was not limited to it. The plan was conceived between 1998 and 1999 by the
administration of President Andrés Pastrana with the goals of ending the Colombian
armed conflict and creating an anti-cocaine strategy
• You have to know the current and historical situations of the Armed Conflict in
Colombia.

War is a behavior pattern exhibited by many primate species including man, and also
found in many ant species. The primary feature of this behavior pattern is a certain state
of organized violent conflict that is engaged in between two or more separate social
entities. Such a conflict is always an attempt at altering either the psychological
hierarchy or the material hierarchy of domination or equality between two or more
groups.

The Colombian armed conflict or Colombian Civil War are terms that are employed to
refer to the current asymmetric low-intensity armed conflict in Colombia that has existed
since approximately 1964 or 1966, which was when the Revolutionary Armed Forces of
Colombia (FARC) and later the National Liberation Army (ELN) were founded and
subsequently started their guerrilla insurgency campaigns against successive Colombian
administrations.
It originally began as a backlash produced by a previous conflict known as La Violencia,
which had been triggered by the 1948 assassination of populist political leader Jorge
Eliécer Gaitán.
The subsequent targeting of civilians and public infrastructure by the different armed
factions contributed both to the creation of the guerrillas and that of paramilitary groups
organized to fight against them. After the fall of the Soviet Union, the spread of both the
illegal drug trade, the drug cartels and the U.S.-backed War on Drugs increased the
intensity of the conflict and involved all of its participants.
• You have to know the main characteristics of the Colombian armed groups.

- The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia – People's Army (Spanish: Fuerzas

Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia – Ejército del Pueblo), also known by the acronym
of FARC or FARC-EP, is a Marxist-Leninist revolutionary guerrilla organization based in
Colombia, which is involved in the ongoing Colombian armed conflict.

- National Liberation Army (Spanish: Ejército de Liberación Nacional, ELN) is a

revolutionary, avowed Marxist guerrilla group that has been operating in several regions
of Colombia since 1964.
Their membership is estimated at around 1,500 guerrillas as of 2009, down from a peak
of around 4,000 in 1999. The ELN is less known than the largest Colombian rebel group
the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC). Unlike the FARC, which has a
strongly orthodox Marxist background, the ELN, initially, was strongly influenced by
liberation theology
- The United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia, or AUC,
in Spanish) was created as an umbrella organization of regional far-right paramilitary
groups in Colombia, each intending to protect different local economic, social and
political interests by fighting insurgents in their areas.

• You have to know what the demilitarized zone in Colombia was.

With the hope of negotiating a peace settlement, on November 7, 1998, President

Andrés Pastrana granted FARC-EP a 42,000 km2 (16,200 sq mi) safe haven meant to
serve as a confidence building measure, centered around the San Vicente del Caguán
settlement.
The demilitarization of this area had been among the FARC-EP's conditions for beginning
peace talks. The peace process with the government continued at a slow pace for three
years during which the BBC and other news organizations reported that the FARC-EP also
used the safe haven to import arms, export drugs, recruit minors, and build up their
armed forces.