Solucion de Capitulos Varios de Análisis de Circuitos para Ingenieria.

Engineering Circuit Analysis
1.
8th Edition
Chapter Ten Solutions
(a) -0.7822; -0.544;1.681

(b) 4cos2t: 4; -1.665; -3.960
4sin(2t +90o): 4; -1.665; -3.960
(c) 3.2cos(6t+15o): 3.091; 1.012; 2.429
3.2cos(6t+105o): 3.091; 1.012; 2.429
Copyright 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies. Permission required for reproduction or display. All rights reserved.
2.
8th Edition
(a)
5sin 300t 5 cos(300t 90)
1.95sin t 92 1.95 cos( t 182)
2.7 sin 50t 5 10 cos 50t
2.7 sin 50t cos 5 2.7 cos 50t sin 5 10 cos 50t
2.6897 sin 50t 9.7647 cos 50t 10.13cos(50t 15.4)
(b)
66 cos(9t 10) 66 sin(9t 80)
4.15 cos10t 4.15sin(10t 90)
10 cos 100t 9 10 sin 100t 19
11.0195sin100t 13.1325 cos100t
17.14 cos(100t 40)
17.14 sin(100t 50)
3.
8th Edition
(a) v1 leads i1 by -45o

(b) v1 leads by -45 + 80 = 35o
(c) v1 leads by -45 + 40 = -5o
(d) 5sin(10t 19o) = 5cos(10t 19o) therefore v1 leads by -45 + 109 = 64o
4.
8th Edition
v1 34 cos(10t 125)
(a) i1 5cos10t ; v1 lags i1 by 235 360 125
(b) i1 5cos 10t 80 ; v1 lags i1 by 155 235 80
(c) i1 5cos 10t 40 ;v1 lags i1 by 195 235 40
(d) i1 5cos 10t 40 ;v1 lags i1 by 275 235 40
(e) i1 5sin 10t 19 =5cos(10t 109);v1 lags i1 by 126 235 109
5.
8th Edition
(a) cos4t leads sin4t; sin4t lags cos4t

(b) the first is lagging by 80o
(c) the second is lagging by 80o
(d) the second is lagging by 88o
(e) Neither term lags
6.
8th Edition
(a) cos 3t 7sin 3t 0

7.07 cos(3t 1.4289) 0
3t 1.4289 1.5708
3t 0.1419
t 0.0473 s
Also, 3t 0.1419
t 1.0945 s
and, 3t 0.1419 2
t 2.1417 s
(b) cos 10t 45 0

10t 0.7854 1.5708
10t 0.7854 t 0.0785 s
Also, 10t 0.7854 t 0.3927 s
and, 10t 0.7854 2 t 0.7069 s
(c) cos 5t sin 5t 0

5t 0.7854 1.5708
5t 0.7854 t 0.1571 s
Also, 5t 0.7854 t 0.7854 s
and, 5t 0.7854 2 t 1.4137 s
(d) cos 2t sin 2t cos 5t sin 5t 0

1.4142 cos(1.5t 0.7854) 0
1.5t 0.7854 1.5708
1.5t 2.3562 t 1.5708 s
Also, 1.5t 2.3562 t 3.6652 s
and, 1.5t 2.3562 2 t 5.7596 s
7.
(a)
8th Edition
t = 0; t = 550 ms; t = 0; t = 126 ms
8th Edition
8.
(a) v (t ) 2t ; 0 t 0.5s
v (0.25s ) 0.5 V
(b) Using the first term of the Fourier series only,

