1.

Habitat
habtat/
noun
-The natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism.
-The natural environment of an organism; place that is natural for the life and
growth of an organism.
2. Ecological succession
-The observed process of change in the species structure of an ecological
community over time.
-The gradual and orderly process of change in an ecosystem brought about by the
progressive replacement of one community by another until a stable climax is
established
-The process by which the structure of a biological community evolves over time.
3. Predator-prey relationship
noun
-An interaction between two organisms of unlike species in which one of them acts
as predator that captures and feeds on the other organism that serves as the prey.
-Predation occurs when one animal (the predator) eats another living animal (the
prey) to utilize the energy and nutrients from the body of the prey for growth,
maintenance, or reproduction.
4. Mutualism
noun
-Mutual interactions between two species that are beneficial to both species.
-An interaction between two species that benefits both.
-A symbiotic relationship between individuals of different species in which both
individuals benefit from the association.
5. Parasitism
noun
-A symbiotic relationship in which the host is harmed, but not killed immediately,
and the species feeding on it is benefited.
-is a relationship between two things in which one of them (the parasite) benefits
from or lives off of the other.
6. Biogeochemical cycle/ nutrient cycle
-Is the movement and exchange of organic and inorganic matter back into the
production of living matter. The process is regulated by food web pathways that
decompose matter into mineral nutrients.
-In Earth science, a biogeochemical cycle or substance turnover or cycling of
substances is a pathway by which a chemical substance moves through both biotic
(biosphere) and abiotic (lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere) compartments
of Earth.
-The chemical interactions that exist between the atmosphere, hydrosphere,
lithosphere, and biosphere.
-The flow of chemical elements and compounds between living organisms and the
physical environment. Chemicals absorbed or ingested by organisms are passed
through the food chain and returned to the soil, air, and water by such mechanisms

as respiration, excretion, and decomposition. As an element moves through this

cycle, it often forms compounds with other elements as a result of metabolic
processes in living tissues and of natural reactions in the atmosphere, hydrosphere,
or lithosphere. See more at carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle.
7. Competition
-The struggle between individuals of the same or different species for food, space,
light, etc., when these are inadequate to supply the needs of all.
-The inter- or intraspecific interaction resulting when several individuals share an
environmental necessity.
-Relations between organisms of the same or different species during which they
compete for the same means of existence and conditions of reproduction; one
aspect of the struggle for existence (a second aspect is elimination, that is,
destruction of the less adapted forms and the prevention of their reproduction).
8. Population
-A group of interbreeding organisms occupying a particular space; the number of
humans or other living creatures in a designated area.
- All the organisms that constitute a specific group or occur in a specified habitat.
9. Ecological niche
-The status of an organism within its environment and community (affecting its
survival as a species)
-The ecological niche involves both the place where an organism lives and the roles
that an organism does in its habitat. For example, the ecological niche of a
sunflower growing in the backyard includes absorbing light, water and nutrients (for
photosynthesis), providing shelter and food for other organisms (e.g. bees, ants,
etc.), and giving off oxygen into the atmosphere.
10. Ecology
noun
-The relationship of living things to one another and their environment, or the study
of such relationships.
-The science of the relationships between organisms and their environments.
-Ecological science: the science concerned with the interactions of living organisms
with each other and with their environment, also called bionomics.
- A branch of biology that deals with the distribution, abundance and interactions of
living organisms at the level of communities, populations, and ecosystems, as well
as at the global scale.