Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Divisibility Rules by DR J C SAINI
Divisibility Rules by DR J C SAINI
JAGDISH SAINI
J1(7) = - 4,
J2(7) = 2,
J2(7) = - 5,
J3(7) = 6,
J3(7) = - 1,
J4(7) = 4,
J4(7) = -3,
J5(7) = 5,
J5(7) = - 2,
J6(7) = 1,
J6(7) = - 6,
J(7)1 = 5,
J(7)1 = - 2,
J(7)2 = 4,
J(7)2 = - 3,
J(7)3 = 6,
J(7)3 = - 1
J(7)4 = 2,
J(7)4 = -5,
J(7)5 = 3,
J(7)5 = - 4,
J(7)6 = 1,
J(7)6 = - 6.
Remark 1. Jg(d) = 1 simply means starting from the end parse the given dividend in to g-digit groups
and add all the groups.
Remark 2. J(d)1 = m simply means starting from the end delete and multiply the first digit of the
dividend by m and add to the truncated dividend.
To explain these rules/tests, we consider ( in decimal system) the divisibility of
69 78642789 67430093 67430876 by 137.
As given in the following table 2, the relevant rules/tests for 137 are
J8(137) = 1, J4(137) = - 1, J(137)1 = - 41.
J8(137) = 1 : Starting from the end, we parse 69 78642789 67430093 67430876 in to 8-digit groups,
form their sum and repeat the process.
69 78642789 67430093 67430876 69 +78642789+ 67430093+ 67430876 = 2 13503827,
2 13503827 2+13503827 = 13503829.
J4(137) = - 1 : We now divide 1350 3829 into 4-digit groups, multiply the first group by - 1 and add to
the next group.
1350 3829 3829-1350 =2479.
J(137)1 = - 41 : Now we multiply the last digit 9 i.e. the rightmost 1-digit group of 2479 by -41 and add
to 247 and repeat the process.
247 9 247-369 = - 122,
-12 2 -12+82 = 70,
7 0 7 + 0 = 7.
Thus we have reduced 69 78642789 67430093 67430863 to 7 which is not divisible by 137. So, the given
number 69 78642789 67430093 67430863 is also not divisible by 137.
The following table provides some divisibility rules/tests for integers 3-999 and co-prime to 10
Divisibility rule/test
d
J g(d) = m / J(d)g = m
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
J1(3) = 1
J1(9) = 1
11
J2(11) = 1, J1(11) = - 1
13
17
J16(17) =1,
19
21
J6(21) = 1, J(21)2 = 4
23
27
J3(27) = 1
29
31
33
J2(33) = 1
37
J3(37) = 1, J(37)1= - 11
39
J6(39) = 1, J(39)1 = 4
41
J5(41) = 1, J(41)1 = - 4
43
47
49
51
J16(51) = 1, J2(51) = - 2
53
57
J18(57) = 1, J8(57) = - 2
59
61
63
J6(63) = 1, J3(63) = - 8
67
69
J22(69) = 1, J4(69) = - 5
71
73
77
J6(77) = 1, J3(77) = - 1
79
81
J9(81) = 1, J(81)1 = - 8
83
87
89
91
J6(91) = 1, J3(91) = - 1
93
J15(93) = 1, J7(93) = - 11
97
99
J2(99) = 1
J18(131) = - 2, J(131)4 = 3
J(331) 1= - 33
333 J3(333) = 1
337 J336(337) = 1, J168(337) = - 1, J(337)32 = 2, J16(337) = 13, J11(337) = 15, J3(337) = -11,
J(337)2 = 91
10
J11(389) = - 101,
J(419)1 = 42
J4(433) = 41
11
12
503 J502(503) = 1, J251(503) = -1, J69(503) = -2, J25(503) = - 16, J(503)6 = 14, J3(503) = - 6
507 J78(507) = 1, J46(507) = - 101, J15(507) = 103, J(507)8 = 211
509 J508(509) = 1, J254(509) = - 1, J67(509) = 2, J(509)6 = 11, J(509)1 = 51
511 J24(511) = 1
513 J18(513) = 1, J7(513) = 91
517 J46(517) = 1, J23(517) = - 1, J9(517) = - 12, J(517)4 = 111
519 J43(519) = 1, J13(519) = 16, J(519)8 = 22, J(519)5 = 202
521 J52(521) = 1, J26(521) = - 1, J10(521) = - 18, J6(521) = 201, J(521)1 = - 52
523 J261(523) = 1, J47(523) = - 2, J13(523) = 7, J5(523) = 107
527 J240(527) = 1, J55(527) = 5, J(527)54 = 2, J37(527) = - 11, J16(527) = 103, J4(527) = - 13
529 J506(529) = 1, J253(529) = - 1, J113(529) = 11, J74(529) = 2, J18(529) = - 14, J5(529) = 19,
531 J58(531) = 1, J(531)12 = - 8, J(531)5= -71
533 J30(533) = 1, J14(533) = - 4, J(533)2 = 16
537 J178(537) = 1, J116(537) = - 11, J(537)62 = - 11, J(537)16 = - 2, J7(537) = - 14
539 J42(539) = 1, J21(539) = - 1, J8(539) = - 131
541 J540(541) = 1, J270(541) = - 1, J113(541) = 2, J30(541) = - 15, J14(541) = -9, J(541)6 = 7
543 J180(543) = 1, J56(543)= - 11, J43(543) = - 2, J15(543) = 7, J(543)8= 16
547 J91(547) = 1, J13(547) = - 3, J5(547) = - 101
549 J60(549) = 1, J19(549) = - 17, J(549)9 = - 8
13
551 J252(551) = 1, J(551)73 = 2, J(551)37 = 21, J21(551) = 12, J8(551) = 112, J(551)3 = 27
553 J78(553) = 1, J(553)15 = - 15, J12(553) = 8, J7(553) = 101, J(553)4 = - 12
557 J278(557) = 1, J139(557) = -1, J32(557) = - 4, J20(557) = - 9, J(557)5 = - 15
559 J42(559) = 1, J19(559) = - 3, J(559)8 = 81, J(559)4 = 9
561 J16(561) = 1, J9(561) = 109, J(561)3 = - 23
563 J281(563) = 1, J(563)109 = - 2, J116(563) = 3, J63(563) = 4, J29(563) = 11, J7(563) = - 6
J(563)4 = 21
567 J18(567) = 1, J11(567) = 19, J(567)2 = - 17
569 J284(569) = 1, J142(569) = -1, J63(569) = - 2, J(569)11 = 7, J(569)7 = 13, J(569)1= 57
571 J570(571) = 1, J285(571) = -1, J(571)130 = - 2, J94(571) = 11, J28(571) = - 3, J16(571) = 202,
J7(571) = 77, J(571)1 = - 57
573 J95(573) = 1, j10(573) = - 11, J7(573) = 4
577 J576(577) = 1, J288(577) = - 1, J78(577) = 11, J(577)28 = - 2, J7(577) = 13
579 J192(579) = 1, J86(579) = - 2, J(579)20 = 4, J15(579) = 13, J(579)8 = 7
581 J246(581) = 1, J67(581) = 3, J(581)19 = - 2, J15(581) = 111, J(581)8 = - 101, J(581)4 = - 222
583 J26(583) = 1, J(583)4 = - 131,
587 J293(587) = 1, J(587)64= - 2, J45(587) = 12, J21 (587) = - 102, J9(587) = 301, J4(587) = 21
589 J90(589) = 1, J26(589) = 112, J14(589) = - 3, J(589)7 = 14
591 J98(591) = 1, J61(591) = 4, J24(591) = 16, J(591)7 = 19
593 J592(593) = 1, J296(593) = -1, J132(593) = 2, J75(593) = 3,, J(593)32 = - 4, J12(593) = -113,
J(593)6 = - 91
597 J99(597) = 1, J64(597) = 13, J16(597) = 7, J(597)4 = 4
