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Forquestionpaper2013,14&15:YoucanfreedownloadfromGooglePlaystoretheGATEARCHITECTUREappbyvisiting
thelinkhttps://tr.im/Qchmv(https://tr.im/Qchmv)fromyourandroiddevice.Thereyoucanbrowsethequestionpaperwith
answer&notes(thoughlimitedexplanationincomparisontopaidreferencesbutworthreading)

GATEquestionpaperwithanswer[GATE2013architecturestream]

MarkingScheme
QuestionsQ.1Q.25carry1markeach.QuestionsQ.26Q.55carry2markseach.
QuestionsQ.56Q.60carry1markeach,andquestionsQ.61Q.65carry2markseach.
Forall1markquestions,markwillbedeductedforeachwronganswer.Forall2marksquestions,markwillbe
deductedforeachwronganswer.However,inthecaseofthelinkedanswerquestionpair,therewillbenegativemarksonly
forwronganswertothefirstquestionandnonegativemarksforwronganswertothesecondquestion.Thereisnonegative
markingforquestionsofnumericalanswertype.

Q.1Incaseofresidentialapartments,theeffectivefloorareaavailableforusewithinanapartment,is
knownas
(A)CarpetArea(B)BuiltupArea(C)PlinthArea(D)SuperBuiltupArea
Notes:Carpetareaistheactualusableareaofanapartment,officeunit,showroom,etcminuswallthickness.Carpetareais
theareaenclosedwithinthewalls,actualareatolaythecarpet.Thisareadoesnotincludethethicknessoftheinnerwalls.
Builtupareaisthecarpetareaplusthethicknessofouterwallsandthebalcony.
Superbuiltupareaisthebuiltupareaplusproportionateareaofcommonareassuchasthelobby,liftsshaft,stairs,etc.
PlinthAreaistheentirecarpetareaalongwiththethicknessoftheexternalwallsoftheapartment.Itobviouslyincludesthe
thicknessoftheinternalwallsandthecolumns,ifany,lyingwithinthefourwallsofanapartment.
Answer(A)

Q.2StarRatingofanAirConditionerisdeterminedbyits
(A)PowerConsumption(B)EnergyEfficiencyRatio(C)CoolingCapacity(D)PowerofCompressor
Notes:StarratingisasysteminitiatedbyBEE(BureauofEnergyEfficiency)Indiatodeterminetheenergyefficiencyofan
electronicproductforhomeuselikewindowandsplitairconditionersandotherappliances.
Dependingontheirenergyefficiencytheyareratedonascaleof15andindicatedbystartsforeasyunderstanding.
Higherthenumberofstars,betteristheenergyefficiencyofanairconditioner.
TheenergyefficiencyofanACdependsontwofactors:Coolingcapacity(inBTU)andPowerconsumption(inWatts)
ThecoolingcapacityofonetonACshouldbe12000BTU,1.5tonAC18000BTU.Somecompaniesratetheirair
conditionersas1tonbutactuallytheircoolingcapacityislessthan12000BTU.SOtheBEEhasbroughtintoforcestar
ratingsystemsothatthemanufacturerscannotmisguidetheconsumers.
StarratingisbasedupontheEERofanAC.EERiscoolingcapacitydividedbypowerconsumed.TocalculateEERinwatts
BTUneedstobeconvertedintowatts.12000BTUisequalto3517wattsor1BTU=0.2937Wattsoroneton=3517watts
WhileitisimportanttochooseanACwithhigherstarrating,itisequallyimportantnottocompromiseonthecooling
capacity,whichistheprimaryfunctionofanAC.
Answer(B)

Q.3V7conceptgivenbyLeCorbusierrefersto
(A)NeighbourhoodPlanning(B)HousingTypologies(C)ArchitectureDesignPrinciple(D)Hierarchyof
Roads
Notes:ThemostsignificantroleplayedbyLeCorbusierinChandigarhwasinconceivingthecity'spresenturbanform.Itis
thewellorderedmatrixofhisgenericneighbourhoodunit'andthehierarchicalcirculationpatternofhis7Vs'thathasgiven
Chandigarhitsdistinctivecharacter.TheMatrixcomprisesaregulargridofthefasttrafficV3roadswhichdefineeach
neighbourhoodunit,theSector'.TheSectoritselfwasconceivedasaselfsufficientandinaradicaldeparturefromother
precedentsandcontemporarousconceptsacompletelyintrovertedunit,butwasconnectedwiththeadjoiningonesthrough
itsV4theshoppingstreet,aswellasthebandsofopenspacethatcutacrossintheoppositedirection.Daytodayfacilities
forshopping,healthcare,recreationandthelikewerearrayedalongtheV4allontheshadyside.Theverticalgreenbelts,
withthepedestrianV7,containedsitesforschoolsandsportsactivities.
Answer(D)

Q.4InAUTOCAD,alineofinfinitelengthinthedirectiondefinedbystartingpointandthroughpoint,isknown
as
(A)RAY(B)LINE(C)PLINE(D)XLINE

Answer(A)

Q.5OrbitTowerbuiltattheLondonOlympicParkhasbeendesignedby
(A)Foster&Partners(B)AnishKapoor&CecilBalmond(C)ZahaHadid&AntonyGormley(D)Richard
Rogers&RenzoPiano
Notes:OrbitTowerrepresentsaradicaladvanceinthearchitecturalfieldofcombiningsculptureandstructuralengineering,
andthatitcombinesbothstabilityandinstabilityinaworkthatvisitorscanengagewithandexperienceviaanincorporated
spiralwalkway.Ithasbeenbothpraisedandcriticisedforitsbolddesign.Ithasalsobeencriticisedasavanityproject,of
questionablelastinguseormeritasapublicartproject.
orbittowergatearchitecture
Answer(B)

Q.6AsperNationalBuildingCode2005,theminimumsizeofahabitableroominm2is
(A)9.5(B)10.5(C)11.5(D)12.5
Notes:AsperNationalBuildingCodeofIndiaceilingofahabitableroommustbeataminimumof2.75m[9ft]abovefloor.
Answer(A)

Q.7TheurbanformofSrirangamtowninTamilNadurefersto
(A)Dandaka(B)Swastika(C)Nandyavarta(D)Sarvotabhadra
Answer(D)

Q.8PMGSY,aprogrammeofGovernmentofIndia,dealswith
(A)UrbanEmploymentGeneration(B)RuralEmploymentGeneration(C)RuralElectrification(D)Rural
RoadDevelopment
Notes:
PradhanMantriGramSadakYojana(PMGSY)waslaunchedon25thDecember2000.
ItisanationwideplaninIndiatoprovidegoodallweatherroadconnectivitytounconnectedvillagesofmorethan500
personsintheruralareas(250personsinthehillyanddesertareas).
Itisa100%CentrallySponsoredScheme.
AllocationsunderPradhanMantriGramSadakYojana(PMGSY)increasedby59pertoRs.12,000croreintheUnion
Budget200910.
Answer(D)

Q.9Beamorlowestdivisionoftheentablaturewhichextendsfromcolumntocolumn,isknownas
(A)Arabesque(B)Arcade(C)Architrave(D)Arbour
architravegatearchitecture

Answer(C)

Q.10TheinformationthatisNOTessentialtobesubmittedforsanctionofanybuildingplanis
(A)SitePlan(B)FloorPlans(C)TitleDeed(D)LandCost
Answer(D)

Q.11Thetendencyofanecosystemtomaintainitsbalancebyregulatorymechanismswhendisrupted,
isknownas
(A)Homeostasis(B)Entropy(C)Succession(D)Evolution
Notes:Homeostasisisthepropertyofasystemthatregulatesitsinternalenvironmentandtendstomaintainastable,
relativelyconstantconditionofpropertiessuchastemperatureorpH.Itcanbeeitheranopenorclosedsystem.Insimple
terms,itisaprocessinwhichthebody'sinternalenvironmentiskeptstable.Entropy,atermusedinThermodynamics,isa
measureofthe"disorder"ofasystem.
Whenasystemreceivesanamountofenergyqataconstanttemperature,T,theentropyincreaseDSisdefinedbythe
followingequation.DS=q/T
Itisveryinterestingtocomparethebehaviorofentropycomparedtoenergy.Unlikeenergy,entropycanbecreated(butnot
generallydestroyed).Infact,yourbodyiscreatingsomerightnowasitgeneratesheat.Oneofthereasonsthatyourbody
temperaturehastobehigherthanthesurroundingair,orthatyouhavetosweatoffwaterifitisn't,isthatyouhavetogetrid
oftheextraentropy(otherwise,youwouldbecomedisorganizedandeventuallydie).Theenergythatyourwarmbody
radiatescarriesawaytheextraentropy.Itdoesthisbecauselosingthisenergydecreasesthenumberofmicroscopicstates
thattheatomsandmoleculesofyourbodycanbein.
Succession:Theprogressivereplacementofonedominanttypeofspeciesorcommunitybyanotherinanecosystemuntil
astableclimaxcommunityisestablished.
Evolutionisthechangeintheinheritedcharacteristicsofbiologicalpopulationsoversuccessivegenerations.
Answer(A)

Q.12GanttChartDOESNOTprovideinformationabout
(A)ListofJobs(B)DurationofJobs(C)InterdependencyofJobs(D)ProgressofWork

AGanttchartisatypeofbarchart,developedbyHenryGantt,thatillustratesaprojectschedule.Ganttchartsillustratethe
startandfinishdatesoftheterminalelementsandsummaryelementsofaproject.Terminalelementsandsummary
elementscomprisetheworkbreakdownstructureoftheproject.
ganttchartgatearchitecture

Answer(C)

Q.13Ifthresholdofhearinghasasoundlevelofzerodecibelsandthesoundlevelinabroadcastingstudiois
100timesthethresholdofhearing,itsvalueindecibelswouldbe
(A)0(B)10(C)20(D)100
Notes:dB=10log(100I/I)=20
Answer(C)

Q.14ThewidthtoheightratioofthefrontfacadeofParthenon(withoutthepediment)is
(A)9:4(B)4:9(C)1:1.618(D)1.618:1
parthenongatearchitecture

Answer(A)

Q.15ThefaceofanIcosahedronis
(A)EquilateralTriangle(B)IsoscelesTriangle(C)Square(D)Pentagon
icosahedron3dgatearchitecture

icosahedron2dgatearchitecture

Answer(A)

