Constraints Definition:

Constraints enforce rules at the table level, constraints prevent the deletion of a table if there are
They are stored in the data dictionary. They can be defined either table level or column level.
The following constraints types are valid:
----not null
----unique
----primary key
----foreign key
----check
1) not null constraint Definition:
If not null constraint defined on a column it will restrict the null values.

2) Unique constraint Definition:

If unique constraint defined on a column it will restrict the the duplicate values.

3) Primary key Constraint Definition:

If primary key constraint defined on a column it will restrict the null and duplicate values.

4) Foreign key Constraint Definition:

This constraint is used to define a relation between 2 tables called as entity relation or parent-chi
If a parent-child relation is defined, then the values which are not existing in the parent column w
Into the child column.

5) Check Constraint Definition:

This constraint is used to define an user defined condition, if check constraint defined on a colum
It will restrict the values which are not satisfying the condition.

On delete cascade Definition:

If a foreign key constraint is defined by using the on delete cascade, then
if a parent record is deleted automatically the child records are also deleted.

On delete set null Definition:

If a foreign key constraint is defined by using the on delete set null, then
if a parent record is deleted automatically the child records will be set to null.

Composite primary key or candidate key Definition:

A primary key that consists of 2 or more attributes which is known as composite key.
Or
A candidate key is a combination of one or more columns, the values of which uniquely identify e

Cascading constraints Definition:

The cascade constraints clause drops all referential integrity constraints
that refer to the primary and unique keys defined on the dropped columns.

Alter Table Examples

Adding , Dropping, Disabling and Enabling Constraints:

alter table table_name
constraint constraint_name constraint_type(column);

add
Adding Constraints

alter table table_name

ENABLE constraint constraint_name;

Enabling Constraints

alter table table_name

DISABLE constraint constraint_name;

Disabling Constraints

alter table table_name

drop constraint constraint_name;

Dropping Constraints

Viewing Constraints:
User_constraints table to view all constraint definitions and names

View the columns associated with the constraint names in the

user_cons_columns.

Referential Integrity:
Maintaining data integrity through a set of rules that restrict the values of
one or more columns of the tables based on the values of primary key or
unique key of the referenced table.