599 J299(599) = 1, J(599)17 = 2, J15(599) = 3, J(599)10 = - 11, J(599)2 = 6
601 J300(601) = 1, J150(601) = - 1, J(601)24 = 2, J12(601) = - 111,
14
J8(601) = 211,
J(601)2 = - 6
J(631)98 = 2 , J21(631) = 8
J13(631) = - 109
15
657 J8(657) = 1
659 J658(659) = 1, J329(659) = - 1, J149(659) = 2, J78(659) = 3, J47(659) = - 12, J13(659) = - 311
J(659)5= - 51, J(659)1= 66
661 J220(661) = 1, J110(661) = - 1, J40(661) = - 3, J17(661) = 8, J(661)5= 7, J(661)1= - 66
663 J48(663) = 1, J24(663) = 118, J(663)8 = 16
667 J308(667) = 1, J135(667) = 11, J97(667) = - 3, J73(667) = - 101, J19(667) = 21, J4(667) = -5
669 J222(669) = 1, J118(669) = - 11, J36(669) = 4, J11(669) = 61, J8(669) = - 113
671 J60(671) = 1, J45(671) = - 111, J16(671) = 12, J5(671) = 21, J(671)1 = - 67
673 J224(673) = 1, J112(673) = -1, J(673)24 = - 12, J10(673) = 7, J7(673) = - 107
677 J338(677) = 1, J169(677) = - 1, J(677) 66= - 4, J33(677) = -13, J22(677) = -117 J6(677) = 71
679 J96(679) = 1, J(679)10 = 2, J11(679) = 5, J(679)3 = 55
681 J113(681) = 1, J66(681) = - 2, J(681)47 = - 2, J32(681) = 112, J19(681) = 4, J5(681) = - 107
J(681)4 = 19
683
16
J(709)1 = 71
711 J13(711) = 1, J(711)5 = - 17
713 J330(713) = 1, J96(713) = 2, J18(713) = 101, J(713)8 = - 11
717 J7(717) = 1
719 J359(719) = 1, J(719)160 = 2, J60(719) = 3,
17
18
821 J820(821) = 1, J410(821) = -1, J197(821) = - 2, J157(821) = - 3, J141(821) = 12, J86(821) = 101
J26(821) = 7, J6(821) = 22
823 J822(823) = 1, J411(823) = - 1, J(823)122 = 2, J28(823) = - 7, J13(823) = - 201, J(823)2 = 107
827 J413(827) = 1, J176(827) = - 2, J39(827) = 3, J29(827) = - 7, J8(827) = - 13
829 j276(829) = 1, j138(829) = - 1, J102(829) = 12, j29(829) = 7,
j17(829) = 18
J(829)6= - 11
19
j220(881) = - 1,
20
21
TABLE 3 (BASE - 8)
Here the eight digits are the same digits of the decimal system 0,1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7. Each position in this
number represents a power of the base (8)
Divisor
d
Divisibility rule/test
Jg(d) = m / J(d)g = m
J1(2) = 0
j2(3) = 1, j1(3) = - 1
j1(4) = 0
j4(5) = 1, j2(5) = - 1
j1(7) = 1
10 j1(10) = 0
11 j2(11) = 1, j1(11) = - 1
12 j1(2) = 0 & j4(5) = 1, j2(5) = - 1
13 j12(13) = 1, j5(13) = - 1, j2(13) = - 2
22
23
24
74 j1(4) = 0 &
j4(17) = 1, j(17)1 = 2
77 J2(77) = 1
100 J2(100)= 0
101 J4(101) = 1, J2(101) = - 1
102 j1(2) = 0 &
J4(43) = 1
J2(11) = 1,
J1(11) = - 1
111 J3(111)= 1
112 j1(2) = 0 &
J4(47)= 1, J(47)1= 5
25
133 J4(133) = 1
134 j1(4) = 0 & J13(27) = 1, J4(27) = 2, J(27)1 = 3
135 J12(135) = 1, J7(135) = 2, J4(135) = 4
136 j1(2) = 0 & j27(57) = 1, j10(57) = 2, j3(57) = - 5
137 J14(137) = 1, J5(137) = - 7, J(137)1 = 14
140 J2(40) = 0 & j2(3) = 1, j1(3) = - 1
141 J20(141) = 1, J10(141) = -1, J(141)3 = 22
142
TABLE 4 ( BASE- 9 )
Here the nine digits are the same digits of the decimal system 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7and 8. Each position in this number
system represents a power of the base (9)
Divisor
d
2
J1(2) = 1
J1(3) = 0
26
Divisibility rule/test
Jg(d) = m / J(d)g = m
J1(4) = 1
J2(5) = 1
J1(3) = 0 &
J3(7) = 1
J1(8) = 1
10
J1(10) = 0
11
J2(11) = 1
J1(2) = 1
12
J5(12) = 1,
J3(12) = 3,
13
J1(3) = 0 &
J1(4) = 1
14
J3(14) = 1,
15
J1(2) = 1 &
J3(7) = 1
16
J1(3) = 0 &
J2(5) = 1
17
J2(17) = 1
18
J8(18) = 1,
20
J1(10) = 0 &
21
J10(21) = 1,
J(12)2 = 3
J(14)1 = 3
J4(18) = - 1,
J(18)1 = 2
J1(2) = 1
J(21)2 = 4
22
J1(4) = 1 &
J2(5) = 1
23
J1(3) = 0 &
J3(7) = 1
24
J1(2) = 1 &
J5(12) = 1,
J3(12) = 3,
25
J12(25) = 1,
J6(25) = 3,
J(25)2 = 2
26
J1(3) = 0 &
J1(8) = 1
27
J11(27) = 1,
J5(27) = - 1,
28
J1(2) = 1 &
30
J2(30) = 0
27
J3(14) = 1,
J2(27) = - 4
J(14)1 = 3
J(12)2 = 3
31
J1(4) = 1 &
J3(7) = 1
32
J15(32) = 1,
J7(32) = - 1,
33
34
J16(34) = 1,
35
J4(35) = 1
36
J1(3) = 0 &
J5(12) = 1,
J3(12) = 3,
37
J1(2) = 1 &
J8(18) = 1,
J4(18) = - 1,
38
J2(5) = 1 &
J3(7) = 1
40
J1(10) = 0 &
J1(4) = 1
41
J10(41) = 1,
42
J1(2) = 1 &
J10(21) = 1,
J(21)2 = 4
43
J1(3) = 0 &
J3(14) = 1,
J(14)1 = 3
44
J2(5) = 1 &
J1(8) = 1
45
J4(45) = 1,
J2(45) = - 1
46
J1(3) = 0 &
J1(2) = 1 &
47
J23(47) = 1,
J12(47) = - 3,
48
J1(4) = 1 &
J5(12) = 1,
50
J1(10) = 0 &
J2(5) = 1
51
J1(2) = 1 &
J12(25) = 1,
52
J25(52) = 1,
J13(52) = 3,
53
J1(3) = 0 &
J2(17) = 1
54
J23(54) = 1,
J14(54) = 2,
55
J1(2) = 1 &
56
J1(3) = 0 &
28
J9(34) = 4,
J(41)4 = - 3,
J3(32) = 4
J(34)3 = 2
J(12)2 = 3
J(18)1 = 2
J2(41) = 7
J3(7) = 1
J6(47) = 4,
J3(12) = 3,
J6(25) = 3,
J3(47) = - 2
J(12)2 = 3
J(25)2 = 2
J(52)3 = 2
J5(54) = 4,
J3(54) = - 6,
J11(27) = 1,
J5(27) = - 1,
J2(27) = - 4
J8(18) = 1,
J4(18) = - 1,
J(18)1 = 2
J(54)1 = 12
57
J1(4) = 1 &
58
J28(58) = 1,
J14(58) = - 1,
60
J2(30) = 0 &
J1(2) = 1
61
J2(5) = 1&
J5(12) = 1,
62
J3(7) = 1 &
J1(8) = 1
63
J1(3) = 0 &
J10(21) = 1,
64
J1(2) = 1 &
J15(32) = 1,
65
J32(65) = 1,
J16(65) = 3,
66
J1(3) = 0 &
J1(4) = 1 &
67
J5(67) = 1,
J3(67) = -3
68
J1(2) = 1 &
J16(34) = 1,
70
J1(10) = 0 &
J3(7) = 1
71
J8(71) = 1,
J(71)1 = - 7
72
J2(5) = 1&
J3(14) = 1,
73
J1(3) = 0 &
J1(2) = 1 &
74
J12(74) = 1,
J6(74) = - 3,
75
J1(4) = 1 &
J8(18) = 1,
J4(18) = - 1,
76
J1(3) = 0 &
J12(25) = 1,
J6(25) = 3,
77
J3(7) = 1 &
78
J38(78) = 1,
80
J1(10) = 0 &
J1(8) = 1
81
J6(81) = 1,
J3(81) = - 1,
82
J1(2) = 1 &
J10(41) = 1,
83
J1(3) = 0 &
29
J3(14) = 1,
J(14)1 = 3
J6(58) = 11,
J3(12) = 3,
J(58)3 = 4
J(12)2 = 3
J(21)2 = 4
J7(32) = - 1,
J9(65) = - 2,
J3(32) = 4
J(65)4 = 5
J2(5) = 1
J9(34) = 4,
J(34)3 = 2
J(14)1 = 3
J5(12) = 1,
J3(12) = 3,