Q.16ThetermZeitgist,usedincontemporaryarchitecture,refersto
(A)Iconicity(B)SpiritofTimes(C)Kinesthetics(D)SemanticAssociations
Notes:Germanwordszeitmeaning`time'andgeistmeaning`spirit'
Answer(B)

Q.17Alhambra,aUNESCOworldheritagesite,isclassifiedasanexampleof
(A)MoorishArchitecture(B)MudejarArchitecture
(C)MozarabicArchitecture(D)TudorArchitecture
Notes:MoorisharchitectureisavariationofIslamicarchitecture.Therearemanymotifs,orrepeatedpatterns,inMoorish
architecture.Thisphotogalleryillustratesjustafew.Thefirstslidegivesanoverviewofthemotifs:differentstyles
ofarches,calligraphy,vegetativedesign,anddecorativetiles.
moorisharchitecturegate
MoorisharchitectureisnamedaftertheMoors,NorthAfricanpeoplewhoconqueredtheIberianPeninsulaandmanyislands
intheWesternMediterraneanbeginninginthe700s.TheMoorscontrolledwhatisnowSpain,Portugal,andthePyrenees
regionofFranceforhundredsofyears.
TheMoorsadoptedIslamicarchitecturethatdevelopedintheMiddleEast.Althoughmosquesarethemostcommonexamples
ofMoorisharchitecture,motifsspreadtothedesignofhomesandplacesofbusinesses.Oneofthemostfamousexamplesof
Moorisharchitecture,theMezquitaorGrandMosqueofCordoba,Spain,istodaytheregion'sCatholiccathedral.
Answer(A)

Q.18WythenshaweandBecontreeareexamplesof
(A)FactoryTown(B)SatelliteTown
(C)GardenCity(D)VerticalNeighborhood
Notes:Satellitetowns,asthenameimplies,areplannedcommunitiesoutsideofalargeurbancentre.Urbanplanners
differentiatebetweensuburbsandsatellitesbyasimplemethodofaccesstimetocitycentretododailybusinessetc.
Inshort,Satellitesaretosuburbiaassuburbiaistoacity.
Answer(B)

Q.19NationalCeremonialPlazaatThimpuinBhutanhasbeendesignedby
(A)ChristopherCharlesBenninger(B)CharlesCorrea
(C)KaranGrover(D)I.M.Pei
Notes:Category:Civicandcommunity
Location:Thimphu,Bhutan
Architect:ChristopherCharlesBenninger
nationalceremonialplazagatearchitecture

Answer(A)

Q.20Physiochemicalprocessofremovingmicroorganisms,colourandturbidityfromsullageandsewageis
knownas
(A)Putrefaction(B)Clarification
(C)Liquefaction(D)Infiltration
Notes:Putrefactionisoneofsevenstagesinthedecompositionofthebodyofadeadanimal.Itcanbeviewed,inbroad
terms,asthedecompositionofproteins.
Liquefactionistheprocessofliquefyingormakingliquid.
Clarificationisapretreatmentprocessofeffluent
Answer(All)

Q.21IdentifywhichisNOTagreenbuildingratingsystem
(A)LEED(B)CASBEE(C)ENERGYBUILD(D)BREEAM
Notes:CASBEE(ComprehensiveAssessmentSystemforBuiltEnvironmentEfficiency)isthegreenbuildingmanagement
systeminJapan.
CASBEEwasdevelopedaccordingtothefollowingpolicies:
1)Thesystemshouldbestructuredtoawardhighassessmentstosuperiorbuildings,therebyenhancingincentivesto
designersandothers.
2)Theassessmentsystemshouldbeassimpleaspossible.
3)Thesystemshouldbeapplicabletobuildingsinawiderangeofbuildingtypes.
4)ThesystemshouldtakeintoconsiderationissuesandproblemspeculiartoJapanandAsia.
LEED(LeadershipinEnergyandEnvironmentalDesign)isaninternationallyrecognizedgreenbuildingcertificationsystem,
providingthirdpartyverificationthatabuildingorcommunitywasdesignedandbuiltusingstrategiesaimedatimproving
performanceacrossallthemetricsthatmattermost:energysavings,waterefficiency,CO2emissionsreduction,improved
indoorenvironmentalquality,andstewardshipofresourcesandsensitivitytotheirimpacts.
BREEAM(BREEnvironmentalAssessmentMethod)istheleadingandmostwidelyusedenvironmentalassessment
methodforbuildings.Itsetsthestandardforbestpracticeinsustainabledesignandhasbecomethedefactomeasureused
todescribeabuilding'senvironmentalperformance.BREEAMprovidesclients,developers,designersandotherswith:
marketrecognitionforlowenvironmentalimpactbuildings
assurancethatbestenvironmentalpracticeisincorporatedintoabuilding
inspirationtofindinnovativesolutionsthatminimisetheenvironmentalimpact
abenchmarkthatishigherthanregulation
atooltohelpreducerunningcosts,improveworkingandlivingenvironments
astandardthatdemonstratesprogresstowardscorporateandorganisationalenvironmentalobjectives
BREEAMaddresseswiderangingenvironmentalandsustainabilityissuesandenablesdevelopersanddesignerstoprove
theenvironmentalcredentialsoftheirbuildingstoplannersandclients.It:
usesastraightforwardscoringsystemthatistransparent,easytounderstandandsupportedbyevidencebased
research
hasapositiveinfluenceonthedesign,constructionandmanagementofbuildings
setsandmaintainsarobusttechnicalstandardwithrigorousqualityassuranceandcertification
Answer(C)

Q.22In3DSMax,smooth3Dsurfaces,byblendingaseriesofselectedshapecurves,canbecreatedby
(A)Lofting(B)Sweeping(C)Filleting(D)Extruding
Answer(A)

Q.23Travelbehaviorcharacteristicsofanurbanareacanbederivedfrom
(A)ParkingSurvey(B)DemographicSurvey
(C)SocioEconomicSurvey(D)Origin&DestinationSurvey
Notes:TheODsurveysurveyshouseholdsinordertoobtainanaccuratepictureofalltripsmadebyresidentsonanaverage
ofthetypeoftransportationused.
TheODsurveyisasourceofreliable,uptodateandcompleteinformationonurbantransportationsystems.Itdirectly
contributestoimprovingtheplanningoftheurbanenvironmentandtransportationsystems,networksandmodes.
Answer(D)

Q.24InGIS,thesetofentitiesrepresentingvectordatatypeis
(A)Point,Line,Polygon,TIN(B)Pixel,Voxel
(C)DEM,DSM,DTM(D)Coordinates,Elevation,Slope
Notes:GISusestwotypesofdata,vectorandraster.Vectordatacompriseofpoint,line&curveswhereasrasterdata
compriseofpixeletc.
Answer(A)

Q.25Acommonfloweringshrubis
(A)Tectonagrandis(B)Mimusopselengi(C)Dalbergiasisso(D)Ixoracoccinea
sagwangatearchitecture
Commonname:Teak,Sagun
(Hindi),Chingsoo(Manipuri),Sagwan(Marathi),Saguna(Bengali),
Tekku(Tamil)
Botanicalname:TectonagrandisFamily:Verbenaceae
Averypopulartimbertree,teakisnativetoIndiaandBurmatoJava.Itisadeciduoustreeattainingaverylargesize.
However,incitiesitmightbeseenontheroadsideasamediumsizedtreewithlargeleaves.Teakisconsideredagood
qualitywoodforfurniture.Leavesofthetreeareopposite,3060cmlongand1530cmbroad.Theflowerscomeinlarge
numbersinlaxclustersattheendofbranches.Theyarewhiteandrathersmallabout6mmacross.Thefruitisabout15
mmacross,spongy,enclosedinthepersistentcalyx.Flowersappearinmonsoon,fruitripensinwinter.FromNovemberto
January,thetreeisleafless.
..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................

mimusopselengigate
architecture

mimusopselengigatearchitecture

Commonname:SpanishcherryHindi:MaulsariUrdu:Kirakuli
Manipuri:BokulleiTamil:
MagizhambooMalayalam:IlanniBengali:BakulMarathi:BakuliKonkani:OmvalKannada:RanjalGujarati:
Barsoli
Botanicalname:MimusopselengiFamily:Sapotaceae(Mahuafamily)
SpanishcherryisalovelygreensmalltreeoftheIndiansubcontinent.Withitssmallshiny,thick,narrow,pointedleaves,
straighttrunkandspreadingbranches,itisaprizedoranamentalspecimenbecauseitprovidesadenseshadeandduringthe
monthsfromMarchtoJulyfillsthenightairwiththedeliciousheadyaromaofitstinycreamcoloredflowers.Flowersare
small,starshaped,yellowishwhiteincolor,withacrownrisingfromthecenter.Ovalleaves,wavyatmargin,about516cm
and37cmwide.Inthemorningthefragrantflowerswhichsograciouslyscentedtheirsurroundingswiththeirdeep,rich,
fragranceduringtheeveninghours,falltotheground.Peoplelovetocollectthemastheyretaintheirodorformanydays
aftertheyfall.Theyareofferedintemplesandshrinesthroughoutthecountry.AppearsinIndianmythologyasVakulasaid

toputforthblossomswhensprinkledwithnectarfromthemouthoflovelywomen.Fruitsareeatenfresh.
Medicinaluses:Variouspartsofthetreehavemedicinalproperties.Itisusedinthetreatmentandmaintenanceoforal
hygiene.Rinsingmouthwithwatersolutionmadewithbakulhelpsinstrengtheningtheteeth.Italsopreventsbadbreathand
helpskeepthegumshealthy.
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

