Graphene, its Synthesis &

its Application in Drug

Delivery
Kshitij Chaudhary and Mohit Jindal(JMIT,
Radaur)

Introduction

Graphene

sp2 hybridized two dimensional lattice of carbon.

Discovered in 2004 by A. Guim and K.

Novoselov.

Extensive application in Biomedical Sciences,

Electronics and Material
Sciences.

Basic structural element of all carbon

Structure

2D aromatic honeycomb structure.

Each carbon atom forms three

bonds with its

neighbors and has a delocalized fourth electron.

Only carbon form in which every carbon is

available for reaction from two sides.

Self-healing property when bombarded with

carbon compounds

Properties

Exceptional chemical & physical properties.

High electronic conductivity, good thermal

stability.

Excellent mechanical strength .

Single layer graphene is hundred times more

chemically reactive than its thicker
counterparts.

Synthesis

Introduction

Various processes of synthesis include Metal

Exfoliation, Reduction of Oxide and Chemical
Vapor Deposition (CVD).

Graphene was first produced using Scotch

Tape to split carbon layers.

CVD is the most sought-after

synthesis technique.

Low Pressure Chemical

Vapour Deposition

Cheap and high yielding.

Ease of tailoring size, composition and shape.

Uses Copper as substrate for epitaxy.

Pre-treatment of Cu defines the properties of

graphene formed.

Low Pressure Chemical

Vapor Deposition

LPCVD uses CH4 as a source gas in presence

of H2.

Carbon deposits on copper as graphene while

hydrogen helps in removing impurities.

Characterized by Raman Spectroscopy.

Applications in AntiCancer Drug Delivery

Bio-medical Applications

Extensive Oxidation of graphene is done to form

Graphene Oxide (GO).
Drug is adsorbed via stacking.

Nano Graphene Oxide

Formed by converting micrometric lateral

dimensions to nano-metric size.

Grafted with Polyethylene Glycol to increase biocompatibility.

Enhanced properties include high solubility and

stability in salt and cellular solutions.

Reports indicate low cell toxicity.

NGO-PEG

Anti-Cancer Drug Carrier

Direct immobilization of anti-cancer drug

molecules (DOX) on graphene.

DOX, an anthracycline antibiotic, commonly

used in chemotherapy.

Very specific targeting of cancer cells.

Does not have the inherent disadvantage of

chemotherapy.

Conclusion

Graphene has exceptional properties.

Graphene and its derivative have numerous

applications in Bio-medicals.

The foremost challenge is the production of

uniform layer of graphene.

The application in Electronics, Chemistry and

Medicine also show promise.

THANK YOU