Shafira Nurul Annisa

XI CI Akselerasi
Report text: Lily

Lily

Lilium (members of which are true lilies) is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants
growing from bulbs, all with large prominent flowers. Lilies are a group of flowering plants
which are important in culture and literature in much of the world. Most species are native to the
temperate northern hemisphere, though their range extends into the northern subtropics. Many
other plants have "lily" in their common name but are not related to true lilies.
The range of lilies in the Old World extends across much of Europe, across most of Asia
to Japan, south to India, and east to Indochina and the Philippines. In the New World they extend
from southern Canada through much of the United States.
Lilies manly have five main parts. First is its bulb. Rather than just roots, a lily has a bulb
on the bottom. This bulb stores nutrients and saves them up for the next season's bloom. Lilies
bloom annually so this bulb system sustains them during the winter months. The roots that grow
from the bulb absorb moisture from the soil and also keep the plant firmly anchored in the
ground. Second is the stem and leaves. Many different species of lilies are grown, so their stems
and leaves vary. Some stems are only a few inches tall, while other tall varieties can grow as high
as 8 feet. The leaves make food for the plant, which is then stored in the bulb. Third is their
sepals and petals. Sepals are the leafy parts that are underneath the petals. They can be green or
they can match the color of the petals. The sepals are what initially encase the immature flower
bud and protect it. Lily petals often have lines and dots on them. These markings actually serve
as a map for insects, leading them to the nectar. Fourth is its stamen. It identifies the male parts
of the flower. The stamen consists of two parts: the anther and the filament. The filament is the
stem-like part that holds up the anther and anchors it to the center of the flower. There are usually
several stamens around the inside of the lily. The anther is the rounded section at the top of each
filament. The anther holds the pollen of the flower. The fifth is the female parts of the flower,
which is called pistils. It includes the stigma, style, ovary and egg cells. The pistil is the large
center part of the flower. At the top of the pistil is the stigma. The stigma is rounded and is sticky
to the touch. It is sticky so that it can catch pollen. It is attached to the ovary with a stem-like
portion called the style. The ovary is the big round portion at the bottom of the pistil. It contains
the unfertilized eggs as well as seeds.

Lilies reproduce using two ways: asexual and sexual. The easiest method of propagating
lilies asexually is division. Simply separate younger plants and bulbs from the older ones in the
fall, and replant them. There may also be bulbils, bulblets, or offsets growing from the parent
plants. These can be removed and replanted to produce a new plant. If no offsets are present, the
lily can be propagated by bulb scales. To propagate by this method, remove scales from the main
bulb and clean them of dirt or rot. Then place the scales in a plastic zip-lock bag about two-thirds
full of moistened sphagnum peat moss. Shake the bag gently to cover the scales, then zip it
closed. Store the bag at room temperature. In a few weeks, small bulblets should begin to form
on the scales. When these develop roots, they can be gently removed and planted. As for the
sexual propagation, it is called pollination. Pollination is accomplished when pollen grains, the
male gametes of the plant, are transferred to the stigma by an insect or other physical action. The
pollen grains come in contact with the stigma and stick to it. Pollen travels down a path called a
pollen tube through the pistil into the ovule to fertilize the ova. Seeds then form in the lily flower.
As the seeds mature, the flower dies, and a seed pod grows. The pod eventually releases its
seeds.
Lilies have various kinds. According to the species and interspecific hybrids that they
derived from, theyre classified as: Asiatic hybrids, derived from central and East Asian species
and interspecific hybrids, its medium-sized, upright or outward facing flowers, mostly
unscented. Martagon hybrids, the flowers are nodding, Turk's cap style (with the petals strongly
recurved). Candidum (Euro-Caucasian) hybrids, includes mostly European species. American
hybrids, mostly taller growing forms and many are clump-forming perennials with rhizomatous
rootstocks. Longiflorum hybrids, these are cultivated forms of this species and its subspecies,
also they are most important as plants for cut flowers, and are less often grown in the garden than
other hybrids. Trumpet lilies (including Aurelian hybrids), the flowers are trumpet shaped, facing
outward or somewhat downward, and tend to be strongly fragrant, often especially nightfragrant. Oriental hybrids are fragrant, and the flowers tend to be outward facing. Plants tend to
be tall, and the flowers may be quite large. The whole group is sometimes referred to as
"stargazers" because many of them appear to look upwards. The last kind is Other hybrids which
Includes all other garden hybrids.
Lilies can grow in several kinds of places which fulfill the requirements so it can fully
cultivate. They are commonly adapted to either woodland habitats, often montane, or sometimes

to grassland habitats. A few can survive in marshland and epiphytes are known in tropical
southeast Asia. In general they prefer moderately acidic or lime-free soils.
Lilies face natural enemies such as pests and diseases. Aphids may infest
plants. Leatherjackets feed on the roots. Larvae of the Scarlet lily beetle can cause serious
damage to the stems and leaves. Plants can suffer from damage caused by mice, deer and
squirrels. Slugs, snails and millipedes attack seedlings, leaves and flowers. Brown spots on damp
leaves may signal botrytis (also known as lily disease). Various fungal and viral diseases can
cause mottling of leaves and stunting of growth.
Lilies arent just pretty, theyre also useful. They can function as cuisine. In China, dried
lily flower buds which are called golden needles or jin zhen in China are used in Chinese
cuisine. They are soaked and cooked with mushrooms. In China, baihe gan or the L. brownie
bulbs are considered to be a health and luxury food. Aside from that, lilies can also be used as
medicine. In their tradition, lily bulbs can cure sore throats, build the lungs stronger, help address
heart problems and improve kidney functions. They can also be used to lower down fever
temperatures. Some people use lily bulbs to help them relax and improve sleep. European history
also shows that they have used lily bulbs for medicinal purposes like fevers, cleaning wounds
and sores. As for decoration, there are some countries that grow lilies in pots and are used as a
patio plant. The Easter lily is indispensable in Easter trade and are considered to be important cut
flowers. Lilies also take part as an environmental sustainer. In the Philippines, water lilies or
water hyacinth and bamboos are used to clean polluted rivers. It is used as a biological filter
helping the water get cleaned of pollution and heavy metals. Other Southeast Asian countries
have been using this, prior to the Philippines. If you have a pond with fishes in it, then try adding
some water lilies. They provide a habitat for micro-organisms that fishes feed on, according to
the Texas A&M University. By doing so, your fish would not require too much artificial
food. Aside from food sources, Langston University recommends using water lily for fish ponds
since they may provide shade and also hiding places for fishes. Also, lilies can actually be used
to make handicraft. Still in the Philippines, water lilies are used and converted into fibre which
can be used in textile manufacturing. Water lilies are transformed into hand-woven products like
slippers, handicrafts and placemats.