seesamgatearchitecture

seasamgatearchitecture

Commonname:Indianrosewood,Shisham(Hindi),Sissu(Manipuri),Sitral(Bengali)
Botanicalname:DalbergiasissooFamily:Fabaceae(peafamily)
Shishamisamediumtolargedeciduoustree,nativetoIndia,withalightcrownwhichreproducesbyseedsandsuckers.It
cangrowuptoamaximumof25minheightand2to3mindiameter,butisusuallysmaller.Trunksareoftencrookedwhen
grownintheopen.Leavesareleathery,alternate,pinnatelycompoundandabout15cmlong.Flowersarewhitishtopink,
fragrant,nearlysessile,upto1.5cmlongandindenseclusters510cminlength.Podsareoblong,flat,thin,straplike48
cmlong,1cmwide,andlightbrown.Theycontain15flatbeanshapedseeds810mmlong.Theyhavealongtaprootand
numeroussurfacerootswhichproducesuckers.Itisprimarilyfoundgrowingalongriverbanksbelow900melevation,but
canrangenaturallyupto1300m.Shishamisbestknowninternationallyasapremiertimberspeciesoftherosewoodgenus.
However,Shishamisalsoanimportantfuelwood,shade,andshelter.Withitsmultipleproducts,toleranceoflightfrostsand
longdryseasons,thisspeciesdeservesgreaterconsiderationfortreefarming,reforestationandagroforestryapplications.
Afterteak,itisthemostimportantcultivatedtimbertreeinIndia,plantedonroadsides,andasashadetreefortea
plantations.
Medicinaluses:Decoctionofleavesisusefulingonorrhoea.Rootisastringent.Woodisalterative,usefulinleprosy,boils,
eruptionsandtoallayvomiting.
Dalbergiasissooisbestknowninternationallyasapremiertimberspeciesoftherosewoodgenus.However,sissooisalso
animportantfuelwood,shade,shelterandfoddertree.Withitsmultipleproducts,toleranceoflightfrostsandlongdry
seasons,thisspeciesdeservesgreaterconsiderationforagroforestryapplications
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

regmanigatearchitecture

Commonname:Ixora,Junglegeranium,Rugmini(Hindi),Vedchi(Tamil),Rangan(Bengali),Chethi(Malayalam)
Botanicalname:IxoracoccineaFamily:Rubiaceae(coffeefamily)
Relatedtothegardeniaandcoffeeplants,IxoraissaidtobenativetoAsiaandwhosenamederivesfromanIndiandeity.
Thereareabout400speciesspreadfromAfricatoIndiatoSouthernAsia.Theydifferinleafsize,plantheight,flowersize
andflowercolor.Thisplantwhichbloomsthroughouttheyeariseasytogrow.Theflowersarefoundinawiderangeof
colours.Plantsareoftwotypeslargewithheightaround1meteranddwarforminiatureplants.Miniatureoneshavesmall
leavesandarebushy.Ixoraflowerslastwellwhenpickedandputintoavasewithwater,makinganattractivehome
arrangement.Ixoraflowerhastraditionallybeenassociatedwithenhancedsexualityandtherekindlingofpassion.
Answer(D)

Q.26Thecorrectarrangementoftheheightoftowersgivenbelowindescendingorderis
P.BurjKhalifa,Dubai
Q.PetronasTower,KualaLumpur
R.Taipei101,Taiwan
S.BankofChinaTower,HongKong
(A)P,Q,R,S(B)P,Q,S,R
(C)P,R,S,Q(D)P,R,Q,S

# Building

City

Floors Height Year

1 BurjKhalifa

Dubai

163 828m2010

2 MakkahClockRoyalTower[AbrajAlBait]

Makkah

120 601m2012

3 OneWorldTradeCenter[NewWorldTradeCenter]

NewYorkCity

104 541m2013

4 Taipei101

Taipei

101 509m2004

5 ShanghaiWorldFinancialCenter

Shanghai

101 492m2008

6 InternationalCommerceCentre[UnionSquare]

HongKong

118 484m2010

7 PetronasTower1[PetronasTowers]

KualaLumpur

88 452m1998

8 PetronasTower2[PetronasTowers]

KualaLumpur

88 452m1998

9 ZifengTower

Nanjing

66 450m2010

10 WillisTower

Chicago

108 442m1974

BurjKhalifa
burjkhalifagatearchitecture
Buildingtypeskyscraper
Buildingstatusexisting[completed]
Structuralsystembuttressedcore
Structuralmaterialsteelconcrete
Foundationsystempilefoundation
Facadematerialstainlesssteel
Facadesystemcurtainwall
Facadecolorlightgray
Architecturalstylemodernism
RoofSystemtaperedroofwithspire
Mainusageresidential,hotel,commercialoffice,restaurant
BurjDubai/Khalifaisthetallestmanmadestructureintheworld,surpassingtheKVLYTVTowerinNorthDakota
aswellasWarszawaRadioMast,theprevioustalleststructureeverbuilt.
TheBurjDubaihaditsnameofficiallychangedtoBurjKhalifaduringitsgrandopeninginhonorofthepresidentof
theU.A.E.H.H.SheikhKhalifabinZayedalNahyan.

Engineersworkingonthedesignconsideredinstallingtripledeckerelevators,whichwouldhavebeenthefirstinthe
world.Infact,therealizedbuildingusesdoubledeckerelevators.
ThecondensationwatercollectedfromtheA/Csystemequalsto20Olympicsizedswimmingpoolsperyearandin
turn,usedforlandscaping.
Over330,000cubicmetersofconcreteand31,400metrictonnesofsteelrebarwasusedatthecompletionofthe
tower.
Thetowerissituatedonamanmadelakewhichisdesignedtowraparoundthetowerandtoprovidedramaticviews
ofit.
Thetopofthebuildingcontainsapublicobservationdeckandaprivateclubabovethat.
BurjDubaifeaturesskylobbiesonlevels43,76and123.Thesespacesofferfitnessandspafacilities.Thelobbies
onlevels43and76eachhaveaswimmingpoolandarecreationalroomforreceptionsandothergatherings.
Thisisthefirstworld'stallestbuildingsinceprehistorictimestoincluderesidentialspace.
ThecladdingsystemisdesignedtowithstandDubai'sextremesummertemperatures.
Theexteriorcladdingisofreflectiveglazingwithaluminiumandtexturedstainlesssteelspandrelpanelswithvertical
tubularfinsofstainlesssteel.
Atotalof45,000cubicmetresofconcreteareusedinthefoundationswithaweightinexcessof110,000tonnes.
Thebuildingsitsonaconcreteandsteelpodiumwith192pilesdescendingtoadepthofmorethan50metres(164
feet).
Thebuildingwasrotated120degreestoallowforlessstressfromtheprevailingwinds.
Anobservationdeckwilloccupythe124thfloor.
Thehighestresidentialfloorwillbelevel109.
"Burj"isArabicfor"Tower".
ThedesignbySkidmoreOwings&MerrillreplacesaplantoreusethedesignforGrolloTower,whichwasproposed
inMelbourneafewyearsearlier.
BurjDubaibecametheworld'stallesthighrisebuildingonJuly24,2007,andtheworld'stallestselfsupporting
structureonSeptember12,2007.
DesignedbyAdrianD.Smith,FAIA,RIBADesignPartneratSkidmoreOwings&MerrillLLP.
Althoughthebuilding'sshaperesemblesthebundledtubeconceptoftheWillisTower,itisstructurallyverydifferent
andistechnicallynotatubestructure.
AsubtlereferencetotheoniondomesofIslamicarchitecturecanbefoundinthebuilding'ssilhouettewhenlooking
upatthelobesfromnearthebase.
Thetriplelobedfootprintofthebuildingisbasedonanabstracteddesertflowernativetotheregion.

Themaximumelevatorspeedis600m/min.
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................
MakkahClockRoyalTower
clocktowergatearchitecture
AlternativenameAbrajAlBaitTowers,KingAbdulAzizEndowmentTower,MakkahRoyalClockTowerHotel,Tower
H
Architecturalstylepostmodern
Mainusage:hotel,residential,shoppingcenter
Thefrontisdecoratedwithaglassmosaic.
Clock(s)displayedontheoutside
Height(tip)601.00m
Height(architectural)601.00m
Height(observationfloor)558.70m
Floors(aboveground)120
Floors(belowground)3
Constructionstart2004
Constructionend2012
Elevators94
Escalators16
..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

OneWorldTradeCenter
oneworldtradecentregatearchitecture
Alternativename1WorldTradeCenter,TowerOne,FreedomTower
Buildingtypeskyscraper
Buildingstatusunderconstruction[toppedout]
Structuralmaterialcompositestructure
Facadematerialglass
Facadesystemcurtainwall
Architecturalstylemodernism
Usagecommercialoffice,mercantile,restaurant
Thecubicbasegiveswaytoanoctagonalplanatcenterwhilsttheglassparapetissquareinplanandrotated45
degreesfromthebase.Themidsection'soctagonalplanisachievedbyfacadeplaneswhicharecomprisedofeight
alternatelyinvertedisoscelestriangleswithbevellededges.
An80ft(24.3m)highpubliclobbytoppedbyasuccessionofmechanicalfloorsrisesfromtheplazainconjunction,
theseconstitutethebuilding'sblastresistantbasewhichis200ft(61m)tall.
Thetower'sstructureisorganizedaroundastrong,redundantsteelmomentframewhichconsistsofcolumnsand
beamslinkedbyacombinationofboltingandweldingandresistslateralloadsthroughthebendingoftheframe's
elements.
Risingabovethebaseare69officefloorswhichreachaheightof1,120ft(341.3m)thisisfurthersurmountedby
mechanicalfloors(twoofwhichareoccupiedbytheMetropolitanTelevisionAlliance),restaurantsandobservation
decksat1,362ft(415m)and1,368ft(417m).
Thebasewillbeconcrete,cladinover2,000piecesofprismaticglass.
Thetower'sfootprintisequaltothatofeachoftheoriginalTwinTowers.
TheheightoftheobservationdecksmatchtheheightsoftheoriginalWorldTradeCenter'sTwinTowers.
Thefinalheightof1,776ft(541m)isreachedbyacablesupportedantennawhichrisesfromacircularsupportring
andrecallsthetorchheldaloftbytheStatueofLiberty.
Thebuildinghasanemergencystairwaydedicatedtofirefighters.

Forsecurityreasons,thebuildingissetbackapproximately90ft(27.4m)fromWestStreet.
Thetowerhasextrastrongfireproofingwhilsttheairsupplysystemincorporateschemicalandbiologicalfilters
emergencystairsareextrawideandpressurized.
Thetower'sstructureallowsforinteriorspanswhicharecolumnfree.
Inconjunctionwithaconcretecoreshearwall,themomentframeendowsgreatrigidityandredundancytothe
tower'soverallstructure.
Thetowerisdesignedtohaveahighdegreeofenvironmentalsustainability.
Eachfloorhasarefugeareawhilstenhancedelevatorsarehousedinaprotectedcentralbuildingcorewhichserves
allofthetower'sfloors.
AthreefootthickcorehousesOneWorldTradeCenter'slifesafetysystems(elevators,risers,communications,
stairsandsprinklers)theadvancedlifesafetysystemsexceedthatrequiredbytheNewYorkCityBuildingCode.
FoundationworkstartedinJuly2006.
The408feettalldecorativespirewillencaseanantennawithalightingsystemtomakeitintoabeacon.
Groundforactualconstruction(differentfromthecornerstoneplacing)wasbrokenonApril27,2006.
FreedomTower'scornerstonewasplacedduringaceremonialgroundbreakingonJuly4,2004.
OneWorldTradeCenterhasbecomethehighestbuildinginNewYorkCitybyApril30,2012.
Themaximumelevatorspeedwillbe540m/min.

