Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Ultrasonic Activation of Internal Bleaching Agents
Ultrasonic Activation of Internal Bleaching Agents
Dental Materials and Prosthodontics Department, Sao Jose dos Campos Dental School, Unesp, Univ Estadual Paulista, Sao Jose
dos Campos, SP; and 2Restorative Dentistry Department, Sao Jose dos Campos Dental School, Unesp, Univ Estadual Paulista,
Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
Abstract
Cardoso M, Martinelli CSM, Carvalho CAT, Borges AB,
Torres CRG. Ultrasonic activation of internal bleaching
agents. International Endodontic Journal, 46, 4046, 2013.
Introduction
Internal bleaching is a simple, conservative and costeffective treatment for discoloured root filled teeth
(Carrasco et al. 2004, Lee et al. 2004, Lim et al.
40
41
Figure 1 Custom matrix positioned on a tooth (a) and the spectrophotometer probe tip placed into the matrix for colour
measurement (b).
42
ANOVA
and
Results
One-way ANOVA revealed no significant difference
amongst the groups for the parameters DL*, Da* and
DE*, but showed a significant difference for Db*, in
the first and second sessions (P = 0.0006 and
0.0016, respectively), as seen in Table 1. Tukeys test
revealed that after the first session, although the
colour variation was significantly greater for groups
HP and HPUS compared to the other groups, there
was no significant difference between them. For the
second session, group HPUS was associated with the
greatest colour variation values, although similar to
groups HP and SP, whilst group CP had the lowest
values, similar to groups CPUS and SP (Table 2 and
Fig. 2).
Discussion
Ultrasonic devices are currently used in endodontics to
activate irrigating solutions. By promoting agitation of
molecules, they increase their permeability into the
dentinal tubules. The hypothesis was that the application of ultrasonic energy directly to the bleaching
agent would promote the same outcome of increasing
the permeability of the dentinal tubules and as a
result, produce a more effective bleaching effect. This
hypothesis, however, could not be confirmed.
DL*
Da*
Db*
DE*
a
1st session
2nd session
1st session
2nd session
1st session
2nd session
1st session
2nd session
ANOVA
Mean
square
25.164
26.639
2.1427
2.3227
28.7542
31.4959
30.626
34.316
1.8503
2.0297
1.7663
2.0008
5.92466
5.19341
2.2482
2.3919
0.135843
0.106292
0.152316
0.110578
0.000643a
0.001585a
0.078739
0.064629
1st session
4.29
3.15
1.12
0.63
0.48
(2.61)
(2.14)ab
(2.40)b
(1.64)b
(2.10)b
2nd session
4.64
5.37
1.58
1.44
3.62
(2.62)ab
(2.47)a
(2.38)bc
(2.28)c
(2.55)abc
a-c
For a given time, values with different letter designations
are significantly different (P < 0.05).
43
Figure 2 Graphs of mean and standard deviation of colour variation measurements for all parameters after first (1 week) and
second (2 weeks) sessions. Da* and Db* have negative values.
44
Conclusion
Ultrasonic activation of bleaching agents during ex
vivo internal bleaching was no more effective than
conventional internal bleaching procedures, without
activation.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Professor Ivan
Balducci for helping with the statistical analysis.
References
Banomyong D, Palamara JE, Burrow MF, Messer HH (2007)
Effect of dentin conditioning on dentin permeability and
micro-shear bond strength. European Journal of Oral
Sciences 115, 5029.
Cameron JA (1988) The effect of ultrasonic endodontics on
the temperature of the root canal wall. Journal of Endodontics 14, 5549.
Carrasco LD, Froner IC, Corona SA, Pecora JD (2003) Effect
of internal bleaching agents on dentinal permeability of
non-vital teeth: quantitative assessment. Dental Traumatology 19, 859.
45
46