v(t )
sin t
v(0.25s )
sin 45 0.5732 V
(c) Using the first three terms of the Fourier series,
v(t )
sin t
8
3
2
sin 3 t
8
5 2
2
sin 5 t
v(0.25s) 0.4866 V
(d)
t=linspace(-1,3);
v = 8/(pi^2)*sin(pi*t);
figure(1);
plot(t,v);
xlabel('t(s)')
8th Edition
ylabel('v(t)V')
title('Plot of v(t)using first term of Fourier series','FontSize',11)
(e)
t=linspace(-1,3);
v = 8/(pi^2)*(sin(pi*t)-1/(3^2)*sin(3*pi*t));
figure(2);
plot(t,v);
xlabel('t(s)')
ylabel('v(t)V')
title('Plot of v(t)using first two terms of Fourier series','FontSize',11)
(f)
8th Edition
t=linspace(-1,3);
v = 8/(pi^2)*(sin(pi*t)-1/(3^2)*sin(3*pi*t)+ 1/(5^2)*sin(5*pi*t));
figure(3);
plot(t,v);
xlabel('t(s)')
ylabel('v(t)V')
title('Plot of v(t)using first three terms of Fourier series','FontSize',11)
9.
(b)
Vrms
8th Edition
Vm
110 V 156 V
115 V 163 V
120 V 170 V
8th Edition
10.
In this problem, when we apply Thevenins theorem with the inductor as the load, we get,
1
1
4.53cos 0.333 103 t 30
0.4118cos 0.333 103 t 30 V
1 10
11
1 10 10
Rth
0.909
1 10 11
voc vs .
Now for a series RL circuit with L 3mH , Rth 0.909 and a source voltage of
0.4118cos 0.333 103 t 30 V , we get,
iL (t )
cos t tan 1
30
R
Rth 2 2 L2
Vm
0.4118
0.909
0.333 103 3 103
0.333 103 3 103

3
1
cos 0.333 10 t tan
30
0.909
0.453cos 0.333 103 t 30 A
iL (t 0) 0.453cos 30 392.3 mA
Now,
diL
3 103 0.333 103 0.453sin 0.333 103 t 30
dt
0.4526 cos 0.333 103 t 120 V
vL (t ) L
vL (t 0) 0.2262 V
vL (t 0)
0.2262 A
R
is (t 0) iR iL 392.3 mA
iR (t 0)
(b) vL (t ) 0.4526 cos 0.333 103 t 120 V

Pspice Verification:
This has been verified using the phasor in Pspice.
8th Edition
11.
8th Edition
8.84cos(100t 0.785) A
12.
8th Edition
In this problem, when we apply Thevenins theorem with the inductor as the load, we get,
voc 25cos100t
1 1 2
1 2
2 12.5cos100t V
Rth 1 1 2 1
Now for a series RL circuit with L 10mH , Rth 1 and a source voltage of
12.5cos100t V , we get,
cos t tan 1
Rth 2 2 L2
Vm
iL (t )
12.5
12 100 10 103
100 10 103
1
cos 100t tan
8.84 cos 100t 45 A
Now,
diL
8.84 10 103 100sin 100t 45
dt
8.84 cos 100t 45 V
vL (t ) L
Voltage across the 2 resistor is equal to vL (t ).

Power dissipated in 2 resistor is given by,
pR (t )
vR 2 vL 2
39.07 cos 2 100t 45 W

R
R
This has been verified using the phasor in Pspice.
8th Edition
13.
8th Edition
1.92cos(40t 0.876) V
14.
8th Edition
Let i be the current flowing in the circuit in the clockwise direction. Then, on applying
KVL, we get,
15i vC 3cos 40t
Substituting, i iC C
30 103
dvC
on the above KVL equation, we get,
dt
dvC
vC 3cos 40t
dt
Let us choose to express the response as,

vC (t ) A cos 40t
dvC
40 A sin 40t
dt
On rewriting the KVL equation, we get,
1.2 A sin 40t A cos 40t 3cos 40t
2
1.2 A
A2 1.2 A cos 40t tan 1
3cos 40t
A
On equating the terms, we get,

A 1.92
tan 1 1.2 50.19

vC (t ) 1.92 cos(40t 50.19) V
Energy stored in a capacitor is given by,
1
wC CvC 2 (t )
2
At t=10 ms,
1
wC (10ms) 2 103 1.712 2.92 mJ
2
At t=40 ms,
1
wC (40ms) 2 103 1.452 2.1 mJ
2
Phasor method is used to verify the solution.
8th Edition
15.
8th Edition
7.02cos(6t 0.359) A
16.
8th Edition
(a) 50 75 50 cos(75) j 50 sin( 75) 12.94 j 48.29

(b)
19e j 30 19 cos(30) j19sin(30) 16.45 j 9.5
2.5 30 0.545 2.5cos(30) j 2.5sin(30) 0.5cos(45) j 0.5sin(45)
2.52 j 0.89
(c) 2 j 2 2 j 2 8 80
(d) 2 j 2 522 2.8245 522 14.1467
17.
8th Edition
(a) 2.88 11.5o