...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Taipei101

taipei101gatearchitecture

AlternativenameTaipeiFinancialCenter,101
Buildingtypeskyscraper
Buildingstatusexisting[completed]
Structuralsystemcoreplusoutrigger
Structuralmaterialcompositestructure
Facadematerialglass
Facadesystemcurtainwall
Facadecolorgreen
Architecturalstyleorientalrevivalism
usagecommercialoffice,restaurant,parking,shoppingcenter,clubhouse
The89thfloorholdsanindoorobservationarea,andanoutdoorobservationdeckislocatedonthe91stfloor.
Thiswasthefirstworld'stallestbuildingcompletedinthe21stcentury.ThenextwillmostlikelybeBurjKhalifain
theUnitedArabEmirates.
Theoutdoorobservationdeckisthehighestintheworld.Itisexpectedtobesurpassedbytheoutdoordeckin
theShanghaiWorldFinancialCenter.
Taipei101holdstheworldrecordinthreeoftheCouncilonTallBuildingsandUrbanHabitat'sheightcategories:
tallesttothestructuraltop,tallesttotheroof,andhighestoccupiedfloor.
InsidethebaseofthetoweristhelargeTaipei101Mall,whichopenedbeforethetoweronNovember13th,2003.
ExteriorconstructionelevatorsandtheconstructionelevatorshaftwerefullydisassembledinlateFebruaryof2004.
Eachelevatorisdesignedwithanaerodynamicbody,pressurizationandemergencybrakingsystems,andthe
world'sfirsttriplestageantiovershootingsystem.Thecostforeachelevatorisover$US2million.
Mostaspectsofthedesign,layoutandplanningwerereviewedandapprovedbyaFengShuimaster.
Thetower'sdesignspecificationsarebasedonthenumber"8",aluckynumberintraditionalChinesecultureit
features8upwardflaringsections,andissupportedby8supercolumns.TheJinMaoTowerinShanghaialso
employsthisnumerologyinitsdesign.
ThedesignisinspiredbytraditionalChinesearchitecture,withashaperesemblingapagoda.Thesectionedtoweris
alsoinspiredbythebambooplant,whichisamodelofstrength,resilience,andelegance.
Themaindamperisvisiblefromtherestaurantandbarwhichencirclesthespacearoundtheball.
TheTaiwanStockExchangerents7floorsinthebuilding.
Taipei101wastheworld'sfirstskyscrapertobreakthehalfkilometermarkinheight.
Theliftbrakesareceramicratherthansteel(asfoundinhighperformancecars)forgreaterefficiency.
Atthetimeofconstruction,thebuildingheldtherecordforthegreatestheighttowhichconcretehadbeenpumped.
Thetower'sspirecontainstwo,4.5tonnetunedmassdamperstoreducewindinducedfatigue.
Containedwithinisacircular660tonnetunedmassdampertocounterseismicandwindinducedmovement.Itis
constructedfrom41steelplates,issuspendedfromeightsteelcables,restsoneightviscousdampersandcan
movefivefeetlaterallyinanydirection.Itisthelargestandheaviestofitstypeintheworld.
Thisisoneofthefewbuildingsintheworldequippedwithdoubledeckelevators.
BeforethespirewasinstalledtherewasaseparatetoppingoutceremonyonJuly1st,2003forcompletiontothe
rooflevel.ThepresidentofTaiwanandthemayorofTaipeiparticipatedintheevent.
Thehighestsectionofthespirewasinstalledon9October2003.Attheofficialceremonyon17October,Taipei's
mayorMaYingJeoufastenedagoldenbolttosignifytheofficialtoppingout.
Taipei101iscurrentlythesecondtallestbuildingintheworld.
Theelevatorsarethefastestintheworld,risingat1010metersperminute(60.48km/hour)anddescendingat610
m/min(36.6km/hour).Thetopspeedsare34percentfasterthanthepreviousworld'sfastestelevatorsinYokohama
LandmarkTower.

...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
ShanghaiWorldFinancialCenter
sanghaiworldfinancialcentregatearchitecture
AlternativenameShanghaiGlobalFinancialCenter
Buildingtypeskyscraper
Buildingstatusexisting[completed]
Structuralmaterialcompositestructure
Facadematerialglass
Facadesystemcurtainwall
Facadecolorlightblue
Architecturalstylepostmodern
RoofSystembridgedtop
usagecommercialoffice,hotel,museum,shoppingcenter,mercantile,restaurant,shop(s)
Thecircularapertureatthetopoftheoriginaldesignrepresentedheaven,andwouldhaveservedtoreducewindloadon
thebuilding.
Changestothedesignresultedinextracostsofmorethan$200millionUSDduetothesophisticationofdesignswhich
includesstructuralsystemredesign,foundationredesignandincreasedsafetyfeaturestakenafterSeptember11th
2001.

LocatedneartheJinMaoTowerinthefinancialdistrictofShanghai.
Duetothedesignchangeofthetopopeningfromacircletoatrapezoid,thetramcarsystemthatwouldtravelvertically
insidethebigcircleiscancelled.
TheConsortiuminvestedmorethanUS$850millionfortheproject.
ThedesignoftheopeningnearthetopofthetowerhaschangedinmidOctober,2005fromacirculartoarectangular
opening.Architectanddeveloperclaimthatitischeaperandeasiertoimplementthenewdesign.
AwidespreadrumorintheworldnewsmediasaidthetowerwillsurpassTaipei101astheworld'stallestbuildingat
completion,butisnottrue.
ThefoundationstonewaslaidonAugust27,1997,butafundshortageontheJapanesesidecausedbyAsianfinancial
crisishaltedtheproject,andnothinghadsincebeendonetotheprojectedstructure.
Theconsortiumfundingtheprojectiscomposedofmorethan36internationalcompanies,mainlybankingcorporations,
insurancecompaniesanddevelopersfromJapan.
ThetallestbuildinginthePeople'sRepublicofChina,replacingJinMaoTower.
Theobservationbridgewillbethehighestoutdoorobservationdeckintheworld.
Theheightofthisbuildinghaschangedfromitsoriginalplan94storiesat460mtothecurrentplan101storiesat
492m.
ConstructionfinallyresumedonFebruary13th,2003.
Notimplementedwithintwoyears,theprojectshouldhavebeencanceledaccordingtorelevantregulations.However,
becauseitisaprojectofhugeinvestmentandtherehavebeennoothersuitableinvestors,thebuildingremained,andin
fouryearswouldfinallyriseupinShanghai.
Glassandmetalwerecoveredonsimplegeometricbodiestocreatemysterioussighteffects.
A6starhotelwillbelocatednearthetopofthebuilding,whichwillbethesecondhighesthotelintheworldaftertheone
inInternationalCommerceCentre.
Themaximumelevatorspeedis600m/min.
Architect:
KohnPedersenFoxAssociates
EastChinaArchitecturalDesign&ResearchInstituteCo.Ltd.
Height(tip)494.33m
Height(architectural)492.00m
Floors(aboveground)101
Floors(belowground)3
Constructionstart1997
Constructionend2008
Floortofloorheight4.20m
Elevators31
Escalators33
Parkingplaces1,100
...................................................................................................................................................
InternationalCommerceCentre
internationalcentregatearchitecture

AlternativenameICC,UnionSquarePhase7,MassTransitRailwayTower,KowloonStationPhase7,MTRTower,
UnionSquarePackage7,KowloonStationPackage7
Buildingtypeskyscraper
Buildingstatusexisting[completed]
Structuralmaterialconcrete,compositestructure
Facadematerialglass
Facadesystemcurtainwall
Facadecolorlightblue
Architecturalstylemodernism
usagehotel,commercialoffice,mercantile,parking
Thefinaldesignofthistowerwasmadein2001aftermorethanfourdesignproposalchanges.
TheoriginalWorld'sTallestdesign(574mwithapyramidaltop)waschanged,andthenewdesignisbyKPF.
Thistowerwillforma"gateway"forVictoriaHarbourwithTwoInternationalFinanceCentreattheoppositesideofthe
harbour.
WillbecomethetallestbuildinginHongKong,surpassingTwoInternationalFinanceCentrebysome60meters.
A7starRitzCarltonhotelwith300roomswillbelocatednearthetopportionofthetoweron13floors.Itwillalsoinclude
conventionandconferencefacilities.
The7starhotelwillbethehighestelevatedhotelintheworld,surpassingtheoneinJinMaoTower.
DesignArchitect:KohnPedersenFoxAssociates
AssociateArchitect:Wong&Ouyang(HK)Limited
Height(tip)484.00m
Height(architectural)484.00m
Floors(aboveground)118
Floors(belowground)4
Constructionstart2002
Constructionend2010
Floortoceilingheight3.15m
Elevators83
Escalators41
..........................................................................................................................................................................
PetronasTower
petronostowergatearchitecture
AlternativenameMenaraPetronas
Buildingtypeskyscraper

Buildingstatusexisting[completed]
Structuralmaterialsteel,concrete
Foundationsystemmatfoundation
Facadematerialaluminum,stainlesssteel
Facadesystemcurtainwall
Facadecolorgray
Architecturalstylepostmodern
RoofSystemtaperedroofwithspire
usagecommercialoffice
ThearchitecturalandengineeringteamwaschosenonthebasisofitsexperiencewiththeMiglinBeitlerSkyneedle,a
world'stallestproposalfromChicagowithanarrowconcretestructurethatwasverysimilartothePetronasdesign.
From1996to2003thistowersharedtheworld'stallestbuildingtitlewithPetronasTower2.
Thetwotowershaveatotalof76lifts,including29doubledeckerhighspeedpassengerliftsineachtower.Each
doubledeckerelevatorcancarry26persons.
Thesecuritysystemincludesacardaccessandalarmmonitoringsystem,closedcircuittelevision,avoiceintercom,
andaphotoIDsystem.
ThetotalconstructioncostsforthetwoPetronasTwinTowersamountto$1,600,000,000.
Height(tip)451.90m
Height(architectural)451.90m
Floors(aboveground)88
Floors(belowground)5
Constructionstart1992
Constructionend1998
Floortofloorheight4.00m
Floortoceilingheight2.64m
Elevators39
Escalators10
Parkingplaces5,400
........................................................................................................................................................

