Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Drivability Week 10
Drivability Week 10
• OBD II coding
• Readiness mode
• Monitors
• Multiplexing
• Turn on the MIL (CHECK ENGINE) if the computer senses a fault in a circuit or
system
• Flash the MIL if an engine misfire occurs that could damage the catalytic
converter
Types of DTCs
• Type A code
o A type A DTC is emission related and will cause the MIL to be turned on
the first trip if the computer has detected a problem. Engine misfire or
a very rich or lean air-fuel ratio. For example, would cause a type A
DTC. These codes alert the driver to an emission problem that may
cause damage to the catalytic converter
• Type B code
o A Type B code will be stored and the MIL will be turned on during the
second consecutive trip. Alerting the driver to the fact that a diagnostic
test was performed and failed.
OBD II test
• On vehicle start-up the PCM will run test on at least 7 systems (monitors)
• Each monitor test requires a key-on, engine run, drive, and key-off cycle –
called enabling criteria
• If the computer hasn’t completed its monitoring sequences – you wont have
data on whether you have a malfunction in that system
OBDII trip
• Trip – refers to starting and driving of the vehicle until five monitors
are completed
• Misfire monitor
• EGR monitor
• Heated oxygen
Drive cycle
• OBD II Drive cycle – consist of engine starting and vehicle operation that
brings vehicle into closed loop. It includes specific operation conditions
necessary to initiate or complete specific monitoring sequences.
Monitoring
• The closer the downstream matches the upstream the greater the converter
degradation
• Evaporative system monitor – test for purge operation and test EVAP for
leaks
• HC vapors from fuel stored in canister – vented to intake & burned at cruise.
• Monitor closes atmospheric vent and opens purge solenoid
• Monitors rate of vacuum leak down after closing both valves - if more then
.040in. MIL after 2 consecutive drive cycles
• Gas cap
• EGR system monitor –open and close the EGR and measures the flow
• Compares to map and fuel trim and look up tables in ROM
• Calculates efficiency and if not in spec – turns on MIL after 2 drive cycles
• Air injection monitor –test continuity and operation of diverter and bypass
valves
• Pending outcome of O2 test – MIL on in 2 drive cycles
Computer programs
• Engine mapping
• Variable factors such as speed, load, and spark timing, can be monitored and
adjusted to determine the optimum output settings for the best
drivability, economy, and emission control.
• This mapping is stored in the PROM or EEPROM and is the program for
performance or economy
• Allows manufactures to use one basic computer and add the “map” in the
PROM for the specific vehicle demands
Computer integration
• Computer integration – the ability to blend the operation of two or
more individual systems into a multi –function system.
• ECM and TCM into one computer – the PCM engines and transmission
operation integrated into a quicker single control module
Module communication
• A typical vehicle will have ten or more modules and they communicate with
each other over data lines or hard wiring called a BUS
• A decreased number of wires is needed, thereby saving weight, cost, and well
as helping with installation at the factory and decreased complexity, making
servicing easier.
Multiplexing
• Multiplexing is the term used to describe the computer data signal
over shared line. The aim is to share an expensive resource
• By connecting the computers together on a communications network, they
can easily share information back and forth.
• Common sensor data can be shared with those modules that may need the
information, such as vehicle, speed, outside air temperature, and engine
coolant temperature
• Multiplexing has a number of advantages
• The elimination of redundant sensors and dedicated wiring for these multiple
sensors
• Less wiring and connectors
• Weight and space reduction
• Faster processing
• Example: Window – radio
• Three network classifications : A,B, & C
• A = low speed communication – no OBDII
• B = Standard communication for OBD II
• C = high speed communication lines using CAN Controller area network
•