J(12)2 = 3
J4(74) = - 5
J(18)1 = 2
J(25)2 = 2
J2(11) = 1
J25(78) = 2,
J11(27) = 1,
J20(78) = 3,
J(78)13 = 2,
J(8)1 = - 8
J(41)4 = - 3,
J5(27) = - 1,
J2(41) = 7
J2(27) = - 4
J12(78) = 4,
J6(78) = 6,
84
J1(4) = 1 &
J10(21) = 1,
85
J3(7) = 1 &
J5(12) = 1,
J3(12) = 3,
J(12)2 = 3
86
J1(3) = 0 &
J1(2) = 1 &
J3(14) = 1,
J(14)1 = 3
J22(87) = -3,
J(87)8 = 5,
J4(87) = 4,
87
88
J43(87) = 1,
J2(5) = 1 &
100
J2(100) = 0
101
J1(2) = 1 &
102
J45(102) = 1,
103
J1(3) = 0 &
J(21)2 = 4
J2(87) = 2
J2(17) = 1
J4(45) = 1,
J2(45) = - 1
J23(102) = 3,
J1(4) = 1 &
J14(102) = - 5,
J4(102) = 4,
J3(7) = 1
104
J2(5) = 1 &
J8(18) = 1,
J4(18) = - 1,
J(18)1 = 2
105
J1(2) = 1 &
J23(47) = 1,
J12(47) = - 3,
J6(47) = 4,
106
J1(3) = 0 &
J15(32) = 1,
J7(32) = - 1,
107
J1(8) = 1 &
108
J48(108) = 1,
J5(12) = 1,
J3(12) = 3,
J24(108) = - 1,
J(12)2 = 3
J8(108) = 2,
J(108)1 = 11
J1(10) = 0 &
J2(11) = 1
111
J3(7) = 1 &
J3(14) = 1,
112
J1(4) = 1 &
J12(25) = 1,
J6(25) = 3,
J(25)2 = 2
113
j1(3) = 0 &
J16(34) = 1,
J9(34) = 4,
J(34)3 = 2
114
J1(2) = 1 &
J25(52) = 1,
J13(52) = 3,
J(52)3 = 2
115
J2(5) = 1&
J10(21) = 1,
J(21)2 = 4
j1(3) = 0 &
117
J26(117) = 1,
118
J1(2) = 1 &
J23(54) = 1,
120
J1(10) = 0 &
J5(12) = 1,
30
J3(47) = - 2
J3(32) = 4
110
116
J2(102) = - 2
J(14)1 = 3
J4(35) = 1
J13(117) = - 1,
J7(117) = - 4,
J14(54) = 2,
J3(12) = 3,
J(117)2 = 6
J5(54) = 4,
J(12)2 = 3
J3(54) = - 6,
J(54)1 = 12
121
J1(4) = 1 &
J11(27) = 1,
J5(27) = - 1,
J2(27) = - 4
Divisor
d
Divisibility rule/test
Jg(d) = m / J(d)g = m
J1(2) = 1
J2(3) = 1
J1(3) = - 1
J2(4) = 1,
J1(4) = - 1
J1(5) = 1
J2(6) = 1,
J1(6) = - 1
J3(7) = 1,
J2(7) = 2
J2(8)= 1
J6(9) = 1,
J1(A) = 1
J3(9) = - 1
10 J1(10) = 0
11
J2(11) = 1
12
J11(12) = 1,
13
J3(13) = 1
14
J2(14) = 1
15
J4(15) = 1,
16
J15(16) = 1,
17
J6(17) = 1,
31
J6(12) = - 1,
J(12)2 = - 3
J(15)1= 3
J8(16) = - 1,
J3(17) = - 1,
J2(16) = 2,
J(17)1 = 5
J(16)1 = - 3
18
J3(18) = 1
19
J2(19) = 1
1A
J6(1A) = 1,
J(1A)1= 2
20
J1(10) = 0 &
J1(2) = 1
21
J20(21) = 1,
22
J2(22) = 1
23
J5(23) = 1,
J10(21) = - 1,
J3(21) = - 3,
J(21)1 = - 2
J3(23) = 6,
J(23)2 = 6
24 J11(24) = 1,
J6(24) = - 1,
J4(24) = 3,
J(24)2 = - 3
25
J17(25) = 1,
J9(25) = - 1,
J7(25) = 2,
J(25)2 = - 2
26
J6(26) = 1,
J(26)2 = - 3
27
J26(27) = 1,
J13(27) = - 1,
J9(27) = 2,
28
J2(28) = 1
29
J28(29) = 1,
J14(29) = - 1,
J3(29) = - 2
2A
J8(2A) = 1,
J(2A)1 = 3
30
J1(10) = 0 &
J2(3) = 1,
31
J15(31) = 1 ,
J8(31) = - 1,
32
J3(32) = 1
33
J6(33) = 1,
J3(33) = - 1
34
J6(34) = 1,
J3(34) = - 1
35
J3(35) = 1
36
J11(36) = 1 ,
37
J2(37) = 1
38
J37(38) = 1 ,
39
J6(39) = 1,
32
J7(36) = 2,
J19(38) = - 1,
J1(6) = - 1 &
J(27)5 = - 2
J1(3) = - 1
J3(31) = 5,
J(31)1 = - 3
J(36)2 = A
J5(38) = 3,
J2(7) = 2
J2(38)= - 2
J3(27) = - 3
3A
J7(3A) = 1,
40
41
J6(41) = 1,
42
J20(42) = 1,
J10(42) = - 1,
J3(42) = - 3
43
j42(43) = 1,
j21(43) = - 1,
j18(43) = -2,
44
j4(44) = 1
45
J1A(45) = 1,
j8(45) =2,
46
j5(46) = 1,
j1(2) = 1 &
47
j15(47) = 1,
jA(47) = -2,
48
j11(48) = 1,
j5(48) = 7,
49
j24(49) = 1,
j12(49) = - 1,
j9(49) = 4,
j(49)4 = - 4
4A
j17(4A) = 1,
J9(4A) = - 1,
j4(4A) = 7,
J(4A)1 = 5
50
J1(10) = 0 &
J1(5) = 1
51
J6(51) = 1, J(51)1 = - 5
52
J6(52) = 1, J2(52) = 7
53
j26(53) = 1,
j13(53) = - 1,
j3(53) = - 3
54
j53(54) = 1,
j27(54) = - 1,
j7(54) = 2, J2(54) = 3
55
J2(55) = 1
56
J4(56) = 1,
J2(56) = - 1
57
J28(57) = 1,
J14(57) = - 1,
58
J6(58) = 1,
J2(58) = - 5
59
J15(59) = 1,
J7(59) = 3,
5A
j11(5A) = 1,
j8(5A) = - 4,
60
J1(10) = 0 &
J2(6) = 1,
33
J3(3A) = - 2
J1(4) = - 1
J(41)1 = - 4,
J1(5) = 1 &
J3(9) = - 1
j(43)7 = -3,
j5(45) = -11
j(23)2 = 6
j4(47) = 4
j(48)2 = -3
J(57)5 = - 5
J(59)3 = - 5
j(5A)4 = - 4
J1(6) = - 1,
J2(57) = - 3
j(43)4 = 2
61
j60(61) = 1,
j30(61) = - 1,
62
j15(62) = 1,
j7(62) = 3,
63
j20(63) = 1,
j10(63) = - 1,
64
j3(64) = 1
65
j64(65) = 1,
j32(65) = - 1,
66
j6(66) = 1,
j2(8) = 1 &
67
j66(67) = 1,
j33(67) = - 1,
68
j6(68) = 1,
j3(68) = - 1,
69
jA(69) = 1,
j(69)3 = - 4
6A
j6(6A) = 1,
j(6A)1 = 7
70
j1 (10) = 0 &
j3( 7 ) = 1,
71
j11 (71) = 1,
j3 ( 71) = 5
72
j36(72) = 1,
73
j4(73) = 1,
74
j4A(74) = 1,
j25(74) = - 1,
75
j37(75) = 1,
j19(75) = - 1,
j5(75) = 3
76
j38(76) = 1,
j25(76) = 11,
j11(76) = - 2,
77
j6(77) = 1,
78
j15(78) = 1,
79
j7(79) = 1 OR
7A
j26(7A) = 1,
j9(7A) = 2,
80
j1 (10) = 0 &
j2( 8 ) = 1
81
j20 (81) = 1,
82
j6(82) = 1,
34
j13(61) = - 2,
j12(61) = 11,
j(62)3 = 7
j5(63) = 5,
j15(65) = 2,
j(63)2 = 4
j3(9) = - 1
j8(67) = 2,
J1(5) = 1 &
j6(67)= - 3
j2 (7) = 2
j21(72) = 2,
j7(72) = 4,
j3(72) = - 11
J(15)1= 3
J2(11) = 1 &
j8(74) = - 5,
J3(7) = 1,
j(74)2 = - 2
j3(76) = 3
J2(7) = 2
j(78)4 = - 4
j1(2) = 1 &
j10( 81) = - 1,
J1(A) = 1 &
j(61)5 = - 4
j7(3A) = - 1,
j3(3A) = - 2
j(7A) 4 = 7
j7 (81) = - 2,
J3(9) = - 1
j3(81) = - 4
83
j11(83) = 1,
j(83)2 = - 3
84
j20(84) = 1,
j10( 84) = - 1,
j6(84) = 9,
j( 84)4 = - 7
85
J28(85) = 1,
J14(85) = - 1,
J6(85) = 4,
J(85) 2 = A
86
J42(86) = 1,
J21(86) = - 1,
JA(86) = - 5,
87
J3(87) = 1
88
J8(88) = 1,
J2(8)= 1 &
89
j44(89) = 1,
j22(89) = - 1,
j10(89) = - 2,
8A
j1A(8A) = 1,
jA(8A) = - 3,
j(8A)4 = - 5
90
j1(10) = 0 &
j6(9) = 1,
91
jA(91) = 1,
j(91)! = - 1
J(86)7 = - 3
J2(11) = 1
j(89)2 = - 4
j3(9) = - 1
Here the first 10 digits are the same digits of the decimal system 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and 9.The remaining two
digit are the symbol A and B representing decimal values 10 and 11. Each position in this number system
represents a power of the base (12).
