VALUE STREAM MAPPING

Value stream mapping is a lean-management method for analyzing the current state
and designing a future state for the series of events that take a product or service
from its beginning through to the customer. At Toyota, it is known as "material and
information flow mapping".It can be applied to nearly any value chain.
WORM WHEEL DESIGN:
Before moving into the VSM, we should know about the basic parameters of worm
wheel.

Conventionally, Worm reduction gear sets have always been made on dedicated
gear hobbing / shaping machines using dedicated tooling & cutters. These
machines are excellent for mass production of gear sets. However, small
companies can not afford to invest in these machines especially if their core
product is something other than gear manufacture.
Due to the wide spread usage of 4 and 5 axis VMCs & turning centers with
C & Y axis, it is now possible, with the right software, to make any worm
reduction gear set.

There is no need for any special tooling or cutters, all that is required is a
standard end mill. Manufacture of large size gears is possible on relatively small
multi axis VMCs & Turning Centers with C & Y axis. Hence even mass
production costs for larger gear sets actually work out cheaper by this novel
method of manufacture!
Furthermore, in the case of special components, the gear profile can be
machined as part of the component itself, especially on a CNC lathe with C & Y
axis, along with the other turning operations! No need to machine splines /
keyways or fasten the gear on to your driving / driven shaft.
Our service is aimed at those machine shops that do not have gear hobbing
machines & thread whirling machines, but own 4 & 5 axis VMC's or CNC turning
centers / CNC lathes with C & Y axis.
This is an ideal method of manufacture of Prototypes, small / medium batches,
replacements etc. The
tool paths are extremely accurate & optimised for maximum productivity,
keeping the cutter engaged with the component with minimum air cutting.
Our service is aimed at those machine shops that do not have gear hobbing
machines & thread whirling machines, but own 4 & 5 axis VMC's.
Our method of manufacture involves swarf cutting (the diameter of the
tools generates the desired profile as per the figure below). The advantage of this
system is that the tip of the tool (red portion) does the roughing operation (equal to
depth of cut per pass) while the portion above the tip of the same tool (green
portion) does finishing of the profile, by removing a minute portion of material left
behind in the previous pass, by the red portion of the tip of the tool. This is
possible due to the involute profile of the Worm wheel teeth. Hence by
simultaneously using different parts of the same tool for roughing & finishing
operations, the cycle time is minimized. Also, a slight amount of wear that

typically occurs on the tip of the cutter does not affect the profile. Similarly, slight
error in Z offset of the tool does not affect the profile.
he corner radius that is inherent in the process of hobbing can also be
replicated by using an end mill cutter with suitable corner radius as per the figure
below.
Our method of tool path generation is directly created from the raw data like
center distance, ratio, module, Diameteral factor & cutter diameter. We do not first
create the profile & use a CAM post processors to generate the profile. Hence,
there are no losses in accuracy due to conversions in CAD formats etc. We have
developed our own software that creates very accurate tool paths & we only
simulate the tool paths to verify the result.

PASSPORT APPLYING PROCEDURE

Online Form Submission
Step 1 Register through the Passport Seva Online Portal. (Click on "Register
Now" link on the Home Page).
Step 2 Login to the Passport Seva Online Portal with the registered Login Id.
Step 3 Click "Apply for Fresh Passport/Re-issue of Passport" link.
Step 4 Fill in the required details in the form and submit.
Step 5 Click the "Pay and Schedule Appointment" link on the "View
Saved/Submitted Applications" screen to schedule an appointment.
Online Payment has been made mandatory for booking appointments at
all Passport Seva Kendras/Passport Offices.
Online Payment can be made using any one of the following modes:
o
o
o

Credit/Debit Card (MasterCard and Visa)

Internet Banking (State Bank of India (SBI) and Associate
Banks Only)
SBI Bank Challan

Step 6 Click the "Print Application Receipt" link to print the application receipt
containing Application Reference Number (ARN)/Appointment Number.
Step 7 Visit the Passport Seva Kendra (PSK)/Regional Passport Office (RPO)
where appointment has been booked, along with original documents.

PASSPORT APPLYING PROCEDURE THROUGH ONLINE:

REFERENCES

Handbook of Gear Design By Gitin M. Maitra

http://passportindia.gov.in/AppOnlineProject/online/procFormSubOnl
Design and Application of the Worm Gear By William P. Crosher
Design of Machine Elements by V. B. Bhandari

 Value Stream Mapping: How to Visualize Work and Align Leadership for
Organizational Transformation by Karen Martin, Mike Osterling