Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Dairy Cattle 2010
Dairy Cattle 2010
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[personal interest]
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General Concepts
3
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Overconditioning
5
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Displaced abomasum
7
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Displaced abomasum
8
abdominal cavity
85-90% left-sided
75% occur within 1st 14 days post calving
Rare in heifers
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Displaced Abomasum
D
A
B
C
Abomasum = A
C = Omasum
Rumen = B
D = Liver
9
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Symptoms of DA
10
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Hypocalcemia
Mastitis/metritis-endotoxemia & decreased rumen fill
Displaced Abomasum
12
Non-surgical
Removal of gas from abomasum
Rolling cow over, taking on rough trailer ride
Tethering of right hind leg
Surgical
Move abomasum into place and attach it surgically to
body wall
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Displaced Abomasum
13
Prevention
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Bovine Tuberculosis
14
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Historic Disease:
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Transmission:
Aerosol>ingestion(milk)>intrauterine/sexual
Clinical signs: Depends on organ/location
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Emaciated Cow
17
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Diagnosis TB
19
cases
Other :
Radiographs, microscopic exam sputum/fluids
Meat inspection
Necropsy
Definitive diagnosis:
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Control
21
Routine hygiene
Clean & disinfect contaminated food, water troughs, etc.
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Control
22
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Mastitis
25
What is it?
Inflammation of the mammary gland
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Mastitis
26
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Causes of Mastitis
27
Infectious mastitis
Invasion of bacteria into gland
Clinical or sub-clinical
Non
Non-infectious
infectious mastitis
Due to injury, chilling, bruising, improper milking
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Mastitis
29
Above totals are from 1996. USDA/APHIS Dairy report: From 19962007 % of cows w/clinical mastitis increased 13.4 to 16.5%. The
total economic loss is closer to $250/cow.
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Mastitis
30
Clinical mastitis
Visible inflammation in udder (swelling, heat, pain, redness)
Subclinical mastitis
Infection and inflammation without clinical mastitis or
systemic involvement (asymptomatic)
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10
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Mastitis pathogens
33
Co
Contagious
tag ous
Environmental
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11
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Contagious mastitis
34
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Contagious mastitis
36
Staphylococcus aureus
Worst of the contagious agents
Penetrates deep into glandular epithelium
Not very responsive to antibiotics resistance common
Immune response of cow not as successful in eliminating
infections as with other pathogens
Once established in herd, difficult/impossible to eradicate
Dry treat or cull
Survives in multiple locations in cow
Transmitted esp. by hands
Streptococcus agalactiae
Obligate infection of mammary gland
Readily eradicated with antibiotics
Multiply in milk and on mammary epithelial surfaces
Will not survive in the environment
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12
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Mycoplasma
37
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Environmental mastitis
38
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Environmental mastitis
39
Escherichia coli
Systemic
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13
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In udder...
41
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Acute mastitis:
42
rough coat
Increased blood proteins and leukocytes in
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14
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43
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Chronic Mastitis
44
If treatment unsuccessful
Scar tissue
Ducts permanently blocked
Loss
L
off function
f
ti iin glands
l d may b
be permanentt
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lumpy
15
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Altered composition
Decreased fat, protein, lactose
Increased chlorides
Lower total solids
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Risk factors
47
16
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Latex Gloves
50
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51
17
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53
Barrier teat dips useful to prevent mastitis in dry & transition cows
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54
Barrier dips block bacterial access to the animal and can be used to protect cut
areas where the skin barrier compromised.
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18
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Treatment
55
Antibiotics
During lactation
Dry period
Frequent milking
Reduce
R d
ability
bili to proliferate
lif
Oxytocin
Reduce volume of media
Reduce pathogen population
Fluid therapy for endotoxemia
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Treatment
56
aseptically
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19
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Treatment
58
milk supply
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20