ZifengTower
jefingtowergatearchitecture

AlternativenameNanjingGreenlandSquareZifengTower,,NanjingGreenlandFinancialCenter
Buildingtypeskyscraper
Buildingstatusexisting[completed]
Structuralmaterialcompositestructure
Facadematerialglass
Facadesystemcurtainwall
usagecommercialoffice,hotel,mercantile
Architect:Skidmore,OwingsAndMerrillLLP
Height(tip)450.00m
Height(architectural)450.00m
Floors(aboveground)66
Floors(belowground)5
Constructionstart2005
ConstructionendJanuary2010
............................................................................................................................................................
WillisTower
searstowergatearchitecture

AlternativenameSearsTower
Buildingtypeskyscraper
Buildingstatusexisting[completed]
Structuralsystembundledtube
Structuralmaterialsteel
Foundationsystemcaissonfoundation
Facadematerialaluminum
Facadesystemcurtainwall
Facadecolorblack
Architecturalstyleinternationalstyle
RoofSystemflatroofwith1box
usagecommercialoffice,parking,restaurant,shop(s),servicebranch(es)
Doubledeckerexpresselevatorstakepassengersfromthefirsttwofloorstoskylobbiesatfloors33/34and66/67.
ThishasbeenthetallestbuildinginChicagosince1974.ForatimelineofChicago'stallestbuildingthroughhistory,start
withHolyNameCathedral.
Thefloorcountisusuallygivenas110howeverthisfigureincludestheelevatorboxanditsroof,featuresnotnormally

countedasfloors.
Thestructureisformedfrom9bundledsquaretubes,each75feetwidewithnocolumnsbetweenthecoreand
perimeter.Twoofthetubesare50floorshigh,twoare66floors,threeare90,andtwoare108.
Thelobbycontainsthemovingsculpture"TheUniverse"byAlexanderCalder.
Theheightwaslistedinmanysourcesforyearsas1,454feet.Thisistheresultofmisprinteddatawhichwascopiedby
severalsourcesuntilitwascorrectedbytheengineersinthemiddle1990s.
Thetwoantennaeontheroofgivethetowerthehighest"tipheight"ofanyskyscraperintheworld.
UntilTaipei101wastoppedoutin2004,theSearsTowerheldtitletotheworld'shighestroofandhighestoccupiedfloor.
On2July2009,aviewingledgebuiltofthree1.3centimeterthickglasslayers,andsuspendedfromthe103rdfloor,
openedtothepublic.
Theobservatoryelevatorsareamongtheworld'sfastestat1600feetperminute.
World'stallestbuildingfrom19741996surpassedbyPetronasTower1inKualaLumpur,Malaysia.
Thetowerhasapressurelock(likeanairlock)atthefreightentrancetocombatthe'stackeffect'generatedbythe
differentialinairpressurecausedbycoldairmeetingwarmairinthebuilding.
Thetower'sswayhasbeenknowntoinducemotionsicknessinpeopleworkingatthetop.
In2000,fourhighdefinitiontelevisionantennaswereliftedtotheroofbyhelicopter.
2.5millioncubicfeetofconcretewereusedduringconstruction.
Thebuilding'sfacadehasbeenclimbedtwice:byDanGoodwinin1981andbyAlainRobertin1999.
Beforethetowerwasdeveloped,itssitewassplitinhalfbyWestQuincyStreet.SearspaidthecityofChicago$2.7
millionforthestreetsegment.
TheSkydeckoccupiesthe103rdfloor,thehighestnonmechanicalfloorinthebuilding.Ithasitsownentranceon
JacksonBoulevard,andattractsapproximately1.5millionvisitorsperyear.
Searsexecutiveschosetobuildasingletallheadquartersbuildingoveranalternativeproposalfortwintowersathalfthe
existingtower'sheight.
SearsRoebuck&Co.originallyoccupiedthelowerhalfofitsnamesaketower.In1995thecompanymovedtoalowrise
complexinthenorthwestChicagosuburbofHoffmanEstates.
Arenovationinthe1980saddedabarrelvaultedentrancepaviliontothewestsideandasmallcutawayatriuminside
theeastentrance.
ThisisnottheoriginalSearsTowerthepreviousheadquartersofSearsRoebuckwasavastbuildingonChicago'sWest
SidethatincludedtheSearsMerchandiseBuildingTower.
SearsTowerwastoppedoutonMay3,1973,surpassingOneWorldTradeCenterastheworld'stallestbuilding.
Thelobbyfloorisdecoratedwithmetaltilesinastylizeddesignbasedonthebundledtubestructure.
Twentyeightacresofblackanodizedaluminumpanelsandapproximately16,100bronzetintedwindowsformthetower's
facade.
Architect:Skidmore,OwingsAndMerrillLLP
Height(tip)527.00m
Height(architectural)442.14m
Length68.58m
Width68.58m
Floors(aboveground)108
Floors(belowground)4
Constructionstart1970
Constructionend1974
Floortofloorheight3.92m
Elevators104

Answer(D)

Q.27MatchthebuildingsinGroupIwiththeircorrespondingarchitectsinGroupII
GroupI
P.KhalsaHeritageComplex,AnandpurSahib
Q.LisbonIsmailiCentre,Lisbon
R.NeuroscienceCentre,Cambridge,USA
S.NationalCentreforPerformingArts,Mumbai

GroupII
1.PhilipJohnson
2.CharlesCorrea
3.RajRewal
4.B.V.Doshi
5.MosheSafdie
(A)P2,Q5,R1,S4(B)P5,Q3,R2,S1
(C)P4,Q2,R1,S3(D)P5,Q2,R1,S4

Internationalpracticesafdiearchitectshascompletedthe'khalsaheritagecenter'locatedinanandpursahib,punjab,india.
slatedtoofficiallyopenthisfall,thenewmuseumcomplexisdedicatedtothesikhpeople,commemorating500yearsof
historyandthe300thanniversaryofkhalsa,scriptureswrittenbythenotableandfinalguru,gobindsingh.overlookingthe
adjacenttown,the75acresiteisdividedbyaravineandinterconnectedwithapedestrianbridge.
thewesternhalfcontainsanentrypiazza,auditorium,extensivelibraryandinterchangeableexhibitionspaces.onthe
eastern
halfofthesite,gallerieswithpermanentdisplaysarehousedwithinaseriesoffiveconcavepeakedroofsprefacingthe
dramatic
himalayanmountains.eachgallerywithintheclusterrepresentsoneofthefivevirtuessymbolicofthesikhfaith.arcadesof
cast
inplaceconcretecolumnssupporttheexteriorfacedwithsandcoloredgwaliorstone.thestainlesssteelroofacquires
qualities
ofthechangingatmosphericconditionswhilewaterisdirectedthroughtheravineintroducingareflectivewatergarden.
khalsaheritagecentregatearchitecture
....................................................

ismailicentegatearchitecture

Architect:RajRewal

................................................................................................................................
nationalartcentregatearchitecture
Answer(B)

Q.28ThetermWorkingheadincontextofwatersupplysystemmeans
(A)Heightofabodyofwaterfallingfreelyundertheforceofgravitytoacquireacertainvelocity
(B)Rateofincreaseofvelocitywithrespecttodistancenormaltothedirectionofflow
(C)Totalheadwithdeductionforvelocityheadorlosses
(D)Differencebetweensupplyanddeliverywaterlevels
Note:Headismeasuredinmeters.histhepressureheadingh.
Answer(D)

Q.29Inatheoreticaltrafficflowrelationship,asshowninthefiguregivenbelow,
theslopeoflineOFjoiningpointFonthecurveandtheoriginOrepresents
OFgatearchitecture
(A)Correspondingspacemeanspeed(B)Speedatmaximumflow
(C)Traveltimeatcorrespondingdensity(D)Averageheadwayatcorrespondingflow
Answer(A)

Q.30MatchtheCADtermsinGroupIwiththeircorrespondingfunctionsinGroupII
GroupI
P.Tiledviewport
Q.UCS
R.DXF
S.Extrude
GroupII
1.Booleanoperator
2.Solidmodel
3.Coordinatesystem
4.Drawinginterchangeformat
5.Modelspace
(A)P4,Q3,R2,S1(B)P2,Q5,R2,S1
(C)P5,Q3,R4,S2(D)P3,Q5,R4,S2Answer(C)

Q.30MatchtheCADtermsinGroupIwiththeircorrespondingfunctionsinGroupII
GroupI
P.Tiledviewport
Q.UCS
R.DXF
S.Extrude
GroupII
1.Booleanoperator
2.Solidmodel
3.Coordinatesystem
4.Drawinginterchangeformat
5.Modelspace
(A)P4,Q3,R2,S1(B)P2,Q5,R2,S1
(C)P5,Q3,R4,S2(D)P3,Q5,R4,S2
viewportgatearchitecture

AviewportinAutoCAD

extrudegatearchitecture
TheEXTRUDEcommandallowsyoutocreateasolidobjectfromcircles,polygons,andobjects,createdfromorconvertedto
Polylines,thathave"closed"paths.

ucs
AutoCADstartedlifeasatwodimensionaldraftingprogram.Itwasnotdesignedfor3D.AlmostalltheAutoCADdrawingand
editcommandscanonlyworkin2D(theexceptionsbeingcommandslike3DPOLYand3DFACE).WhenAutodesk,the
makersofAutoCADincorporated3Dintotheprogramtheyneededsomemethodfordoingsowithoutcompletelyrewriting
thesoftware.ThemethodtheydecideduponhasbecomeknownasUCS,UserCoordinateSystems.