(b) 1 90o
(c) 1 0o
(d) 2.82 + j0.574
(e) 2.87 j4.90
18.
8th Edition
(a) 4 8 j8 45.25 45
(b) 45 215 3.98 j 0.35 1.93 j 0.52 2.05 j 0.17 2.05 4.74
(c) 2 j 9 50 3 j 9 9.5108.44
(d)
j
j
340 2
2.3 j1.93 2 0.34 j 2.01 2.03260.4
10 j 5
10 j 5
(e) 10 j 5 10 j 5 340 2 22540 2 174.36 j144.63 226.5439.68
19.
8th Edition
(a) 7.79 + j4.50

(b) 6.74 j0.023
(c) 7.67 + j87.5
(d) 2.15 + j2.50
(e) 2.89 + j241
20.
(a)
8th Edition
2 j3
2 j3
4
4 3.6 j 0.2 3.6183.18
1 890
1 j8
1025 315
j 2 235 0.52 44.04 290 1.58 j 4.02

(b) 5 10 3 j 5
4.32111.46
1 j 1 j 10
j
3 90
5 45
j
(c)
90 0.2135 8.86 j 0.14 8.860.91
21.
8th Edition
88.7sin(20t 27.5o) mA; 2.31sin(20t + 62.5o) V
8th Edition
22.
Let iL in the complex form be iL Ae j (35t ) A .
Given, is 5sin(35t 10) 5e j (35t 100 ) A
vL L
diL
d
0.4
Ae j (35t ) j14 Ae j (35t )
dt
dt
vR iL R 6 Ae j (35t
vS vC vR vL A(6 j14)e j (35t

iC C
dvC
d
0.01
A(6 j14)e j (35t ) A 4.9 j 2.1 e j (35t )
dt
dt
Applying KCL, we get,
is iC iL
5e j (35t 100 ) 4.43 Ae j (35t
151.69 )
A 1.129 and 251.69 108.31
iL 1.129e j (35t 108.31 ) 1.129 cos(35t 108.31) A

8th Edition
23.
1/2
(62.5) 2 (1.25 ) 2
1.25
cos t 31.3 tan 1

mA
62.5
8th Edition
24.
This problem can be easily solved by performing a source transformation which results in
a circuit with voltage source, resistance and inductance.
Given,
is 5e j10t
vs 10e j10t
The steady-state expression for iL (t ) can be found as:
iL (t )
L
cos t tan 1
R L
Vm
2 2
10 0.4
cos 10t tan 1
22 102 0.42
10
2.24 cos 10t 63.44 A
25.
8th Edition
(a) 75.9 0o
(b) 5 -42o
(c) 1 104o
(d) 8.04 -78.4o
26.
8th Edition
(a) 11sin100t 11cos(100t 90) 11 90

(b) 11cos100t 110
(c) 11cos(100t 90) 11 90
(d) 3cos100t 3sin100t 30 3 90 3 j 3 4.2445
27.
8th Edition
(a) 9cos(2103t + 65o) V

(b) 500cos(2103t + 6o) mA
(c) 14.7cos(2103t + 4o) V
28.
8th Edition
(a)
2 j
2.24 26.56
0.45 71.56 V
V
545
545
(b)
620
j V 0.00564 j1 1 89.67 V
1000
(c) j 52.5 90 V 52.50 V
29.
8th Edition
(a) 0; 11
(b) -11; 0
(c) 0; 11
(d) -3; -3
30.
8th Edition
(a) v (t ) 9 cos(100 t 65) V

At t = 10 ms: v (t ) 9 cos 245 3.8 V
At t = 25 ms: v(t ) 9 cos 515 8.16 V
(b) v (t ) 2 cos(100 t 31) V

At t = 10 ms: v(t ) 2 cos 211 1.71 V
At t = 25 ms: v(t ) 2 cos 481 1.03 V
(c) v (t ) 22 cos(100 t 14) 8 cos(100 t 33) V

At t = 10 ms: v(t ) 22 cos194 8cos 213 14.64 V
At t = 25 ms: v(t ) 22 cos 464 8cos 483 0.97 V
31.
8th Edition
(a) 2 0o
(b) 400 -90o mV
(c) 10 90o V
32.
8th Edition
(a) Phasor current through the resistor:

Using ohms law, we get:
VR IR
I
VR
130 A
R
(b) At =1 rad/s, the voltage across the capacitor-inductor combination is 0 as their

equivalent impedance is 0.
Z eq j j 0
VR

VC L
(c) At = 2 rad/s,
Z eq j 0.5 j 2 j1.5
VC L 130 1.590 1.5120 V
VR
130
0.67 90
VC L 1.5120
33.
8th Edition
(a) 20 0o mV
(b) 31.8 -90o V
(c) 3.14 90o V
(d) 20 -0.1o V
(e) 3.14 89.6o
(f) 20 mV; 0; 0; 20 mV; 21.9 mV
34.
8th Edition
(a) Given:
I10 242 mA
V 40132 mV
1000 rad / s
V 40132
2090
Z
242
I10
The phase angle of 90degrees shows that it is an inductor.