Divisor
d
2
j1(2) = 0
j1(3) = 0
j1(4) = 0
j4(5) = 1,
j1(6) = 0
j6(7) = 1,
j2(8) = 0
35
Divisibility rule/test
Jg(d) = m / J(d)g = m
j2(5) = - 1
j3(7) = - 1
j2(9) = 0
j1(2) = 0 &
j1(B) = 1
10
j1(10) = 0
11
j2(11) = 1
12
j1(2) = 0 &
j6(7) = 1,
j3(7) = - 1
13
j1(3) = 0 &
j4(5) = 1,
j2(5) = - 1
14
j2(14) = 0
15
j14(15) = 1,
j8(15) = - 1,
16
j1(2) = 0 &
j2(9) = 0
17
j6(17) = 1,
j3(17) = - 1
18
j1(4) = 0 &
j4(5) = 1,
j2(5) = - 1
19
j1(3) = 0 &
j6(7) = 1,
j3(7) = - 1
1A
j1(2) = 0 &
j1(B) = 1
1B
jB(1B) = 1,
j3(1B) = 3,
20
j2(20) = 0
21
j18(21) = 1,
jA(21) = - 1,
22
j1(2) = 0 &
j2(11) = 1
23
j3(23) = 0
24
j1(4) = 0 &
j6(7) = 1
25
j4(25) = 1,
j2(25) = - 1
26
j1(6) = 0 &
j4(5) = 1
27
j26(27) = 1,
j13(27) = - 1,
28
j3(28) = 0
36
J4(5) = 1,
j2(5) = - 1
j6(15) = 2,
j(15)2 = - 2
j(1B)1 = 2
j3(21) = 3,
j(21)1 = - 2
j3(7) = - 1
j2(5) = - 1
j6(27) = 2,
j(27)3 = - 4
29
j1(3) = 0 &
j1(B) = 1
2A
j1(2) = 0 &
j14(15) = 1,
j8(15) = - 1,
2B
j10(2B) = 1,
j7(2B) = - 2,
j(2B)1 = 3
30
j2(30) = 0
31
j9(31) = 1,
j(31)3 = A,
j(31)1 = - 3
32
j1(2) = 0 &
j6(17) = 1,
j3(17) = - 1
33
j1(3) = 0 &,
34
j2(8) = 0 &
j4(5) = 1,
35
j34(35) = 1,
j18(35) = - 1,
36
j1(6) = 0,
37
j36(37) = 1,
j19(37) = - 1,
38
j1(4) = 0 &
j1(B) = 1
39
j2(9) = 0 &
j4(5) = 1,
3A
j1(2) = 0 &
jB(1B) = 1,
3B
j1B(3B) = 1,
40
j1(3) = 0 &
j2(14) = 0
41
j36(41) = 1,
42
j6(15) = 1,
j(15)2 = - 2
j2(11) = 1
j6(7) = 1,
j2(5) = - 1
j5(35) = 3
j(35) 2 = 2
j3(7) = - 1
j13(37) = 2,
j(37)6 = - 2,
j(37)1 = - 21
j2(5) = - 1
j(1B)1 = 2
j7(3B) = - 5,
j2(3B) = 3
j19(41) = - 1,
jA(41) = 2,
j5(41) = A
j1(2) = 0 &
j18(21) = 1,
jA(21) = - 1,
j3(21) = 3,
j(21)1 = - 2
43
j1(3) = 0 &
j14(15) = 1,
j8(15) = - 1,
j6(15) = 2,
j(15)2 = - 2
44
j1(4) = 0 &
j1(B) = 1
45
j44(45) = 1,
j22(45) = - 1,
jB(45) = 2,
j5(45) = - 3
46
j3(46) = 0
47
j4(47) = 1
48
j2(8) = 0 &
37
jB(3B) = 2,
j3(1B) = 3,
j6(7) = 1,
j3(7) = - 1
j2(41) = - 3
49
j1(3) = 0 &
j6(17) = 1,
j3(17) = - 1
4A
j1(2) = 0 &
j4(25) = 1,
j2(25) = - 1
4B
j25(4B) = 1,
jB(4B) = 3,
j(4B)5 = - 2,
50
j1(10) = 0 &
j4(5) = 1,
51
j13(51) = 1,
j4 (51) = - 4,
52
j1(2) = 0 &
j26(27) = 1,
53
j2(9) = 0 &
j6(7) = 1,
54
j3(54) = 0
55
j4(55) = 1
56
j1(6) = 0 &
57
J56(57) = 1,
58
j1(4) = 0 &
j14(15) = 1,
j8(15) = - 1,
59
j1(3) = 0 &
jB(1B) = 1,
j3(1B) = 3,
5A
j1(2) = 0 &
j10(2B) = 1,
j7(2B) = - 2,
5B
J2B(5B) = 1,
j1B(5B) = A,
60
j2(60) = 0
61
J30(61) = 1,
j16(61) = - 1,
62
j1(2) = 0 &
j9(31) = 1,
63
j1(3) = 0 &
j18(21) = 1,
64
j1(4) = 0 &
j6(17) = 1,
65
J1 (B) = 1 &
j6(7) = 1
66
j1(6) = 0 &
j2(11) = 1
67
j22(67) = 1,
J11(67) = - 1,
68
j2(14) = 0 &
38
j(4B)1 = 5
j2(5) = - 1
j(51)3 = - 3
j13(27) = - 1,
j6(27) = 2,
j(27)3 = - 4
j3(7) = - 1
j1(B) = 1
j29(57) = - 1,
j4(5) = 1,
j9(57) = 3,
j(57)4 = - 2
j6(15) = 2,
j(15)2 = - 2
j(1B)1 = 2
j(2B)1 = 3
j(5B)3 = 3
j(61)3 = 3
j(31)3 = A,
jA(21) = - 1,
j3(17) = - 1
j3(7) = - 1
j(67)3 = - 8
j2(5) = - 1
j(31)1 = - 3
j3(21) = 3,
j(21)1 = - 2
69
j4(69) = 0
6A
j1(2) = 0 &
j34(35) = 1,
j18(35) = - 1,
j5(35) = 3
J5(6B) = - 2,
j(6B)9 = 3
j(6B)3 = B
j13(37) = 2,
j(37)6 = - 2,
6B
j35(6B) = 1,
JA(6B) = 4,
70
j1(10) = 0 &
j6(7) = 1,
71
j14(71) = 1,
J4(71) = - 4,
72
j1(2) = 0 &
j36(37) = 1,
j19(37) = - 1,
73
j1(3) = 0 &
j4(25) = 1,
j2(25) = - 1
74
j2(8) = 0 &
J1 (B) = 1
75
j8(75) = 1,
j(35) 2 = 2
j3(7) = - 1
j(71)3 = - 3
j(37)1 = - 21
J4(75) = - 1
76
j1(2) = 0 &
j2(9) = 0 &
77
j6(77) = 1,
J3(77) = - 1
78
j1(4) = 0 &
79
J4(5) = 1,
j2(5) = - 1
jB(1B) = 1,
j3(1B) = 3,
j(1B)1 = 2
j1(3) = 0 &
j26(27) = 1,
j13(27) = - 1,
7A
j1(2) = 0 &
j1B(3B) = 1,
jB(3B) = 2,
j7(3B) = - 5,
j2(3B) = 3
7B
jC(7B) = 1,
J8(7B) = B,
j(7B)4 = B OR
j4(5) = 1,
j2(5) = - 1 &
j6(17) = 1,
80
j1(3) = 0 &
j3(28) = 0
81
j14(81) = 1,
J8(81) = - 1,
82
j1(2) = 0 &
j36(41) = 1,
j19(41) = - 1,
jA(41) = 2,
j5(41) = A
j2(41) = - 3
83
j2(9) = 0 &
J1 (B) = 1
84
j1(4) = 0 &
j18(21) = 1,
jA(21) = - 1,
j3(21) = 3,
j(21)1 = - 2
j6(27) = 2,
J(81)1 = - 8
39
j(27)3 = - 4
j3(17) = - 1
Here the first 10 digits are the same digits of the decimal system 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and 9.The remaining three
digits are the symbol A,B and C representing decimal values 1o,11and 12. Each position in this number system
represents a power of the base (13)
Divisor
d
2
j1(2) = 1
j1(3) = 1
j1(4) = 1
j4(5) = 1,
j1(6) = 1
