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Lecture 4 - Cam Clay
Lecture 4 - Cam Clay
Critical-State Models
Some Critical State Soil Models:
Granta Gravel
Cam Clay
Prevosts Multi-surface
Prevosts Multi-surface
Modified Cam-Clay
Modified Cam-Clay
Kinematic hardening
Isotropic hardening
Dependency on e
Ignores OCR
Kinematic Hardening
xy
xy
xz
xy
xz
Isotropic Hardening
Isotropic Hardening
Critical-State
Critical-State
CSL
p (kPa)
Critical-State Line
Elastic
Yielding
3D Figure
or
Elastic but
NOT linear
Soil Plasticity
Flow Rule: Describes the direction of the
vector of plastic strain increment
Hardening Law: Relates the magnitude of a
plastic strain to the magnitude of an
increment of stress as the stress traverses the
yield surface and the material hardens
Yield Surface
Preconsolidation Pressure
Plastic Strains
Definitions:
des :Deviatoric Elastic strain increment
dps :Deviatoric Plastic strain increment
ds = des + dps
0
Volumetric Strains
Elastic Volumetric
Strains
Plastic Volumetric
Strains
also:
Differentiating:
Yield surface:
Differentiating (dq/dp), we find normal
of the yield surface (-dp/dq):
Using:
2
2 2
M
d S d S d V
P
dp / dq
d S d V
2
2 2
M
Normal of the
yield surface
Summary
Volumetric Strains:
Deviatoric Strains:
Summary
CSL
M
p
(kPa)
Summary
Yield Surface
Preconsolidation Pressure
Summary
Volumetric Strains:
Deviatoric Strains:
General Formulation
Borja, R. I., & Lee, S. R. (1990). Cam-clay plasticity, part I:
implicit integration of elasto-plastic constitutive relations.
Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and
Engineering, 78(1), 49-72
General Formulation
Hardening Behavior
Hardening Behavior
q
Critical State
Line
State Boundary
Surface
P
Normal
Consolidation
Line
Hardening Behavior
q
Critical State
Line
State Boundary
Surface
P
Normal
Consolidation
Line
Softening Behavior
Softening Behavior
q
Critical State
Line
State Boundary
Surface
P
Normal
Consolidation
Line
Softening Behavior
q
Critical State
Line
State Boundary
Surface
P
Normal
Consolidation
Line
e
NCL
CSL