(b) 1000 rad/s
Z L j L j 20
L 20 mH
35.
8th Edition
(a) 2.5 ; (b) 50 35o ; 100 35o
36.
8th Edition
(a) The equivalent impedance of a 1 resistor in series with a 10mH inductor as a

function of is given by,
Z eq R j L 1 j 0.01
(b)
w = logspace(1,5,100);
Z = 1+i*w*0.01;
mag = abs(Z);
semilogx(w, mag);
xlabel('w(rad/s)');
ylabel('Impedance Magnitude (ohm)');
8th Edition
(c)
Z = 1+i*w*0.01;
theta = angle(Z);
theta_degrees = angledim(theta,'radians','degrees');
semilogx(w, theta_degrees);
xlabel('w(rad/s)');
ylabel('Impedance Angle (degrees)');
37.
8th Edition
(a) 1001 -2.9o

(b) 20 90o
(c) 20 88.8o
38.
8th Edition
(a) The equivalent impedance of a 1 resistor in series with a 10mF capacitor as a

function of is given by,
Zeq R
j
j100
1
(b)
Z = 1-i*100*w.^-1;
mag = abs(Z);
semilogx(w, mag);
xlabel('w(rad/s)');
ylabel('Impedance Magnitude (ohm)');
8th Edition
(c)
Z = 1-i*100*w.^-1;
theta = angle(Z);
theta_degrees = angledim(theta,'radians','degrees');
semilogx(w, theta_degrees);
xlabel('w(rad/s)');
ylabel('Impedance Angle (degrees)');
39.
8th Edition
(a) 31.2 -38.7o mS

(b) 64.0 -51.3o mS
(c) 20 89.9o S
(d) 1 -89.9o mS
(e) 1000 89.9o S
40.
8th Edition
Looking into the open terminals we see that the parallel combination of 20 mH and 55
is in series with the series combination of 10 mF and 20 , this combination is in parallel
with 25 .
(a) = 1 rad/s
Z L j L j 0.02
j
j100
C
55 j 0.02
55 j 0.02 20 j100 25
Z eq
22.66 j 5.19 23.24 12.9
55 j 0.02
55 j 0.02 20 j100 25
ZC
(b) = 10 rad/s
Z L j L j 0.2
j
j10
C
55 j 0.2
55 j 0.2 20 j10 25
Z eq
11.74 j 2.88 12.08 13.78
55 j 0.2
55 j 0.2 20 j10 25
ZC
(c) = 100 rad/s
Z L j L j 2
j
j
C
55 j 2
55 j 2 20
Z eq
55 j 2
55 j 2 20
ZC
j 25
11.14 j 0.30 11.14 1.54
j 25
41.
8th Edition
11.3 -5.3o
42.
8th Edition
(a) 3 in series with 2mH
Zeq 3 j 4 553.13
V IZ 3 20 553.13 15 33.13 V
(b) 3 in series with 125F
Zeq 3 j 4 5 53.13
V IZ 3 20 5 53.13 15 73.13 V
(c) 3, 2mH, and 125F in series
Zeq 3 j 4 j 4 30
V IZ 3 20 3 9 20 V
(d) 3, 2mH and 125F in series but = 4 krad/s
Zeq 3 j8 j 2 6.7163.44
V IZ 3 20 6.7163.44 20.13 43.44 V
43.
8th Edition
(a) 30 j0.154
(b) 23.5 + j9.83
(c) 30 + j0.013
(d) 30 + j1.310-5
(e) 30 + 1.310-8
44.
8th Edition
One method is to use the current divider rule in order to calculate i(t). In the given circuit,
there are three parallel branches.
Z eq
1
5 j10 2 j 2
1
2 j 0.67 2.1118.52
Z 2 j 2 2.8345
I Is
Z eq
4 20 2.1118.52 2.98 46.48 A
Z
2.8345
i (t ) 2.98cos(100t 46.48) A
PSpice Verification:
45.
8th Edition
(a) One possible solution: A 1 resistor in series with 1 H and 10-4 F.

