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Genpsyh Intro PDF
Genpsyh Intro PDF
AN INTRODUCTION
PSYCHOLOGY
Psyche
soul or mind
Logos
science or study
PSYCHOLOGY
Systematic and scientific
study of behaviors and
mental processes.
BEHAVIOR
MENTAL
PROCESS
Descrip(on
Explana(on
GOALS OF
PSYCHOLOGY
Control
Predic(on
Descrip(on
OBSERVATION
understanding or finding an
explanation why behavior is
happening. it is an important
step in the process of forming
theories of behavior.
Explana(on
THEORY
GOALS OF
PSYCHOLOGY
Control
INTERVENTION
Predic(on
PREDICTION
HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY:
EARLY ERA AND ROOTS
Ancient Greece (4th-5th century) study of human soul.
Socrates studied the reincarnation of the soul.
Plato expanded philosophy about life and the soul.
Aristotle wrote Peri Psyches mind and the soul.
HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY:
CONTEMPORARY FOUNDATIONS
Wilhelm Wundt Structuralism
William James Functionalism
Max Wertheimer Gestalt Approach
Sigmund Freud Psychoanalysis
John B. Watson - Behaviorism
Structuralism
Contemporary founda(ons
HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY
Functionalism
founded by William James
Contemporary founda(ons
HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY
Gestalt psychology
founded by Max Wertheimer
Psychoanalysis
founded by Sigmund Freud
Behaviorism
associated with work of John
B. Watson, who was greatly
influenced by Ivan Pavlov s
work in conditioning/learning
PSYCHOLOGY NOW:
MODERN PERSPECTIVES
Psychodynamic
Behavioral
Humanistic
Cognitive
Sociocultural
Biological
Evolutionary
no one single perspec(ve is used to explain all human behavior and processes
PSYCHODYNAMIC
based on Freud s theory
BEHAVIORAL
based on early work of Watson
and later B. F. Skinner
HUMANISTIC
two pioneers are Carl Rogers
and Abraham Maslow
COGNITIVE
has roots in Gestalt psychology
SOCIOCULTURAL
BIOLOGICAL
EVOLUTIONARY
no one single perspec(ve is used to explain all human behavior and processes
PSYCHODYNAMIC
based on Freud s theory
BEHAVIORAL
based on early work of Watson
and later B. F. Skinner
HUMANISTIC
two pioneers are Carl Rogers
and Abraham Maslow
COGNITIVE
has roots in Gestalt psychology
Focuses
on memory,
intelligence,cperception,
mental
processes;
overt
thought processes, problem solving, language,
behavior
(internality)
and learning
SOCIOCULTURAL
BIOLOGICAL
EVOLUTIONARY
PSYCHOLOGY NOW:
AREAS OF SPECIALIZATION
Area in psychology
Description of specialization
Clinical
Counseling
Developmental
Experimental
Social
Personality
Physiological
Comparative
PSYCHOLOGY NOW:
AREAS OF SPECIALIZATION
Area in psychology
Description of specialization
Health
Educational
School
Sports
Forensic
Environmental
Industrial/
Organizational
PSYCHOLOGICAL PROFESSIONS
Psychiatrist
Medical doctor (M.D. or D.O.) that specializes in diagnosis and
treatment of psychological disorders, can prescribe medication
Psychologist
Has a masteral or doctorate degree (M.A, Ph.D., Psy.D., or Ed.D.) and
works with either humans or animals in a variety of settings based on
the area of specialization
Must be licensed to practice independently; typically does not
prescribe medication but can go through specialized training to do so
in some states
Corporate Industry
Human resource; organizational and administration
Educational Settings
Teaching, Research, Guidance & Counseling, Homeroom
Government
Community leader, advocacy expert
Others
Consultancy; expert witness; volunteer; image consultant