Professional Documents
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Tenses Solutions
Tenses Solutions
1. Present tenses
Exercise 1.1.1
Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.
Situation: Some students have to do a survey on the advantages and disadvantages of international fairs.
Solutions are marked in red. In blue, you see the words that are decisive for the tense.
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
Exercise 1.1.2
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
Situation: This is an article from a health magazine.
Solutions are marked in red. In blue, you see the words that are decisive for the tense.
My day usually starts at 6.30. When the alarm rings, I dont get up immediately. I always
try to have a few more minutes in bed, during which I usually listen to the radio news. I
get up at 7 oclock and always go for a short run. My wife never allows me to miss the
run because she says that I always get fat when I dont have enough exercise. The
morning generally consists of hard work in my office. Sometimes I also plan meetings in
the mornings because they mostly require a lot of concentration; consequently, we often
do the rest of the paper work in the afternoon. We usually have lunch at a nearby
restaurant, but sometimes we dont stop for lunch at all.
In the evening, I always spend some time with my children; I generally talk with them or
I watch some TV programme, or I help them with their school work. I hardly ever do
anything else for the rest of the evening. Occasionally I work late, and then I know I drink
lots of coffee. I realize my habits are not so healthy.
Exercise 1.1.3
Put the verb in the brackets into the correct form.
Situation: An insurance company sends out this circular.
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Solutions are marked in red. In blue, you see the words that are decisive for the tense.
Lifelong Insurance Company
23, Coronation Street
London W1
2002-01-12
Mr. Lemming
6, Oxford Street
Cambridge
Dear Sir
Every year, we send letters to home-owners like yourself because it is our
experience that home-owners usually dont insure their homes adequately.
What kinds of insurance do we offer? Quite simply, the Lifelong Insurance
Company provides every kind of insurance policy for every requirement.
Why do we think we are better than other insurance companies? Because, unlike our
competitors, we dont ask you to see us in your home. We dont try to sell you a
policy that you dont need, and we dont increase our prices each year. The Lifelong
Insurance Company always insists on maximum efficiency. Write to the above
address and find out more about us.
Yours faithfully
John Freeman
Managing Director
Exercise 1.1.4
Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct form.
Situation: A visitor to England wants to travel to London by train and is asking for information at the
booking office.
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
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1.2 Present Continuous
Exercise 1.2.1
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
Situation: After a bad car accident, two men are trapped inside their car. One of the men, John, is
unconscious. The ambulance arrives. Ben is talking to the ambulance driver.
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
Exercise 1.2.2
Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the present continuous tense.
situation: An expanding food processing company advertizes for new sales representatives.
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1.3 Present Perfect Simple
Exercise 1.3.1
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
Situation: Two bank robbers are in a bank surrounded by the police. This is part of a radio report on the
siege.
Solutions are marked in red. In blue, you see the words that are decisive for the tense.
This is Joan Harper of Independent Radio reporting the most recent events in the
Dover High Street siege.
The police have now vacated their positions around the building, but the three
officers on the roof have not yet moved away. The police negotiator has just stopped
talking to the robbers, and he has returned to the control car. A helicopter has landed
in a public park a short distance away, and the police have erected barriers at both
ends of the High Street. All the emergency services have arrived: the ambulance men
have placed themselves next to the control car, and the firemen have connected their
hoses to the High Street water supply.
Something is happening at one of the barriers; I cant see clearly. Yes, now I can. A
group of soldiers has just come through the southern barrier, and their Commanding
officer has gone straight to the control car.
Something or someone has just appeared at a first floor window at the bank. Its a
woman. We have recently heard a lot of noises from inside the bank; the robbers have
obviously decided to use different tactics.
The woman has just thrown a box into the street; the box has started burning. The
woman has moved away from the window. Two of the officers on the roof have
begun climbing down to a second floor window. Yes, theyve just reached it. They
have broken the glass and theyre going in now.
Exercise 1.3.2
Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.
Situation: Alan is ill at home. He is bored, so he writes an e-mail to an old friend.
Solutions are marked in red. In blue, you see the words that are decisive for the tense.