(b) One possible solution: A 6.894 resistor in series with 11.2 mH.
(c) One possible solution: A 3 resistor in series with 2.5 mF.
46.
8th Edition
One out of many possible design solutions:

(a) At 10 rad/s, the equivalent admittance is given as, Y 1 S . We can construct this
using a 1 S conductance (1 resistor) in parallel with an inductor L and a capacitor C
such that C
1
0 . Selecting L as 5H arbitrarily yields the value of a capacitor as
L
2mF.
Thus, one design can be 1 resistor in parallel with 5H inductor and 2mF capacitor.
(b) At 10 rad/s, the equivalent admittance is given as,
Y 12 18 S = 11.4127 j 3.7082 S . We can construct this using a 11.4127 S
conductance (87.6 m resistor) in parallel with an inductor L such that
j
j 3.7082 S . This yields the value of the inductor as 26.9 mH.
L
Thus, one design can be 87.6 m resistor in parallel with 26.9 mH inductor.
(c) At 10 rad/s, the equivalent admittance is given as, Y 2 j mS . We can
construct this using a 2 mS conductance (500 resistor) in parallel with a capacitor C
such that j C j 0.001 S . This yields the value of the capacitor as 0.1 mF.
Thus, one design can be 500 resistor in parallel with 0.1 mF capacitor.
47.
8th Edition
BOTH SOURCES ARE SUPPOSED TO OPERATE AT 100 rad/s. Then,

v1(t) = 2.56cos(100t + 139.2o) V; v2(t) = 4.35cos(100t + 138.3o) V.
8th Edition
48.
(a)
(b) In mesh 1, we have I1 2.50 mA .

In mesh 2, we have I 2 1.5 42 mA .
In mesh 3, we have,
I3 I1 ZC I3 I 2 Z L 2I 3 0
3
3
I1ZC I 2 Z L 2.5 10 j 0.4545 1.1147 j1.0037 10 j
I
2 ZC Z L
2 j 0.4545 j
1.004 1.23
0.4843 16.48 mA
2.07315.25
i1 (t ) 2.5cos10t mA
i2 (t ) 1.5cos(10t 42) mA
i3 (t ) 0.4843cos(10t 16.48) mA
8th Edition
49.
8th Edition
v1(t) = 928cos(10t 86.1o) V; v2(t) = 969cos(10t 16.5o) V.
50.
8th Edition
In the circuit given by Fig. 10.60, we have,

V1 I1 j 30 V2 55(I1 I 2 ) and
V1 I1 j 30 V3 I 2 j 20
On simplification. we get,
I1 55 j 30 55I 2 2.2635 j 9.848
I1 j 30 I 2 j 20 0.1045 j 9.0665
Solving for I1and I 2 , we get,
I1 0.6247 j 0.3339 0.7128.12 A
I 2 0.4838 j 0.4956 0.6945.69 A
51.
8th Edition
0.809 -4.8o
52.
8th Edition
Using phasor domain, in mesh 1, we get,

2I1 j10 I1 I 2 2.59
I1 2 j10 I 2 j10 2.4692 j 0.3911
In mesh 2, we get,
j10 I 2 I1 j 0.3I 2 5I1 0
I1 5 j10 I 2 j 9.7 0
On solving eqns [1] and [2] we get,
I1 0.3421 j 0.0695 0.3511.48 A

I 2 0.3169 j 0.2479 0.438.04A
i1 (t ) 0.35cos(10t 11.48) A and
i2 (t ) 0.4 cos(10t 38.04) A
Pspice verification:
8th Edition
53.
8th Edition
2.73 152o A
54.
8th Edition
Using node voltage analysis in phasor domain, we get the nodal equations as,
I1
V1 V1 V2 V1 V2
0
1 j 3.8
j2
j4
I2
V2 V1 V2 V1 V2
0
2
1 j 3.8
j4
I1 150 15 A
I 2 25131 16.4015 j18.8677 A
On simplifying the equations [1] and [2], we get,
V1 0.0648 j 0.4961 V2 0.0648 j 0.0039 15
V1 0.0648 j 0.0039 V2 0.5648 j 0.0039 16.4015 j18.8677
V2 29.5221 j 29.7363 41.9134.8 V

Matlab Verification:
>> syms v1 v2;
eqn1 = (15+v1/(2i)+(v1-v2)/(-4i)+(v1-v2)/(1+3.8i));
eqn2 = (-16.4015+18.8677i+(v1-v2)/(1+3.8i)+(v1-v2)/(-4i)-v2/2);
answer=solve(eqn1, eqn2, 'v1', 'v2');
digits(4);
V2 = vpa(answer.v2)
V2 = -29.52+29.74*i
55.
8th Edition
1.14cos(20t + 12o) V
8th Edition
56.