Answer(C)

Q.31MatchthehistoricperiodsinGroupIwiththeircorrespondingexamplesoftownsinGroupII

GroupIGroupII
P.Egyptian1.Miletus
Q.Greek2.Montpazier
R.Medieval3.Kahun
S.Renaissance4.Versailles
5.Timgad
(A)P3,Q1,R2,S4(B)P3,Q1,R4,S5
(C)P4,Q1,R5,S2(D)P5,Q1,R3,S2
khauncitygatearchitecture

Kahun,ancientEgyptiantown,itssitelyinginmodernAlFayymmufaah(governorate).Itwaserectedfortheoverseers
andworkmenemployedinconstructingthenearbypyramidofAlLhn,builtbySesostrisII(reigned184437bce),andit
wasabandonedwhenthepyramidwascompleted.ExcavatedbytheEnglisharchaeologistSirFlindersPetrie(188890),it
revealedacrisscrossofstreetslaidoutinaregularpattern,withhousesbuiltofmudbrickhavingbeamed,flatmudroofs,
opencourtsandporticoes,andtheearliestexamplesofasupportingwoodencolumn,flutedandonaraisedbase.Cretan
polychromeKamreswareandCypriotblackwarewerealsofoundatthesite.
..................................................................................................................
miletusgate
architecture

miletusoatgatearchitecture

MiletuswasanancientGreekcityonthewesterncoastofAnatolia,nearthemouthoftheMaeanderRiverinancientCaria.
ItsruinsarelocatednearthemoderntownofBalatinAydinProvince,Turkey.BeforethePersianinvasioninthemiddleof
the6thcenturyBC,MiletuswasconsideredthegreatestandwealthiestofGreekcities.[
.....................................................................................................................................
MonpazierisavillegeinsouthwestFrance.ThevillageisamemberoftheLesPlusBeauxVillagesdeFrance("Themost
beautifulvillagesofFrance")association.Monpazierwasbuiltin13thcentury.

Answer(A)

Q.32MatchthecomponentsofanIndianurbanlandusemapinGroupIwiththeircorrespondingcolour
codesasperUDPFIguidelinesinGroupII
GroupI
P.Public/Semipublic
Q.Industry
R.Transportation
S.Commercial
GroupII
1.Violet
2.Grey
3.Red
4.Blue
5.Yellow
(A)P1,Q3,R2,S5(B)P2,Q1,R3,S4
(C)P3,Q4,R5,S2(D)P3,Q1,R2,S4Answer(D)

Q.33MatchthebooksinGroupIwiththeircorrespondingauthorsinGroupII
GroupI
P.DesignofCities
Q.OntheCulturalOriginofSettlements
R.UrbanizationandNationalDevelopment
S.PlanningTheory
GroupII
1.AmosRapoport
2.LeoJacobsonandVedPrakash
3.EdmondBacon
4.ChristopherAlexander
5.AndreasFaludi
(A)P3,Q4,R1,S5(B)P3,Q1,R2,S5
(C)P4,Q3,R5,S2(D)P3,Q4,R1,S2Answer(B)

Q.34MatchthetemplesinGroupIwiththeircorrespondinghistoricalperiodsinGroupII
GroupI
P.VaikunthaPerumalTemple,Kancheepuram
Q.MeenakshiTemple,Madurai
R.DurgaTemple,Aihole
S.BrihadeshwaraTemple,Thanjavur
GroupII

1.Vijaynagara
2.Chalukya
3.Chola
4.Pandya
5.Pallava
(A)P2,Q3,R5,S1(B)P5,Q1,R4,S3
(C)P3,Q5,R2,S1(D)P5,Q4,R2,S3

DurgaTemple,Aihole
durgatemplegatearchitecture

TheDurgatempleisanexampleofsouthern(Dravidian)architecturaltype,withalaternortherntypesuperstructureimposed
uponitanincongruityapparentfromthefactthatthesuperstructureisasquarestructureclumsilyfittedoveranapsidal
cella.Thetemplestandsonahighmouldedupapitha(subbase),apsidalonplanandcarryingaperipheralrowofcolumnson
itsedgethatsurroundthemouldedadhishthanaandwallsofanapsidalvimanaanditsfrontmandapa.Thusthecolonnade
formsacoveredcircumambulatorywithaslopingroof.Theopenmandapaiscontinuedforwardonabaseofsmallerwidth.
Theperipheralpillarsofthefrontmandapaandthoseattheforwardendofthecircumambulatoryhavelargestatuaryon
them.Theadhishthanainsideisagainapsidal,mouldedwithallthecomponents,andcarriestheapsidalwallenclosingthe
innerapsidalwallofthecellaorgarbhagrihaandaclosedmahamandapainfrontofit,withtwolinearrowsoffourcolumns
ineachrowthatdivideitintoacentralnaveandlateralaisles.
.......................................................................................................................................................................

meenakshitemplegatearchitecture

TheenormoustemplecomplexisdedicatedtoShiva,knownhereasSundareshvaraandhisconsortParvatiorMeenakshi.
TheoriginaltemplewasbuiltbyKulasekaraPandya,buttheentirecreditformakingthetempleassplendidasitistoday
goestotheNayaks.TheNayaksruledMaduraifromthe16thtothe18thcenturyandleftamajesticimprintoftheirrulein
theMeenakshiSundareswararTemple.
Thetemplecomplexiswithinahighwalledenclosure,atthecoreofwhicharethetwosanctumsformeenakshiand
Sundareshwara,surroundedbyanumberofsmallershrinesandgrandpillaredhalls.Especiallyimpressivearethe12
gopuras.Theirsoaringtowersrisefromsolidgranitebases,andarecoveredwithstuccofiguresofdieties,mythicalanimals
andmonsterspaintedinvividcolours.
TempleTowers
Thereare12templetowers(Gopurams).TheoutertowersarethelandmarksofMadurai.
Gopura
Pyramidalgates(gopuras)risetoaheightofmorethan50m.Thesetoweringgatewaysindicatetheentrancetothetemple
complexatthefourcardinalpoints,whilelessergopurasleadtothesanctumsofthemaindieties.
StuccoWork
Thefiguresofdietiesonthetowerarerepaired,repaintedandrituallyreconsecratedevery12years.
AshtaShakthiMandapam
Avisitorwhoentersthetemplethroughtheeasterngateway,firstentersthisMandapam(Hall).ItwasbuiltbyThirumalai
Nayakar'swivesRudrapathiAmmalandTholimamai.Inthishallfoodwasoncedistributedtothedevoteeswhocamefrom
faroffplaces.NexttothishallistheMeenakshiNayakaMandapa,aspaciouscolumnedhallusedforshopsandstores.
Thishallhasavotivelampholderwith1,008lamps,whicharelitonfestiveoccasionsandpresentaspectacularsight.The
sculpturesonthepillarshererelatesomeofLordShiva'sThiruvilayadals(miracles)andalsothestoryofMeenakshi'sbirth
andherlifeastheprincessofMadurai.
Thestorydescriptedonthestonesisasfollows:
MalayadwajaPandya,akingofMadurai,waschildlessforalongtime.Heperformedanumberofyagnas(sacrificesmade
beforeasacredfire)becausehewantedanheirtohisthrone.Ononeoccasion,athreeyearoldgirlcameoutofthefireand
Malayadwajaadoptedher.ButthegirlhadthreebreastsandthisworriedMalayadwaja.However,adivinevoiceassuredhim
thatthethirdbreastwoulddisappearassoonasshemetherconsort.Thegirlgrewintoabraveandbeautifulprincess.she
wonmanybattles,buteventuallylostherhearttoLordShiva,whenshemethimonthebattlefieldinKailas.Assoonasshe
sawhim,herthirdbreastdisappearedandsherecognizedherdivineconsort,fortheprincesswasnoneotherthanShiva's
wife,Parvathi.AfterrulingoverthePandyakingdomforawhile,theysettledintheMaduraitempleasMeenakshiand
Sundareswarar.
TheThousandPillarMandapam
Itisthe'wonderofthepalace'.Actuallythenumberofpillarscountto985beautifullydecoratedcolumns.Eachpillaris
sculpturedandisamonumentoftheDravidansculpture.ThereisaTempleArtMuseuminthis1000pillarshallwhereyou
canseeicons,photographs,drawings,etc.,exhibitingthe1200yearsoldhistory.Therearesomanyothersmallerand
biggermandapamsinthetemple.
Justoutsidethismandapam,towardsthewest,aretheMusicalPillars.Eachpillarwhenstuck,producesadifferentmusical
note.Thekalyanamandapa,tothesouthofthepillaredhall,iswherethemarriageofShivaandParvatiiscelebratedevery
yearduringtheChitiraiFestivalinmidApril.
VasanthaMandapam
ThismandapamwasbuiltbyThirumalaiNayakkar.VasanthosavamtheSpringfestivaliscelebratedinthismandapamin
Vaikasi(April/May).ItspillarscontainelaboratesculpturesofShiva,Meenakshi,scenesfromtheirweddingaswellasthe
figuresoftenoftheNayakKingsandtheirconsorts.ThisisalsocalledPudhuMandapam.
...........................................................................................
brihadeshawratemplegatearchitecture

ThePeruvudaiyarKovil,alsoknownasBrihadeeswaraTemple,RajaRajeswaraTempleandRajarajeswaram,
atThanjavurintheIndianstateofTamilNadu,isaHindutemplededicatedtoShivaandanartoftheworkachieved
byCholasinTamilarchitecture.ThetempleispartoftheUNESCOWorldHeritageSite"GreatLivingCholaTemples".
ThistempleisoneofIndia'smostprizedarchitecturalsites.Thetemplestandsamidstfortifiedwallsthatwereprobably
addedinthe16thcentury.Thevimanaor(templetower)is216ft(66m)highandisamongthetallestofitskindintheworld.
TheKumbam(KalashaorChikharam)(apexorthebulbousstructureonthetop)ofthetempleiscarvedoutofasinglestone.

ThereisabigstatueofNandi(sacredbull),carvedoutofasinglerock,attheentrancemeasuringabout16feetlongand13
feethigh.
Theentiretemplestructureismadeoutofgranite,thenearestsourcesofwhichareclosetoTiruchchirapalli,about60kmto
thewestofThanjavur,wherethetempleis.
............................................................
vaikunthaperumaltemplegatearchitecture

VaikunthaPerumalTemple,Kanchipuram
TheVaikunthaPerumaltemplewasbuiltsometimeduringtheseventhcenturybythePallavakingNandivarman.Thetemple
isdedicatedtoLordVishnuandthemainshrinehasthreedistinctlevels.Themainshrinehousesfinelycarvedsculpturesof
LordVishnu.ThesesculpturesarehugeinsizeandshowVishnuindifferentstanding,sittingandrecliningpositions.

