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ChE 100 HW7
ChE 100 HW7
(2011)
Chapter 4 - Reading Questions: 4, 7, 8 and 11
4. Using the material in the beginning of the textbook (after the table of contents and
before Chapter 1), nd and report the following:
a. The meaning and dimensions of the symbol wf as used in this textbook:
Work of friction per mass of fluid, energy/mass (J/kg)
b. The equivalent of 1 Btu (a unit of energy) when expressed in Joules (J):
1055.05585262 J
c. The denition of 1 lbf in terms of lbm, ft, and s
1 lbf 32.174 lbm ft/s2
Therefore in terms of:
32.174 lbm= 1 lbf s2/ft
ft = 1 lbf s2/32.174 lbm
s=sqrt(32.174 lbm ft/1 lbf)
d. The atomic weight and symbol for the element tungsten:
Tungsten, Symbol: W
Atomic weight: 183.86
7. Using water and air as examples, what is an approximate ratio of the densities of
liquids to gases?
For liquids, the density is relatively independent of such variables as pressure and
temperature. The densities of gases are much less than those of liquids.
The approximate density of water at room temperature is:
water,25C 1.0g /cm3 = 1000kg /m3
While the density of air at room temperature is:
air,25C 0.0012g /cm3 = 1.2kg /m3
The ratio of liquids to gasses are 1000kg: 1.2 kg per m3
8. Two compounds, one with a high molecular weight and one with a low molecular
weight, are owing at the same mass ow rate. Which has the greater molar ow
rate?
The molar ow rate is the number of moles of a material that passes a reference plane
within a unit time interval.
Mass flow rate=dm/dt=mass (-m)/time (t)
Molecular weight (M)= m/n= mass/mole
Molar flow rate=dn/dt=Moles(n)/time(t)
Molar flow rate= mass flow rate/M
Therefore, the compound with a high molecular weight will have a smaller fraction and
thus have a smaller molar flow rate. The compound with a low molecular weight will
have a greater molar flow rate.
11. Solution 1 has a greater density than does solution 2, and solution 1 also has a
greater concentration of species A than does solution 2. For these solutions, answer
each of the following questions and support your answer:
a. Which will occupy greater volume: 1 kg of solution 1, or 1 kg of solution 2?
Volume= mass/ (mass/volume)= mass/ density
The lower density solution will occupy greater volume (per equal mass)
b. Which will contain more molecules of species A: 1 gallon of solution 1, or 1
gallon of solution 2?
Molecules of species A= (molecules of species A/volume)*volume
Molecules of species A= concentration* volume
The solution with a greater volumetric concentration of species A will contain
more molecules of species A per unit volume
c. If the two solutions ow with equal volumetric ow rate, which stream will
have
i.
The greater mass ow rate for the entire stream?
Mass flow rate=density * volumetric flow rate
The solution with the greater density will have a greater mass flow rate.
ii.
iii.
6. The exhaust gas coming from a coal-burning furnace (ue gas) usually contains
sulfur in the form of SO2, and when the gas is discharged into the atmosphere
(which sometimes happens), the SO2 can eventually react with oxygen and water to
form sulfuric acid (H2SO4), hence, acid rain.
The reaction is SO2 + 1 2O2 + H2OH2SO4
The air around an old power plant has the following average composition: H2SO4:
0.1 mole% O2: 20.2 mole% N2: 77.9 mole% H2O: 1.8 mole%
What is the number of grams of sulfuric acid per ton (2000 lbm) of this air?
Component
H2SO4
O2
N2
H2O
Mole fraction
(% divided by 100)
0.001
0.202
0.779
0.018