2I1 4.7 I1 I 2 j 2 I1 I 2 4
6.7 j 2 I1 4.7I 2 j 2I 3 4
In mesh 2, we get,
4.7 I 2 I1 j 0.0562I 2 2 I 2 I 3 0
4.7I1 6.7 j 0.0562 I 2 2I 3 0
In mesh 3, we get,
j 2 I 3 I1 2 I 3 I 2 I 3 0
j 2I1 2I 2 3 j 2 I 3 0
Here, Ix = I3. On solving we get,

I x I 3 1.1104 j 0.2394 1.13612.16 A
ix (t ) 1.136 cos(20t 12.16) A
8th Edition
57.
8th Edition
155cos(14t + 37o) A; 82.2cos(14t = 101o) A; 42.0cos(14t = 155o) A;

71.7cos(14t + 50o) A.
8th Edition
58.
At node A,
V1 VA VA VB VA VB VA
V2 VB VA VB VA VB VB
0.8
At node B,
0.6
0.4
0.4
j 0.02
j 0.02
j14
j16
Given,
V1 0.0090.5 0.009 j 0.000078 V
V2 0.0041.5 0.004 j 0.0001 V
On simplifying the nodal equations [1] and [2], we get,
0.009 j 0.000078
0.8
0.004 j 0.0001
VA 2 j 50 V2 4.1667 j 49.9375
0.6
VA 3.75 j 49.9286 VB 2 j 50
and on solving, we get,
VA 0.00613 j 0.00033 0.006133.09 V

VB 0.00612 j 0.00040 0.006133.75 V
vA 0.00613cos(500t 3.09) V and
vB 0.00613cos(500t 3.75) V
8th Edition
59.
8th Edition
(a)
Rf
Vo
Vs R j
f
C1
j
A
C1
(b)
R f C1
Vo
Vs 1 R C ( R C j ) ( R C j )
f 1
f
f
f
f
8th Edition
60.
j 0.2 I1 I 2 3 I1 I 3 9
3 j 0.2 I1 j 0.2I 2 3I 3 9
In mesh 2, we get,
0.005I1 j1.4 I 2 I 3 j 0.2 I 2 I1 0
0.005 j 0.2 I1 j1.2I 2 j1.4I 4 0
In mesh 3, we get,
j 0.2 I 3 I 4 3 I 3 I1 I 3 j 9 0
3I1 3 j 0.2 I 3 j 0.2I 4 j 9
In mesh 4, we get,
5I 4 j 0.2 I 4 I 3 j1.4 I 4 I 2 j 9
j1.4I 2 j 0.2I 3 I 4 5 j1.2 j 9
On solving we get,
I1 18.33 j 20 27.13132.5 A
I 2 5.092 j 3.432 6.14 33.98 A
I 3 19.76 j 21.55 29.24132.5 A
I 4 1.818 j 0.02 1.82 0.63 A
Therefore,
8th Edition
i1 (t ) 27.13cos(20t 132.5) A
i2 (t ) 6.14 cos(20t 33.98) A
i3 (t ) 29.24 cos(20t 132.5) A
i4 (t ) 1.82 cos(20t 0.63) A
8th Edition
61.
8th Edition
Left hand source contributions:
5.58 -91.8o V; 1.29 -75.9o V
Right hand source contributions:
1.29 -75.9o V; 9.08 -115o V
62.
8th Edition
At node 1,
I1 I 2
V1 V2 V1 0
j5
j3
At node 2,
I2
V1 V2 V2
j5
I1 33 103 3 mA
I 2 51103 91 mA
On simplifying the nodal equations [1] and [2], we get,
V1 j 0.1333 V2 j 0.2 I 2 I1
V1 j 0.2 V2 0.5 j 0.2 I 2
and on solving these we get,

V1 0.4694 j 0.1513 493.18 162.14 mV
V2 0.0493 j 0.27 274.46 100.34 mV
63.
8th Edition
7.995cos(40t + 2.7o) + 0.343cos(30t + 90.1o) mV;

7.995cos(40t + 2.4o) + 1.67cos(30t 180o) mV
64.
8th Edition
Calculate Thevenin Impedance
Zthevenin j 2 410 3.94 j 2.69 4.7734.32