Answer(D)

Q.35MatchthetheoriesinGroupIwiththeircorrespondingpropagatorsinGroupII
GroupIGroupII
P.Choicetheoryofplanning1.PaulDavidoffandT.A.Reiner
Q.Connurbation2.PatrickGeddes
R.Classicaltheoryoflanduse3.HomerHoyt
S.Centralplacetheory4.RichardL.Meier
5.WalterChristaller
(A)P2,Q3,R5,S1(B)P1,Q2,R4,S5
(C)P4,Q3,R5,S2(D)P5,Q4,R3,S2

Aconurbationisaregioncomprisinganumberofcities,largetowns,andotherurbanareasthat,throughpopulation
growthandphysicalexpansion,havemergedtoformonecontinuousurbanandindustriallydevelopedarea.Inmostcases,a
conurbationisapolycentricurbanagglomeration,inwhichtransportationhasdevelopedtolinkareastocreateasingle
urbanlabourmarketortraveltoworkarea.
Theterm"conurbation"wascoinedasaneologismin1915byPatrickGeddesinhisbookCitiesInEvolution.Hedrew
attentiontotheabilityofthe(then)newtechnologyofelectricpowerandmotorisedtransporttoallowcitiestospreadand
agglomeratetogether,andgaveasexamples"Midlandton"inEngland,theRuhrinGermany,Randstadin
theNetherlands,NewYorkBostonintheUnitedStates,[2]theGreaterTokyoAreaandTaiheiyBeltinJapanandNCRof
DelhiinIndia.
Aconurbationcanbeconfusedwithametropolitanarea.AsthetermisusedinNorthAmerica,ametropolitanareacanbe
definedbytheCensusBureauoritmayconsistofacentralcityanditssuburbs,whileaconurbationconsistsofadjacent
metropolitanareasthatareconnectedwithoneanotherbyurbanization.Internationally,theterm"urbanagglomeration"is
oftenusedtoconveyasimilarmeaningto"conurbation".Aconurbationshouldalsobecontrastedwithamegalopolis,where
theurbanareasareclosebutnotphysicallycontiguousandwherethemergingoflabourmarketshasnotyetdeveloped.
......................................................................................................
centralplacetheorygatearchitecture
Centralplacetheoryisageographicaltheorythatseekstoexplainthenumber,sizeandlocationofhumansettlementsin
anurbansystem.ThetheorywascreatedbytheGermangeographerWalterChristaller,whoassertedthatsettlementssimply
functionedas'centralplaces'providingservicestosurroundingareas
Answer(all)

Q.36MatchthebuildingsinGroupIwiththeircorrespondingstructuralfeatureinGroupII
GroupI
P.YokohamaPortTerminal,Yokohama
Q.StansteadAirport,London
R.TWATerminal,NewYork
S.MontrealBiosphere,Montreal
GroupII
1.GeodesicDome
2.ShellStructure
3.SpaceFrame
4.FoldedSteelPlateStructure
5.PneumaticStructure
(A)P4,Q3,R2,S1(B)P2,Q1,R3,S4
(C)P4,Q3,R5,S2(D)P5,Q3,R4,S2

Yokohama
yokohomagatearchitecture

ThisdesignfortheYokohamaInternationalPortTerminalinterweavesthepublicandpassengerfunctionsofthebuildinginto
anorganicwholethathastherichnessandcomplexityofalargegardenorasmallcity.Thedifferentpartsofthebuildingare
distributedalongthelengthofthesite,onanumberoflevels.Theadjacencyandoverlappingofthesepartsresultinrich
visualrelationshipsandcomplexroutes.Anenclosingwallandlargeopeningstotheskyservetointensifythedensepattern
ofthebuilding'sprogramme,creatingaloosestructureofdifference,whichresemblesthatofagardenoranatural
topography.Theterminalbuildingbecomesakindofwalledgarden,wheretheenclosingperimeteroccludesviewsofthe
harbourandtheMinatodistrictofYokohama.ThecosmicscaleoftheskyandofTokyoBayisjuxtaposedwithaninteriorof
sensualandgregariousinteraction.TheconceptofNiwaminatoisinterpretedthroughthiscontrast:acloseandcomplex
interiorwithintheunifiedimageoftheexterior.CarusoStJohnArchitects

...................................................................
biospheregatearchitecture
ArchitecturalmasterpieceandsymbolofExpo67,theBiosphereisauniqueandspectacularstructure,locatedatParcJean
DrapeauinMontral.
ItsFirstLife
In1967,theAmericangovernmentwascontemplatingitscontributiontoMontral,Canada'supcomingexposition,which
wouldshowcasecountriesfromaroundtheworld.TheU.S.hopedtomakeanimpactoftheexpositionandhiredfamed
architect,RichardBuckminsterFuller,tofashionthedesignforitsbuilding.
Fuller'sarchitecturalskillsresultedinthedesignofahugegeodesicdomethatwouldquicklybecomeoneofthemain
attractionsatthefair.Fullerwasalreadyknownforhisdomesbutthiswas,byfar,hismostelaborateandcomplicatedwork.
TheUnitedStatesPavilionstood200feethigh(61m)andhadasphericaldiameterof250feet(76m).Itwasconstructedas
aframeofsteelpipesenclosingsome1,900moldedacrylicpanels.Thedomeusedanelaboratesystemofretractable
shadingscreenstocontroltheheatinsideandacomputeradjustedthescreensinaccordancewiththedirectionofthesun's
rays.Theresultwasstunning!
ItsSecondLife
WhentheExpowascomplete,insteadofdismantlingthebuilding,theU.S.donatedittothecityofMontreal.Forseveral
years,itservedasanexhibitionareaforplantsandbirds.
Duringstructuralrenovationsin1976,afireoccurredatthedomeandthetransparentouterskinwascompletelylost.Until
1990,accesstothesitewasforbiddenduetostructuralconcerns.
Thatyear,EnvironmentCanadaboughtthestructureatacostof$17.5millioninhopesofbuildingitsBiosphere:an
attraction/museumdevotedtoecoaction,showcasing,observingandstudyingwater,andtheGreatLakesSt.Lawrence
Riverecosystem.ArchitectEricGauthierwasselectedtoredesigntheinteriorinkeepingwithFullersoriginalplans.It
openedin1995.
What'sInside?
AvisittotheBiosphereisatreatforallages,especiallykidswholovehandsoninteractiveexhibits.Thedisplaysand
movieshighlighttheimportanceoftheGreatLakesSt.LawrenceRiverwatershedandendeavortoeducatevisitorsasto
environmentalconcernsthatplaguethearea.
Specialprogramsforgroupsincludeaguidedtourandthechancetoparticipateinexperiments,games,andotheractivities
thatshowcasethearea'swatershed.
...............................................................................................................................
twagatearchitecture

TWAFlightCenter(TWAFlightCenter),wastheoriginalnamefortheEeroSaarinendesignheldatIdlewildAirportTerminal
5,laterrenamedJohnF.InternationalAirportKennedy.
Beforestartingtheproject,SaarinenmadeadeepstudyofthebehavioroftheUSERwithintheairport,whethertravelers,
visitorsorcompanions.Itshowedthattheflowoftravelersintheirjourneys,theyareneverinastraightline,detailtakeninto
accountbythearchitectwhendesigninganenvironmentshapedenvelopes.
SaarinenwasinspiredbytheGothicvaultstohouseanareawithoutcolumnsthatallowsforvariousservices.Althoughthe
structureappearstobeasculpturalpieceofconcreteisreinforcedinsidebyaninvisiblenetworkofsteel,akindof"invisible
steelhammock"thatsupportstheroof.ThisisaYshapedcolumnthatbecomessoplasticandotherbeamsleisurelyhold
responsibleforthefoursectionsoftheroof,whileallowing,throughitsseparation,thezenithpassageofnaturallightand
lightenthevisualweightofthestructure.
Insubsequentmodelsmadetoscale,thiscoverwaschangingitsshapetoadjustfreelytoanelementcapableofsustaining.
Thegreatstructuralconcernwastoavoidexcessivethicknessintheedgebeamthatwouldholdthecantilever.Theform
evolvedfromasinglecontinuousshell,someshellsfastenedbylargeribs,reachingthefinalformconsistsoffourdistinct
arches,withasilhouettepointedout,formingakindoffourpointedstar.Theedgebeamwasconfiguredasaforwardslope
andtheridgethatformsinthebackfillwatercollectionchannelsofthecover.
Thecontinuousflowfromoneareatotheothercreatesaspacewithoutlimits,anarchitectureoffluidity.Columns,arches
andsillsarecombinedtoformasingleelement.
......................................................................................................
stansteadairportlondongatearchitecture

Architect:NormanFoster,Foster+Partners
Majorcantileverandstructuralclustersformthetechnologicalaesthetic!
Answer(A)

Q.37MatchtheFiveYearPlanslistedunderGroupIwiththeircorrespondingfeaturefromGroupII
GroupI
P.FirstFiveYearPlan
Q.FourthFiveYearPlan
R.SeventhFiveYearPlan
S.TenthFiveYearPlan
GroupII
1.FormationofHUDCO
2.EstablishmentofTCPO
3.IntroductionofJNNURM
4.AnnouncementofNationalHousingPolicy
5.PassingofUrbanLandCeilingandRegulationAct
(A)P5,Q2,R4,S3(B)P2,Q1,R4,S3
(C)P4,Q1,R2,S5(D)P1,Q2,R3,S5Answer(B)


Q.38MatchthelandscapedesignerslistedunderGroupIwiththeirappropriatecontributionfromGroupII
GroupI
P.LancelotCapabilityBrown
Q.AndreLeNotre
R.JosephPaxton
S.FrederickLawOlmstead
GroupII
1.TheWelltemperedGarden
2.KewGarden
3.VersaillesGarden
4.CrystalPalace
5.CentralPark
(A)P3,Q1,R4,S2(B)P5,Q3,R4,S2
(C)P3,Q1,R2,S5(D)P2,Q3,R4,S5Answer(D)

Q.39MatchtheorganismtypefromGroupIwiththeappropriateexamplefromGroupII
GroupI
P.Autotroph
Q.Heterotroph
R.Chemotroph
S.Saprophyte
GroupII
1.NitrifyingBacteria
2.Grasshopper
3.Grass
4.Vulture
5.Fungus
(A)P5,Q4,R1,S2(B)P2,Q1,R5,S4
(C)P1,Q2,R4,S5(D)P3,Q2,R1,S5

Notes:Anautotroph("selffeeding",fromtheGreekautos"self"andtrophe"nourishing")or"producer".Exampleplants.
Aheterotrophisanorganismthatcannotfixcarbonandusesorganiccarbonforgrowth.Thiscontrastswithautotrophs,such
asplantsandalgae,whichcanuseenergyfromsunlight(photoautotrophs)orinorganiccompounds(lithoautotrophs).
Chemotrophsareorganismsthatobtainenergybytheoxidationofelectrondonorsintheirenvironments.Thesemolecules
canbeorganic(chemoorganotrophs)orinorganic(chemolithotrophs).Thechemotrophdesignationisincontrastto
phototrophs,whichutilizesolarenergy.Chemotrophscanbeeitherautotrophicorheterotrophic.
Saprotroph,atermusedfororganismswhichobtainnutrientsfromdeadorganicmatter.