j2(7) = 1,
j2(8) = 1
j3(9) = 1
j4(A) = 1
jA(B) = 1,
j1(C) = 1
Divisibility rule/test
Jg(d) = m / J(d)g = m
j2(5) = - 1
j1(7) = - 1
j5(B) = - 1,
j2(B) = 4
10
j1(10) = 0
11
j2(11) = 1
12
j4(12) = 1,
j2(12) = 4
13
j4(13) = 1
j(13)1 = 5
14
j4(14) = 1,
j2(14) = - 1
15
j3(15) = 1
16
j15(16) = 1,
j9(16) = - 1,
17
j4(17) = 1,
j(17)1 = - 3
18
j2(18) = 1
19
jA(19) = 1,
40
j5(19) = - 1,
j4(16) = 4,
j(19)2 = 3
j(16)2 = - A
1A
JB(1A) = 1,
1B
j2(1B) = 1
1C j17(1C) = 1,
20
j1(10) = 0 &
21
j9(21) = 1,
22
j2(22) = 1
23
j11(23) = 1,
24
j4(24) = 1
25
j5(1A) = 4,
jA(1C) = - 1,
j(1A)3 = 2
j3(1C) = - 3,
j1(2) = 1
j4(21) = - 5,
j(21)1 = - 2
j7(23) = - 1,
j(23)3 = 4
j24(25) = 1,
j12(25) = - 1,
j9(25) = - 2
26
j8(26) = 1,
j5(26) = - 3,
j(26)3 = - 3
27
jA(27) = 1,
j6(27) = - 2,
j2(27) = 4
28
j4(28) = 1,
j2(28) = - 1
29
j4(29) = 1,
j(29)1 = - 8
2A
j3(2A) = 1
2B
j2A(2B) = 1,
j15(2B) = - 1,
2C
j15(2C) = 1,
j9(2C) = - 1,
30
j1(10) = 0 &
j1(3) = 1
31
j4(31) = 1,
j(31)1 = - 3
32
j31(32) = 1,
j17(32) = - 1,
33
j2(33) = 1
34
j18(34) = 1,
jc(34) = - 2,
35
jA(35) = 1,
j3(35) = - 3
36
jC(36) = 1,
j5(36) = - 2,
j(36) 2 = 4
37
jB(37) = 1,
j4(37) = - 5,
j(37) 2 = 3
41
j(1C)1 = 2
j5(2B) = - 2,
j(25)4= - 3
J(2B)2 = -7
j5(2C) = - 5,
j(2C)1 = 3
j6(32) = 2,
j(32)2 = - 8
j3(34) = 4
38
j37(38) = 1,
39
j4(39) = 1,
3A
j11(3A) = 1,
j7(3A) = - 1,
j(3A)3 = 6
3B
j17(3B) = 1,
jA(3B) = - 1,
j3(3B) = - 3
3C
j4(3C) = 1,
j(3C)1 = 4
40
j1(10) = 0 &
j1(4) = 1
41
j10(41) = 1,
42
j9(42) = 1,
j4(42) = - 5,
j2(42) = 7
43
j17(43) = 1,
jB(43) = 2,
j3(43) = - 3
44
j2(44) = 1
45
j15(45) = 1,
j4(45) = 4,
j(45)4 = - 11,
46
j11(46) = 1,
j7(46) = - 1,
j2(46) = - 5
47
j46(47) = 1,
j23(47) = - 1,
j(47)9 = 2,
48
j1(3) = 1 &
j1(4) = 1 &
49
j3(49) = 1
4A
j24(4A) = 1,
4B
j6(4B) = 1 then
4C
j13(4C) = 1,
j6(4C) = - 7,
50
j1(10) = 0 &
j4(5) = 1,
j2(5) = - 1
51
j1(6) = 1 &
jA(B) = 1,
j5(B) = - 1,
52
j51(52) = 1,
j27(52) = - 1,
53
j4(53) = 1,
j(53)1 = 21 OR
j4(14) = 1,
54
jB(54) = 1,
j5(54) = 4 OR
j(1A)3 = 2 &
j1(3) = 1
55
j4(55) = 1 OR
j4(5) = 1,
j2(5) = - 1
42
j1A(38) = - 1,
jA(38) = 2,
j6(38) = 3,
j(38)3 = - 4
j(39)1 = - B
j4(41) = - 6,
j(41)1 = - 4
j4(5) = 1
j12(4A) = - 1,
j3(9) = 1 &
j2(45) = - 2
j4(47) = 5
j2(5) = - 1
j8(4A) = 7,
j(4A)4 = - 3
j2(7) = 1
j(4C)3 = - 3
j2(11) = 1 &
j2(B) = 4 OR
jA(51) = 1,
j7(52) = 2,
j(52)4 = - 7
j9(52) = 3
j2(14) = - 1 &
j(51)3 = 7,
j1(4) = 1
j(51)1 = - 5
56
j55(56) = 1,
j29(56) = - 1,
j16(56) = - 2,
57
j6(57) = 1 OR
58
j57(58) = 1,
j2A(58) = - 1,
j13(58) = 2,
59
j1(2) = 1 &
j2A(2B) = 1,
j15(2B) = - 1,
5A
5B
j1(4) = 1 &
j15(16) = 1,
j9(16) = - 1,
J15(5B) = 1,
j8(5B) = - 3,
j3(5B) = - 7
j2(8) = 1 &
j7(56) = - 5,
j3(56) = - 4
j3(9) = 1
jB(58) = 5,
j5(2B) = - 2,
j4(16) = 4,
J(2B)2 = -7
j17(5A) = 1, j9(5A) = - 2,
j(5A)2=4
j(16)2 = - A OR
JA(5C) = 1,
j5(5C) = - 1,
60
j1(10) = 0 &
j1(6) = 1
61
j30(61) = 1,
j1A(61) = 4,
62
j4(62) = 1
63
j21(63) = 1,
j14(63) = - 2,
j7(63) = 4,
j(63)3 = - 8
64
j31(64) = 1,
j17(64) = - 1,
j5(64) = - 3,
j2(64) = 5
65
j64(65) = 1,
j32(65) = -1,
j8(65) = - 2,
j2(65) = 3
66
j2(66) = 1
67
j4(67) = 1,
j2(67) = - 1
68
j1(2) = 1 &
j18(34) = 1,
jc(34) = - 2,
j3(34) = 4 OR
j18(68) = 1,
j8(68) = -5,
j2(68) = - 3
69
j1(3) = 1 &
j11(23) = 1,
j7(23) = - 1,
j(23)3 = 4 OR
j11(69) = 1,
j(69)3 = 4,
j2(69) = - 5
6A
jA(6A) = 1,
j3(6A) = - 3 OR
6B
j6A(6B) = 1,
j35(6B) = -1,
6C
j3(9) = 1 &
j4(A) = 1
70
j1(10) = 0 &
71
j1(4) = 1 &
72
j1(3) = 1 & j24(25) = 1, j12(25) = - 1, j9(25) = - 2, j(25)4= - 3 OR j24(72) = 1, j9(6B) = -2, j(72)5 = - 5
j7(61) = 2,
j2(7) = 1,
j3(58) = 7
5C
43
j(5C)1 = 6 OR
j(58)6 = 3,
j13(6B) = 2,
j1(7) = - 1
JB(1A) = 1,
j5(1A) = 4,
jA(B) = 1,
j5(B) = - 1,
j2(B) = 4
j(61)1 = - 6
j2(8) = 1 &
j2(7) = 1,
j1(7) = - 1 &
jA(B) = 1,
j5(B) = - 1,
j2(B) = 4
j(6B)5 = - 6
j(1A)3 = 2
73
j1(2) = 1 &
j37(38) = 1,
j1A(38) = - 1,
74
j4(5) = 1,
j2(5) = - 1 &
75
j1(3) = 1 &
j8(26) = 1,
76
j75(76) = 1,
j39(76) = -1,
77
j1(2) = 1 &
j11(3A) = 1,
78
j3(9) = 1 &
jA(B) = 1,
79
jA(38) = 2,
j6(38) = 3,
j(38)3 = - 4
j15(16) = 1,
j9(16) = - 1,
j4(16) = 4,
j(16)2 = - A
j5(26) = - 3,
j(26)3 = - 3 OR
j28(76) = 2,
j7(3A) = - 1,
j5(B) = - 1,
j19(76) = 3,
j8(75) = 1,
j(76)11 = 2,
j3(75) = - B
j(76)7 = - 11,
j(76)1 = 12
j(3A)3 = 6
j2(B) = 4
jA(1C) = - 1,
j3(1C) = - 3,
j(1C)1 = 2