Calculate Thevenin voltage:
V1 1.524 j 2 1.524 290 3114 V
V2 238 410 848 V
VTH V1 V2 3114 848 4.13 j8.68 9.6164.55 V
Current I1 through the impedance (2-j2) is found as:

Z total 3.94 j 2.69 2 j 2 5.94 j 0.69 5.976.626
I1
VTH 9.6164.55
1.657.92 A
Z total 5.976.63
65.
8th Edition
1.56 27.8o A
66.
8th Edition
(a) Thevenin Equivalent

Zthevenin 12 j 34 ( j10)
340 j120
1.67 j13.33 13.4382.86
12 j 24
Using current divider to find the current through j10 branch,

2230 340 j120
Z
12 j 24
29.5522.87 A
I s .Z eq
VTH Voc 29.5522.87 1090 295.46112.87 V

(b) Norton Equivalent
Z norton Zthevenin 1.67 j13.33 13.4382.86

I N I sc 2230 A
(c) Current flowing from a to b
Ztotal 1.67 j13.33 7 j 2 8.67 j11.33 14.2652.57

I1
VTH
295.46112.87
20.7260.3 A
Ztotal
14.2652.57
67.
8th Edition
(b) 259 84.5o V
68.
8th Edition
Let us first consider the current source only.
At node 1,
IS
V2 V1 V1 V1 V2
1
j1
V1 1.5 j V2 1 j j 3
At node 2,
V1 V2 V2 V2 V1
j1
V1 1 j V2 0
I S 3 90 A
On solving the nodal equations [1] and [2], we get,
V1I 0.9231 j1.3846 V
V2I 2.3077 j 0.4615 V
V1 V2I V1I 1.3846 j 0.9231 1.66146.3 V
v1I (t ) 1.66 cos(20t 146.3) V
8th Edition
Now let us consider the voltage source only.
Then the current flowing in the circuit will be,

Is
Vs
2.1
1.1307 j1.4538 A
2
j
Z
j
3 j
8th Edition
Using current divider to find the current through 1 branch,
I1
I s .Z eq
ZR
1.1307 j1.4538 0.7 j 0.1
V1V I1.Z R 0.6461 j1.1307 1.3119.74 V

v1V (t ) 1.3cos(20t 119.74) V
69.
8th Edition
(a) 24cos2(20t 163o) W
70.
8th Edition
Using phasor analysis, we get the open circuit voltage as,

Voc 10 V
For finding the short circuit current through terminal a-b, we can apply KVL,
10 j 0.25I N j 2 I N j 2I N 0.5 j I N
IN
10
0.4 j 0.8 0.89 63.43 A
0.5 j
Now for finding the equivalent impedance,

ZN
VOC
0.5 j
IN
For a parallel combination of a resistor and a capacitor or an inductor,

Z eq
1
0.5 j
R ( jX ) 1
1
1
2.5 and X
1.25 from which at = 1 rad / s , we get,
0.4
0.8
the value of L 1.25 H
71.
8th Edition
(b) IS leads IR by 83o ; IC by -7o ; Ix by 146o
72.
8th Edition
Taking 50 V = 1 inch, from the figure, we get the angle as 122.9. (The figure below
shows for the angle +122.9 only.)
Analytical Solution: On solving,

100 140 120
100 140 cos j140sin 120
122.88
73.
8th Edition
(a) VR = 51.2 -140o V; VL = 143 13o V; IL = 57 -85o A; IC = 51.2 -50o A;

IR = 25.6 26o A
74.
8th Edition
(a) VS 1200 V
Z1 4030
Z 2 50 j 30 58.31 30.96
Z 3 30 j 40 5053.13
I1
VS 1200
3 30 A
Z1 4030
I2
VS
1200
2.05 30.96 A
Z 2 58.31 30.96
I3
VS
1200
2.4 53.13 A
Z 3 5053.13
(b) Here the scale is : 50V = 1 inch and 2A = 1 inch.
(c) From the graph, we find that,

I S 6.2 22 A
75.
8th Edition
(b) 0.333 124o
76.
8th Edition
(a)
(b) Thevenin Impedance
ZTH 1 j 2 2 j 3
j2
j6
1 j 2 2 j3
18 j10
4 j 7
20.6150.94
8.06119.74
2.5531.2
8th Edition
Thevenin voltage:
In order to find the thevenin voltage, after removing the capacitor and on applying node
voltage method, we can write the nodal equations as,
At node A,
5 78 VA' VA'
1
j2
At node B,
4 45 VB' VB'
2
j3
1
2
Solving the nodal equations [1] and [2], we get,