Answer(D)

Q.40MatchtheconceptsinGroupIwiththeircorrespondingauthorsinGroupII
GroupI
P.ProxemicsTheory
Q.SerialVision
R.UrbanImageability
S.DefensibleSpace
GroupII
1.GordonCullen
2.EdwardT.Hall
3.OscarNewman
4.PaulZucker
5.KevinLynch

(A)P2,Q1,R5,S3(B)P2,Q1,R3,S4
(C)P4,Q1,R5,S2(D)P3,Q5,R2,S1Answer(A)

Q.41Iftheareacoverageofonesprinkleris20m2,withamaximumandminimumspacingof4.6mand
1.8mrespectively,theminimumnumberofsprinklersrequiredtobearrangedinaregular
orthogonalgridtocovertheareaofa15mx20mroomwouldbe____

Notes:Forminimumno.ofsprinklers,thespacingbetweenthemshouldbemaximum.Letusassume,shapeofarea
coverageofthesprinklerissquare.Asareacoverageofonesprinkleris20m2,sothesideofthesquare=squareroot20=
4.47whichalsosatisfies1.8<4.47<4.6

sprinklergatearchitecture
Answer(20)

Q.42Iftheslopeofahippedroofis60degreesandheightoftheroofis3m,spanoftheroom,inm,would
be_____
Notes:Spanoftheroom=2x(3/tan60).{answer!
spangatearchitecture
Answer(3.4to3.6)

Q.43Volumeofcoarseaggregateinm3presentin1.0m3of1:1.5:3concretemixmadebyvolume
batchingis_______.

Notes:1:1.5:3,where1partofcementistobemixedwith1.5partsofsandand3partsofcoarseaggregates.Water
requirementforthemixwouldbelessthan25litersperbagofcement.

as5.5m3ofconcretemixhas3m3ofcoarseaggregate,
So,1m3ofconcretemixwillhave3/5.5m3ofcoarseaggregate!
Answer(0.5to0.6)

Q.44Atankofinternaldimension3mx5mx4m(LengthxBreadthxHeight)has200mmthickbrick
wallonallsides.Volumeofbrickworkinm3
wouldbe_______.

Notes:internaldimension3mx5mx4m,externaldimension3.2mx5.2mx6.3m
So,requiredvolume=(3.2mx5.2mx6.3m)(3mx5mx4m).{answer!
Answer(13to14)

Q.45Fluxemittedfroma1cdlightsourceinalldirections,inlumens,wouldbe_______.
Notes:4
Answer(12to13)

Q.4650Hectareofresidentialsectorhas65%buildablearea.TheFARofthebuildableareais1.5.
Withintheresidentialsector,60%ofdwellingunitsareofarea100m2eachand40%ofthedwellingunits
areofarea80m2
each.Thegrossresidentialdensity,indwellingunitsperHectare,wouldbe_______.
Notes:Let,N=totalno.ofdwellingunits.FAR=1.5given.
So,totalbuildablearea=50HectareX65%X1.5FAR=(50X0.65X1.5)Hectare=(50X0.65X1.5X10000)m2
Asperquestion,0.6NX100m2+0.4NX80m2=totalbuildablearea
So,0.6NX100m2+0.4NX80m2=(50X0.65X1.5X10000)m2{FindN}
Thegrossresidentialdensity,indwellingunitsperHectare=N/50=106(answer)

Answer(105to107)

Q.47Inthegivenprojectnetworkdiagram,thetotalslackforjobAindayswouldbe
slaggatearchitecture
Notes:ForactivityFtostart,activities(B+C)&(A+E)mustbeenfinished.Asactivities(B+C)takes6daystofinishtostartthe
activityF.Activities(A+E)takes5daystofinishtostarttheactivityF.WhichimpliesthatactivityAcanbedelayedby1day
withoutaffectingthestartofactivityF.Thedelaybyonedayisactuallyslack.
Answer(1)

CommonDataforQuestions48and49:
Thescaleofacontourmapis1:10,000andthecontourintervalis5m.Distancebetweentwogivenpoints
onthemapis2cmandtheelevationdifferencebetweenthetwogivenpointsis10m.

Q.48Theactualdistancebetweenthetwogivenpointsinmwouldbe
(A)2(B)20(C)200(D)2000

Notes:2cminmap=2x20000cminactual=200m

10miselevationdifference(given)

contourgatearchitecture
Answer(C)

Q.49Theslopebetweentwogivenpointsinpercentageis
(A)5(B)10(C)15(D)20
Notes:In200minplan,thereiselevationchangein10m.So,in100minplan,thechangeinelevationwillbe5m(answer).
Answer(A)

CommonDataforQuestions50and51:
Apointloadof3kNactsatmidspanofa4mlongcantileverbeamasshowninfigurebelow.

cantilever

Q.50ShearingforceatfreeendinkNis
(A)0(B)3(C)6(D)12
Notes:obviously0asthereisnomassinthefreeendtoproduceanyshear!
Answer(A)

Q.51BendingmomentatmidspaninkNmis
(A)0(B)2(C)4(D)6
Notes:M=Fl=(3kN)x(2m)=6kNm
Answer(D)

StatementforLinkedAnswerQuestions52and53:

CostofanewbuildingisRs10,00,000anditsscrapvalueafter50yearsisRs.1,00,000.
Usingstraightlinemethod

Q.52TheannualdepreciationofthebuildinginRs.wouldbe
(A)10,000(B)15,000(C)18,000(D)20,000

Notes:annualdepreciation=18000,soafter10yearsthevaluewillbedepreciatedby10x18000=180000
So,thebookvalue=1000000180000=820000
Answer(C)

Q.53Thebookvalueafter10yearsinRs.wouldbe
(A)1,80,000(B)3,60,000(C)6,00,000(D)8,20,000

Notes:annualdepreciation=18000,soafter10yearsthevaluewillbedepreciatedby10x18000=180000
So,thebookvalue=1000000180000=820000
Answer(D)

StatementforLinkedAnswerQuestions54and55:

Aroomofsize100m2
isilluminatedby10lampsof40Whavingaluminousefficacyof50lm/W.

Q.54Totalfluxemittedbythelampsinlumenswouldbe
(A)2,000(B)5,000(C)10,000(D)20,000Answer(D)

Q.55Ifutilizationfactoris0.5,ataworkingheightof90cmabovethefloorlevel,theilluminationinlux
wouldbe
(A)100(B)200(C)500(D)1000Answer(A)

Q.56Anumberisasmuchgreaterthan75asitissmallerthan117.Thenumberis:
(A)91(B)93(C)89(D)96
Notes:startfromthegivenoptions!
Answer(D)

Q.57Theprofessororderedtothestudentstogooutoftheclass.
IIIIIIIV
Whichoftheaboveunderlinedpartsofthesentenceisgrammaticallyincorrect?
(A)I(B)II(C)III(D)IVAnswer(B)

Q.58Whichofthefollowingoptionsistheclosestinmeaningtothewordgivenbelow:
Primeval
(A)Modern(B)Historic(C)Primitive(D)AntiqueAnswer(C)

Q.59Friendship,nomatterhow_________itis,hasitslimitations.
(A)cordial
(B)intimate
(C)secret
(D)pleasantAnswer(B)

Q.60Selectthepairthatbestexpressesarelationshipsimilartothatexpressedinthepair:
Medicine:Health
(A)Science:Experiment(B)Wealth:Peace
(C)Education:Knowledge(D)Money:HappinessAnswer(C)

Q.61XandYaretwopositiverealnumberssuchthat2X+Y6andX+2Y8.Forwhichofthe
followingvaluesof(X,Y)thefunctionf(X,Y)=3X+6Ywillgivemaximumvalue?
(A)(4/3,10/3)
(B)(8/3,20/3)
(C)(8/3,10/3)
(D)(4/3,20/3)
Notes:forquickanswer,putthevaluesofX&Yonebyonefromthefourgivenanswersin3X+6Ytogivemaximumvalue
whichmustalsosatisfy2X+Y6andX+2Y8.
Answer(A)

Q.62If|4X7|=5thenthevaluesof2|X||X|is:
(A)2,1/3(B)1/2,3(C)3/2,9(D)2/3,9

Notes:|4X7|=5=>X=3(when|4X7|is+ve)&X=1/2(if|4X7|isve)
When,X=3,valueof2|X||X|is3
WhenX=1/2valueof2|X||X|is1/2
Answer(B)

Q.63Followingtableprovidesfigures(inrupees)onannualexpenditureofafirmfortwoyears2010and
2011.
In2011,whichofthefollowingtwocategorieshaveregisteredincreasebysamepercentage?
categorygatearchitecture

(A)RawmaterialandSalary&wages
(B)Salary&wagesandAdvertising
(C)Power&fuelandAdvertising
(D)RawmaterialandResearch&DevelopmentAnswer(D)

Q.64AfirmissellingitsproductatRs.60perunit.ThetotalcostofproductionisRs.100andfirmis
earningtotalprofitofRs.500.Later,thetotalcostincreasedby30%.Bywhatpercentagetheprice
shouldbeincreasedtomaintainedthesameprofitlevel.
(A)5(B)10(C)15(D)30
Notes:Initialsellingprice=60(10,costofproduction+50,profit)
Costisincreasedby30%=>10+3=13costofproduction
So,newsellingprice=60+3=63(tomaintainsamelevelofprofit)
Therequired%=(63/60)x100=105=>5%
Answer(A)

Q.65AbhishekiseldertoSavar.SavarisyoungertoAnshul.
Whichofthegivenconclusionsislogicallyvalidandisinferredfromtheabovestatements?
(A)AbhishekiseldertoAnshul
(B)AnshuliseldertoAbhishek
(C)AbhishekandAnshulareofthesameage
(D)NoconclusionfollowsAnswer(D)

ENDOFTHEQUESTIONPAPER
Well,wehavetriedourbesttoprovideauthenticinformation.Anysuggestionforimprovementisalwayswelcome!

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