A Greek myth. Francisco de Orellana was a Spanish conquistador and the first European to travel the length of the Amazon river, in 1541-42. Along the way, he and his men ran into a tribe of fierce women warriors, each "doing as much fighting as ten Indian men." Orellana recalled the Greek myth of warrior women and named the entire river "Amazonas."
This map shows where largest rainforest in the world is located,
South America. Most of the Amazon is located in Brazil
Geography Of Amazon Forest
Amazon has an equatorial humid climate, or, in other words, a hot area with frequent rains. The pattern of the rains distribution varies: some cities, like So Gabriel da Cachoeira(in Amazonas State) are rainy than others, like Rio Branco city (in Acre State). It occurs because So Gabriel da Cachoeira is located exactly at the Equator Line.
The Forest embraces
25% South America area, reaching nine countries: Brazil, French Guyana, Suriname, Guyana, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia. The greater part of the forest, 62%, is located in Brazil, and the remaining 38%, in the other countries.
In Brazil, the Amazon
RainForest is called Legal Amazon, and embraces about 60% of the Brazilian territory, spreading over the following states: Acre, Amazonas, Par, Rondnia, Roraima, Tocantins, west of Maranho and north of Mato Grosso. This area is equivalent to a half of the European continent, with an area of 5,026,552 km2, with an estimated population (in 1990) of 17,193,446 inhabitants. It could be the sixth largest country of the world!
The hidrography of Amazon is composed by the largest
basin of the world, with an area of 7,050,000 square meters, that drains the lands of Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia, corresponding to 25% of South America. Rio Negro River and Solimes River came across to form Amazonas River, the largest river of the world in flow of water, with 230,000 cubic meters of water per second. This volume occurs because the river flows in a plain, with a declivity about 2 centimeters per kilometer. This physical condition promotes slow water flow that become accumulated in determined points of the river. It ranks as the largest in the world in terms of catchment area, number of tributaries, and volume of water discharged.
The width of the river Amazonas, in dry season, has an
average of 4 to 5 kilometers, increasing, in some places, to 50 kilometers, in wet season. The average speed of river water is 2.5 kilometers per hour, increasing to 7, in wet season. The annual outflow from the river accounts for onefifth of all the fresh water that drains into the oceans of the world. The outpouring of water and sediment is so vast that the salinity and color of the Atlantic Ocean are altered for a
long distance.
The river begins in a Peruvian
lake, named Apurimac, at Andes Mountain Range, passing later to be called Ucaiali, and soon after, Solimes. This immense river, that receives four names along its course, is the second largest fluvial artery of the world, with a length of 6,571 kilometers, just losing for the Nile river, in Africa, that has a length of 6,696 kilometers. The third place is occupied by Mississippi-Missouri Rivers, with 6,418 kilometers.
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