VA' 4.472 51.43 V and
VB' 3.328 11.31 V
VTH VA' VB'

4.472 51.43 3.328 11.31
0.4752 j 2.8437
2.88 99.49 V
8th Edition
Calculate vc(t):
Z c j 3.33 3.33 90
Z total 2.18 j 2.01 2.96 42.67
Vc
VTH Z c
Z total
2.88 99.49 3.33 90
2.96 42.67
3.24 146.82V
vc (t ) 3.24 cos(20t 146.82) V
(c) The current flowing out of the positive terminal of the voltage source is given by
5 78 VA
A. If we apply nodal voltage analysis, we get,
1
At node A,
VC
5 78 VA VA
1
j 2 j 3.33
From (b), we have, VC 3.24 146.82 V
On solving, we get,
VA 2.0348 j3.057 3.67 56.35 V

I 0.995 j1.833 2.08 118.49 A
i(t ) 2.08cos(20t 118.49) A
8th Edition
77.
8th Edition
If both sources operate at 20 rad/s, vc(t) = 510sin(20t 124o) mV. However, in the
present case,
vc(t) = 563sin(20t 77.3o) + 594sin(19t + 140o) mV.
78.
8th Edition
(a)
(b) Using the voltage divider rule, we get,

VO
j
VS 1 j
90 tan 1
(c)
(d) From the plot of the gain, we see that the circuit transfers high frequencies more
effectively to the output.
79.
8th Edition
(b) 1 -90
(d)
Vo
1
Vs
1 2
The circuit transfers low frequencies to the output more effectively, as the gain
approaches zero as the frequency approaches infinity.
80.
8th Edition
One out of many possible design solutions:

Here, the impedance is given as,
Z
22 j 7 4.618 25.65 4.1629 j 2

58
If Z 4.1629 j 2 is constructed using a series combination of single resistor,

capacitor and an inductor, then, R 4.16 and j 2 j L
j
. Selecting L as 200nH
C
arbitrarily yields the value of the capacitor as 0.12pF.

Thus, one design will be 4.16 resistor in series with 200nH inductor and 0.12pF
capacitor.

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Engineering Circuit Analysis

Chapter Ten Solutions

(a) -0.7822; -0.544;1.681

Engineering Circuit Analysis

Chapter Ten Solutions

Engineering Circuit Analysis

Chapter Ten Solutions

(a) v1 leads i1 by -45o

Engineering Circuit Analysis

Chapter Ten Solutions

Engineering Circuit Analysis

Chapter Ten Solutions

(a) cos4t leads sin4t; sin4t lags cos4t

Engineering Circuit Analysis

Chapter Ten Solutions

(a) cos 3t 7sin 3t 0

(b) cos 10t 45 0

(c) cos 5t sin 5t 0

(d) cos 2t sin 2t cos 5t sin 5t 0

Engineering Circuit Analysis

Chapter Ten Solutions

t = 0; t = 550 ms; t = 0; t = 126 ms

Engineering Circuit Analysis

Chapter Ten Solutions

(b) Using the first term of the Fourier series only,

(c) Using the first three terms of the Fourier series,

Engineering Circuit Analysis

Chapter Ten Solutions

Engineering Circuit Analysis

Chapter Ten Solutions

Engineering Circuit Analysis

Chapter Ten Solutions

Engineering Circuit Analysis

Chapter Ten Solutions

0.333 103 3 103

0.333 103 3 103

0.453cos 0.333 103 t 30 A

(b) vL (t ) 0.4526 cos 0.333 103 t 120 V

Engineering Circuit Analysis

Chapter Ten Solutions

Engineering Circuit Analysis

Chapter Ten Solutions

Engineering Circuit Analysis

Chapter Ten Solutions

cos 100t tan

8.84 cos 100t 45 A

Voltage across the 2 resistor is equal to vL (t ).

39.07 cos 2 100t 45 W

Engineering Circuit Analysis

Chapter Ten Solutions

Engineering Circuit Analysis

Chapter Ten Solutions

Engineering Circuit Analysis

Chapter Ten Solutions

Let us choose to express the response as,

On rewriting the KVL equation, we get,

1.2 A sin 40t A cos 40t 3cos 40t

On equating the terms, we get,