Here the first 10 digits are the same digits of the decimal system 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and 9.The remaining four
digits are the symbol A,B ,C and D representing decimal values 10,11, 12and 13. Each position in this number
system represents a power of the base (14)
Divisor
d
Divisibility rule/test
Jg(d) = m / J(d)g = m
j1(2) = 0
j2(3) = 1,
j1(3) = - 1
j2(4) = 0,
j1(4) = 2
j2(5) = 1,
j1(5) = - 1
j1(2) = 0 &
j1(7) = 0
j3(8) = 0,
j2(8) = 4
j6(9) = 1
j3(9) = -1
j1(2) = 0 &
44
j2(3) = 1,
j2(5) = 1,
j1(3) = - 1
j1(5) = - 1
j5(B) = 1,
j2(4) = 0,
j1(D) = 1
j2(B) = - 2
j1(4) = 2 &
j2(3) = 1,
10
j1(10) = 0
11
j2(11) = 1,
j1(11) = - 1
12
j4(12) = 0,
j2(12) = 4
13
j12(13) = 1,
j8(13) = - 1,
14
j1(2) = 0 &
j6(9) = 1
15
j14(15) = 1
j9(15) = - 1,
16
j2(4) = 0,
17
j1(3) = - 1
j(13)2 = 2
j3(9) = -1
j4(15) = - 2,
j1(4) = 2 &
j2(5) = 1,
j1(7) = 0 &
j2(3) = 1,
j1(3) = - 1
18
j1(2) = 0 &
j5(B) = 1,
19
j18(19) = 1,
jB(19) = -1,
1A
j3(8) = 0,
1B
jA(1B) = 1,
j5(1B) = - 1,
1C
j1(2) = 0 &
j12(D) = 1,
1D
j14(1D) = 1
j9(1D) = - 1,
j4(1D) = - 5,
20
j3(20) = 0
21
j20(21) = 1,
j10(21) = - 1,
j9(21) = 3,
22
j2(3) = 1,
23
j11(23) = 1,
24
j5(24) = 0,
25
j2(3) = 1,
26
j1(2) = 0 &
45
j(15)1 = - 4
j1(5) = - 1
j2(B) = - 2
j2(8) = 4 &
j1(3) = - 1 &
j9(23) = 4,
j6(19) = 3,
j2(3) = 1,
j(19)2 = 2
j1(3) = - 1
j2(1B) = - 4
j8(D) = - 1,
j(D)2 = 2
j1(2) = 0 &
j(1D)1 = 2
j6(21) = 5,
j2(5) = 1,
j5(23) = 5,
j(23)3 = 2
j2(24) = 4
j1(3) = - 1 &
j12(13) = 1,
j5(B) = 1,
j2(B) = - 2
j8(13) = - 1,
j(13)2 = 2
j(21)1 = - 2
j1(5) = - 1
27
j1(7) = 0 &
j2(5) = 1,
j1(5) = - 1
28
j2(4) = 0 &
j6(9) = 1
j3(9) = -1
29
jC(29) = 1
j6(29) = - 1,
2A
j1(2) = 0 &
j14(15) = 1
2B
j1(D) = 1 &
j2(3) = 1
2C
j2(5) = 1,
2D
j8(2D) = 1,
j4(2D) = - 1,
30
j1(2) = 0 &
j1(7) = 0 &
31
j17(31) = 1
j11(31) = - 2,
32
j2(4) = 0 &
j5(B) = 1,
33
j6(33) = 1
34
j1(2) = 0 &
j18(19) = 1,
jB(19) = -1,
j6(19) = 3,
35
j19(35) = 1,
j9(35) = 4,
j5(35) = 3,
j(35)7 = 2,
36
j2(3) = 1 &
j4(12) = 0,
j2(12) = 4
37
j2(37) = 0
38
j1(2) = 0 &
jA(1B) = 1,
j5(1B) = - 1,
j2(1B) = - 4
39
j2(3) = 1 &
j12(13) = 1,
j8(13) = - 1,
j(13)2 = 2
3A
j2(4) = 0,
3B
j3A(3B) = 1,
j1C(3B) = - 1,
3C
j1(2) = 0 &
j14(1D) = 1
3D
j2(5) = 1,
j1(5) = - 1 &
40
j1(7) = 0 &
j3(8) = 0,
41
j2(3) = 1 &
j14(15) = 1
j9(15) = - 1,
42
j1(2) = 0 &
j20(21) = 1,
j10(21) = - 1,
46
j3(29) = 6
j9(15) = - 1,
j1(5) = - 1 &
j4(15) = - 2,
j3(8) = 0,
j(15)1 = - 4
j2(8) = 4
j(2D)1 = 3
j2(3) = 1
j9(31) = 4,
j(31)4 = - 5,
j(31)1 = - 3
j2(B) = - 2
j3(33) = -1
j1(4) = 2 &
j(19)2 = 2
j2(35) = 8
j1(D) = 1
j7(3B) = 2,
j9(1D) = - 1,
j5(B) = 1
j(3B)4 = - 6
j4(1D) = - 5,
j(1D)1 = 2
j2(B) = - 2
j2(8) = 4
j4(15) = - 2,
j(15)1 = - 4
j9(21) = 3,
j6(21) = 5,
j(21)1 = - 2
43
j42(43) = 1
j21(43) = -1,
44
j2(4) = 0 &
j2(11) = 1,
45
j6(45) = 1,
j3(45) = - 1
46
j1(2) = 0 &
j11(23) = 1,
47
j1(7) = 0 &
j6(9) = 1
48
j6(48) = 0,
j2(48) = 4
49
j2(5) = 1,
j1(5) = - 1 &
j1(D) = 1
4A
j1(2) = 0 &
j2(3) = 1 &
j5(B) = 1,
4B
jB(4B) = 1,
j6(4B) = 9,
j3(4B) = - 3
4C
j2(4) = 0 &
j12(13) = 1,
4D
j2(3) = 1 &
j18(19) = 1,
jB(19) = -1,
50
j1(2) = 0 &
j1(7) = 0 &
j2(5) = 1,
51
jA(51) = 1,
j5(51) = - 1,
j(51)1 = - 5
52
j3(8) = 0,
53
j52(53) = 1,
j28(53) = - 1,
54
j1(2) = 0 &
jC(29) = 1
55
j2(3) = 1 &
jA(1B) = 1,
j5(1B) = - 1,
j2(1B) = - 4
56
j2(4) = 0 &
j14(15) = 1
j9(15) = - 1,
j4(15) = - 2,
57
j1(7) = 0 &
j5(B) = 1,
58
j1(2) = 0 &
j2(3) = 1 &
59
j1C(59) = 1,
jD(59) = - 1,
5A
j2(5) = 1 &
j4(12) = 0,
5B
j3C(5B) = 1,
j1D(5B) = - 1,
5C
j1(2) = 0 &
j8(2D) = 1,
47
jB(43) = -5,
j(43)5 = - 3,
j(43)3 = 2
j5(23) = 5,
j(23)3 = 2
j1(11) = - 1
j9(23) = 4,
j3(9) = -1
j2(B) = - 2
j8(13) = - 1,
j2(8) = 4 &
j6(9) = 1
j(13)2 = 2
j6(19) = 3,
j(19)2 = 2
j1(5) = - 1
j3(9) = -1
j12(53) = 2,
j6(29) = - 1,
j(53)6 = - 3,
j3(29) = 6
j2(B) = - 2
j1(D) = 1
j5(59) = - 8,
j(59)3 = 11
j2(12) = 4
j8(5B) = - 2,
j4(2D) = - 1,
j(53)4 = - 4
j(5B)3 = 8
j(2D)1 = 3
j(15)1 = - 4
5D
j5C(5D) = 1
j2D(5D) = - 1,
60
j2(4) = 0 &
j1(7) = 0 &
61
j2(5) = 1,
j8(5D) = 3,
j(5D)9 = 2,
j3(5D) = 5,
62
j1(2) = 0 &
j17(31) = 1
j11(31) = - 2,
j9(31) = 4,
j(31)4 = - 5,
j(31)1 = - 3
63
j2(3) = 1 &
j20(21) = 1,
j10(21) = - 1,
j9(21) = 3,
j6(21) = 5,
j(21)1 = - 2
64
j3(8) = 0,
65
j64(65) = 1
j32(65) = - 1,
66
j1(2) = 0 &
j2(5) = 1,
67
j1(7) = 0 &
j1(D) = 1
68
j2(4) = 0 &
j18(19) = 1,
69
j2(3) = 1 &
j11(23) = 1,
6A
j1(2) = 0 &
j19(35) = 1,
6B
j2(5) = 1,
6C
j2(3) = 1
j1(5) = - 1 &
j2(8) = 4 &
jB(5D) = 11,
j12(13) = 1,
j5(B) = 1,
j8(13) = - 1,
j(13)2 = 2
j2(B) = - 2
j(65)8 = 2,
j5(65) = - 3
j1(5) = - 1 &
j6(9) = 1
jB(19) = -1,
j6(19) = 3,
j9(23) = 4,
j3(9) = -1
j5(23) = 5,
j(19)2 = 2
j(23)3 = 2
j9(35) = 4,
j5(35) = 3,
j(35)7 = 2,
j1(5) = - 1 &
j14(15) = 1
j9(15) = - 1,
j4(15) = - 2,
j2(3) = 1 &
j5(24) = 0,
j2(24) = 4
6D
j6C(6D) = 1,
j36(6D) = - 1,
70
j1(2) = 0 &
71
j6(9) = 1
72
j2(4) = 0 &
j13(6D) = - 5,
j(6D)A = - 3,
j2(35) = 8
j(15)1 = - 4
j4(6D) = 4,
j2(6D) = 2
j2(37) = 0
j3(9) = -1 & j5(B) = 1,
jA(1B) = 1,
j2(B) = - 2
j5(1B) = - 1,
j2(1B) = - 4
Divisor
d
2
48
j1(2) = 1
Divisibility rule/test
Jg(d) = m / J(d)g = m
j1(3) = 0
j2(4) = 1,
j1(5) = 0
j1(3) = 0 &
j1(7) = 1
j2(8) = 1,
j2(9) = 0
j1(2) = 1 &
j5(B) = 1,
j1(3) = 0 &
j2(4) = 1,
j1(4) = - 1
jC(D) = 1,
j6(D) = - 1,
j(D)2 = - 3
j1(E) = 1
j1(4) = - 1
j1(2) = 1
j1(8) = - 1
j1(5) = 0
j(B)1 = 3
10
j1(10) = 0
11
j2(11) = 1
12
j8(12) = 1,
j4(12) = - 1,
13
j2(9) = 0 &
j1(2) = 1
14
j13(14) = 1,
j9(14) = - 1,
15
j1(5) = 0 &
j2(4) = 1,
16
j1(3) = 0 &
j1(7) = 1
17
j1(2) = 1 &
j5(B) = 1,
18
j17(18) = 1,
jB(18) = - 1,
19
j1(3) = 0 &
j2(8) = 1,
j1(8) = - 1
1A
j2(1A) = 0
1B
j1(2) = 1 &
jC(D) = 1,
j6(D) = - 1,
49
j2(12) = 4
j5(14) = 2,
j(14)1 = - 5
j1(4) = - 1
j(B)1 = 3
j4(18) = 2,
j(18)1 = - 3
j(D)2 = - 3
1C
j3(1C) = 0
1D
j2(4) = 1,
1E
j1D(1E) = 1,
jE(1E) = -1,
20
j1(10) = 0 &
j1(2) = 1
21
jA(21) = 1,
22
j2(22) = 1
23
j1(3) = 0 &
j5(B) = 1,
j(B)1 = 3
24
j1(2) = 1 &
j8(12) = 1,
j4(12) = - 1,
25
j1(5) = 0 &
j1(7) = 1
26
j2(9) = 0 &
j2(4) = 1,
27
j26(27) = 1,
j13(27) = - 1,
28
j1(2) = 1 &
j13(14) = 1,
29
j1(3) = 0 &
jC(D) = 1,
j6(D) = - 1,
2A
j1(5) = 0 &
j2(8) = 1,
j1(8) = - 1
2B
j2A(2B) = 1,
j15(2B) = -1,
2C
j1(3) = 0 &
j1(E) = 1
2D
j16(2D) = 1,
2E
j2(4) = 1,
30
j2(30) = 0
31
j1(2) = 1 &
j17(18) = 1,
jB(18) = - 1,
j4(18) = 2,
32
j31(32) = 1,
j18(32) = - 1,
jE(32) = -2,
j5(32) = - 4,
33
j1(3) = 0 &
j2(11) = 1
34
j7(34) = 1,
j3(34) = - 6
50
j1(4) = - 1 &
j1(7) = 1
j9(1E) = -3,
j5(21) = -1,
j(1E)1 = 2
j(21)1 = - 2
j2(12) = 4
j1(4) = - 1
j10(2D) = 4,
j1(4) = - 1 &
j(1E)2 = 4,
j7(27) = - 2,
j(27)4 = - 4,
j9(14) = - 1,
j5(14) = 2,
j(14)1 = - 5
j(D)2 = - 3
j10(2B) = - 3,
j5(2D) = -5,
j5(B) = 1,
j2(27) = 3
j6(2B) = 5,
j(2B)2 = - 2
j(2D)3 = - 2
j(B)1 = 3
j(18)1 = - 3
j4(32) = 6
35
j1(2) = 1 &
j2(1A) = 0
36
j1(3) = 0 &
j8(12) = 1,
37
j2(4) = 1,
38
jD(38) = 1,
j(38)2 = - 4
39
j1(2) = 1 &
j3(1C) = 0
3A
j1(5) = 0 &
j5(B) = 1,
j(B)1 = 3
3B
j1(7) = 1 &
j2(8) = 1,
j1(8) = - 1
3C
j1(3) = 0 &
j13(14) = 1,
j9(14) = - 1,
j5(14) = 2,
j(14)1 = - 5
3D
j1(2) = 1 &
j1D(1E) = 1,
jE(1E) = -1,
j9(1E) = -3,
j(1E)2 = 4,
3E
j1E(3E) = 1,
je(3E) = - 2,
j4(3E) = 3,
j(3E)1 = 4
40
j2(4) = 1,
41
j10(41) = 1
j(41)3 = - 3,
42
j1(2) = 1 &
jA(21) = 1,
43
j1(7) = 1 &
j2(9) = 0
44
j4(44) = 1
j(44)1 = - 12
45
j1(5) = 0 &
jC(D) = 1,
46
j1(3) = 0 &
j1(2) = 1 &
j5(B) = 1,
47
jB(47) = 1,
j5(47) = - 3,
j(47) 4= - 5
48
j2(4) = 1,
49
j1(3) = 0 &
j17(18) = 1,
4A
j1(5) = 0 &
j1(E) = 1
4B
j25(4B) = 1,
j8(4B) = 4,
4C
j2(9) = 0 &
j2(8) = 1,
4D
j4C(4D) = 1,
51
j1(4) = - 1 &
j1(4) = - 1 &
j1(4) = - 1 &
j4(12) = - 1,
jC(D) = 1,
j2(12) = 4
j6(D) = - 1,
j(D)2 = - 3
j(1E)1 = 2
j1(10) = 0
j(41)1 = - 4
j5(21) = -1,
j6(D) = - 1,
j8(12) = 1,
jB(18) = - 1,
j(4B)6 = 3,
j(21)1 = - 2
j(D)2 = - 3
j(B)1 = 3
j4(12) = - 1,
j4(18) = 2,
j2(12) = 4
j(18)1 = - 3
j4(4B) = 2
j1(8) = - 1
j26(4D) = - 1,
j15(4D) = - 11,
j6(4D) = - 3,
j(4D)4 = - 2
4E
j1(2) = 1 &
j26(27) = 1,
j13(27) = - 1,
50
j1(3) = 0 &
j2(1A) = 0
51
j2(4) = 1,
52
j1(7) = 1 &
j5(B) = 1,
53
j1(3) = 0 &
j1(2) = 1 &
54
j1B(54) = 1,
jD(54) = - 1,
55
j1(5) = 0 &
j2(11) = 1
56
j4(56) = 0
57
j1(2) = 1 &
j2A(2B) = 1,
58
j57(58) = 1,
j2B(58) = - 1
59
j1(3) = 0 &
j2(4) = 1,
5A
j1(5) = 0 &
j8(12) = 1,
5B
j1(2) = 1 &
j16(2D) = 1,
j10(2D) = 4,
j5(2D) = -5,
5C
j1(3) = 0 &
j1D(1E) = 1,
jE(1E) = -1,
j9(1E) = -3,
5D
j2(8) = 1,
5E
j5D(5E) = 1,
j2E(5E) = - 1,
60
j2(30) = 0 &
j1(2) = 1
61
j1(7) = 1 &
jC(D) = 1,
62
j2(4) = 1,
63
j1(3) = 0 &
j1(4) = - 1 &
j7(27) = - 2,
j13(14) = 1,
j9(14) = - 1,
j5(14) = 2,
j2(27) = 3
j(14)1 = - 5
j(B)1 = 3
jC(D) = 1,
j6(D) = - 1,
j(54)4 = - 12
j15(2B) = -1,
j10(2B) = - 3,
j6(2B) = 5,
j(58)c = - 2,
j4(58) = - 5,
j(58)3 = - 3
j1(4) = - 1 &
j5(B) = 1,
j2(12) = 4
j(1E)1 = 2
j(D)2 = - 3
jB(18) = - 1,
jA(21) = 1,
j5(21) = -1,
j(21)1 = - 2
64
jE(32) = - 2,
65
j1(5) = 0 &
j13(14) = 1,
66
j1(3) = 0 &
j2(22) = 1
67
j66(67) = 1,
j33(67) = - 1,
jE(67) = 2,
j(1E)2 = 4,
j4(5E) = - 11
j17(18) = 1,
j9(14) = - 1,
j(2D)3 = - 2
j(B)1 = 3
jC(5E) = - 2,
j6(D) = - 1,
j(2B)2 = - 2
j1(7) = 1
j4(12) = - 1,
j1(8) = - 1 &
j(D)2 = - 3
j7(54) = - 8,
j1(4) = - 1 &
52
j(27)4 = - 4,
j4(18) = 2,
j(18)1 = - 3
j5(32) = - 4, j4(32) = 6
j5(14) = 2,
j8(67) = -11,
j(14)1 = - 5
j4(67) = - 9
68
j1(2) = 1 &
j7(34) = 1,
j3(34) = - 6
69
j2(9) = 0 &
j5(B) = 1,
j(B)1 = 3
6A
j2(1A) = 0 &
j2(4) = 1,
j1(4) = - 1
Divisor
d
2
j1(2) = 0
j1(3) = 1
j1(4) = 0
j1(5) = 1
j1(2) = 0 &
j3(7) = 1
j1(8) = 0
j3(9) = 1
Divisibility rule/test
Jg(d) = m / J(d)g = m
j1(3) = 1
j1(2) = 0 &
j1(5) = 1
j5(B) = 0 &
j2(B) = 3
j1(4) = 0 &
j1(3) = 1
j3(D) = 1
j1(2) = 0 &
j1(F) = 1
10
53
j1(10) = 0
j3(7) = 1
11
j2(11) = 1,
j1(11) = - 1
12
j1(2) = 0 &
j3(9) = 1
13
j9(13) = 0,
j(3)2 = - 2
14
j1(4) = 0 &
j1(5) = 1
15
j3(15) = 1
16
j1(2) = 0 &
j5(B) = 1,
17
jB(17) = 1,
j3(17) = 2
18
j1(8) = 0 &
j1(3) = 1
19
j5(19) = 1,
j(19)2 = - 4
1A
j1(2) = 0 &
j3(D) = 1
1B
j9(1B) = 1,
j(1B)2 = - 2
1C
j1(4) = 0 &
j3(7) = 1
1D
j7(1D) = 1,
j(1D)3 = - 4
1E
j1(2) = 0 &
j1(F) = 1
1F
j5(1F) = 1,
j(1F)1 = 2
20
j2(20) = 0
21
j5(21) = 1,
j(21)1 = - 2
22
j1(2) = 0 &
j2(11) = 1,
23
j3(23) = 1
24
j1(4) = 0 &
j3(9) = 1
25
j9(25) = 1,
j5(25) = - 4,
j(25)1 = 7
26
j1(2) = 0 &
j9(13) = 1,
j(13)2 = - 2
27
j3(27) = 1
28
j1(8) = 0 &
54
j1(5) = 1
j2(B) = 3
j1(11) = - 1
29
j5(29) = 1,
j(29)2 = - 4
2A
j1(2) = 0 &
j3(15) = 1
2B
j7(2B) = 1,
j2(2B) = - 2
2C
j1(4) = 0 &
j5(B) = 1,
2D
j3(2D) = 1
2E
j1(2) = 0 &
jB(17) = 1,
j3(17) = 2
2F
j17(2F) = 1,
j6(2F) = 2,
j(2F)1 = 3
30
j1(10) = 0 &
j1(3) = 1
31
j15(31) = 1,
j10(31) = 2,
j(31)5 = 2,
32
j1(2) = 0 &
j5(19) = 1,
j(19)2 = - 4
33
j1(3) = 1 &
j2(11) = 1,
j1(11) = - 1
34
j1(4) = 0 &
j3(D) = 1
35
jD(35) = 1,
j7(35) = - 4,
36
j1(2) = 0 &
j9(1B) = 1,
37
j5(37) = 1,
38
j1(8) = 0 &
j3(7) = 1
39
j9(39) = 1,
j5(39) = 4,
3A
j1(2) = 0 &
j7(1D) = 1,
j4(1D) = - 4
3B
j1D(3B) = 1,
jF(3B) = 4,
jA(3B) = 11,
3C
j1(4) = 0 &
j1(F) = 1
3D
jF(3D) = 1,
j8(3D) = - 4,
3E
j1(2) = 0 &
j5(1F) = 1,
3F
j3(3F) = 1,
j(3F)1 = 4
40
j2(40) = 0
55
j1(5) = 1 &
j2(B) = 3
j(35)6 = - 4,
j(31)1 = - 3
j(35)2 = - 6
j(1B)2 = - 2
j2(B) = 3
j(39)2 = - 2
j(3D)6 = - 3,
j(1F)1 = 2
j(3B)2 = 3
j(3D)2 = - 5
41
j3(41) = 1,
j2(41) = - 4,
42
j1(2) = 0 &
j5(21) = 1,
43
j21(43) = 1,
j19(43) = - 2,
44
j1(4) = 0 &
j2(11) = 1
j1(11) = - 1
45
jB(45) = 1,
j6(45) = 4,
j1(3) = 1 &
46
j1(2) = 0 &
j3(23) = 1
47
j23(47) = 1,
j9(47) = 2,
48
j1(8) = 0 &
j3(9) = 1
49
j9(49) = 1,
j5(49) = 4,
4A
j1(2) = 0 &
j9(25) = 1,
j5(25) = - 4,
4B
j1(3) = 1 &
j5(19) = 1,
j(19)2 = - 4
4C
j1(4) = 0 &
j9(13) = 1
j(13)2 = - 2
4D
j3(7) = 1 &
j5(B) = 1,
j2(B) = 3
4E
j1(2) = 0 &
j3(27) = 1
4F
j27(4F) = 1,
jA(4F) = 2,
50
j1(10) = 0 &
j1(5) = 1
51
j1B(51) = 1,
j7(51) = -2,
j4(51) = 7
52
j1(2) = 0 &
j5(29) = 1,
j(29)2 = - 4
53
j29(53) = 1,
j12(53) = 3,
54
j1(4) = 0 &
j3(15) = 1
55
j2(55) = 1
56
j1(2) = 0 &
j7(2B) = 1,
57
j7(57) = 1,
j3(57) = 7
58
j1(8) = 0 &
j5(B) = 1,
56
j(41)1 = - 4
j(21)1 = - 2
j(43)8 = - 2,
j4(43) = A
j3(17) = 2
j4(47) = 3
j(49)2 = 2
j(4F)4 = -7,
j7(53) = A
j2(2B) = - 2
j2(B) = 3
j1(25) = 7
j(4F)1 = 5
59
jB(59) = 1,
j3(59) = 2
5A
j1(2) = 0 &
j3(2D) = 1
5B
j3(5B) = 1
5C
j1(4) = 0 &
jB(17) = 1
5D
j5(5D) = 1,
j3(5D) = 4
j3(17) = 2
5E
j1(2) = 0 &
j17(2F) = 1,
5F
j9(5F) = 1,
j(5F)1 = 6
60
j2(20) = 0 &
61
jC(61) = 1,
j6(61) = - 1,
j(61)1 = - 6
62
j1(2) = 0 &
j15(31) = 1,
j10(31) = 2,
63
64
j1(4) = 0 &
j6(2F) = 2,
j(2F)1 = 3
j1(3) = 1
j5(19) = 1
j(31)5 = 2,
j(31)1 = - 3
j2(B) = 3
j(19)2 = - 4
Finally, we present here some properties of the above mentioned rules/tests. Here d is co-prime to the base and
all other variables are integers.
1
If d is a prime number
then Jd-1(d) = 1,
then Jn/2(d) = - 1,
If Jm(d) = a
and
J(d-1)/2 (d) = - 1
Acknowledgement: Our thanks are due to the manufacturers of 12-digit, 112 Steps Check & Correct, Cltllzen
Electronic Calculator, China.
V.&P.0. Shiv Pur,
Distt. Sirmour (H.P.) 173 025
INDIA
E-mail address:jagdishsaini723@gmail.com
57