Dear Philip
As I have spent a lot of time at home recently, I have been able to think about old
friends and I realize that we havent met for at least 15 years. I have often wondered
how life has treated you so far, and whether or not you have managed to achieve your
ambitions.
But first, some news about myself. I have lived at the above address since 1990. I
have occasionally thought about moving, but I have always been very happy here.
The doctor has just told me to stay at home for a rest and I find I get lonely very
quickly. I have been alone since my wifes death two years ago.
I havent written to any of our old friends for the last ten years. I have often sat down
to start a letter, but I have always been lazy about letter-writing. Anyway, Philip, tell
me all your news. Have you heard from any of our old friends since 1985? Have you
ever attended any of the reunion parties?
I look forward to hearing from you.
Yours
Alan
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1.4 Present Perfect Continuous
Exercise 1.4.1
Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.
Situation: Theres been an attempted robbery in Dover High Street Bank. This is a radio report on the police
siege. It is 3.30 p.m.
Hello again from Dover. My last report was thirty minutes ago, and very little has
happened at the bank. We have been waiting for the two officers to reappear for half
an hour now, and the authorities have been getting more and more worried about
their safety inside the bank. The soldiers have been checking their equipment for the
last twenty minutes and everyone has been speculating about their intentions. The
emergency services have been consolidating their positions in front of the bank, and
the crowd has been growing larger by the minute.
I have with me now one of the senior police officers in charge of the operation.
Chief Superintendent, exactly how long have your men been containing the
robbers?
We have been controlling events for two hours now.
And how long have we been waiting for news from your men inside the bank?
Not as long as you think. We have been receiving regular reports from them since
3.15 p.m. They have been talking to the robbers for some time; my men have been
trying to persuade them to surrender, but we think that the robbers have been
preparing an escape attempt for the last quarter of an hour. Only the woman has
been replying to our questions; we think that the man has been trying to break the
locks on the back door. Of course, we have been expecting an escape attempt for
some time, so we have been positioning our men behind the bank since 3.20 p.m.
They have been waiting for my order to move in closer for the last eight minutes.
Thank you, Chief Superintendent.
So there it is. The siege has been continuing without break since one oclock, but
we think that the end is near. Back now to London.
Exercise 1.4.2
Ladies and gentlemen, I have been looking forward to this meeting for some time. Since our coming to
power, our party has been trying to increase financial aid to agencies like yourselves; we have been
reviewing plans for new National Parks; we have been investigating alternative sources of energy; we
have been calculating the energy needs of the future; and we have been analysing pollution levels in
our cities. The party the development of agencies like yours for many years; the number of agencies
has been growing steadily for the last four years; your own membership numbers have been increasing
rapidly since December last year; and the government has been spending more time and money on the
problems that you bring to our attention. Now, Im sure that you have some questions to ask me.
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Review exercises: all the present tenses
review exercise 1 Put the verbs into a suitable present tense.
Situation: A scheduled flight from New York to London, Heathrow, is in trouble over the Irish Sea. The pilot
is talking to Heathrow Ground Control.
P:
H:
P:
H:
P:
H:
P:
H:
P:
H:
P:
H:
P:
D:
P:
D:
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review exercise 3 Put the verbs into a suitable present tense.
Situation: This is part of a television news programme.
And here are the main points of the main news again. The inflation rate has
been going down for the third month in succession; inflation is now running at
a figure of eight percent. The third anti-nuclear power conference has begun in
Helsinki; national representatives have been spending the first day of the
conference preparing the agenda for the week. And finally ... Excuse me .... We
have just received news of a serious mid-air collision over the Irish Sea.
Apparently two planes have crashed near the Irish coast. Rescue forces have
already left Dublin and all ships in the area now are now sailing to the disaster
point. Two air-sea rescue helicopters have taken off from their base in Wales
and they are now searching the area for survivors.
2. Past tenses
Exercise 2.1.1
Put the verbs into the correct form.
Situation: This is a report in a local newspaper about a serious fire in a furniture factory.
Yesterday evening at 8.30 p.m. a fire started in the Clemence Furniture Factory, Devon.
There were 250 workers at the factory, all of whom managed to escape before the fire
became too serious. The fire brigade arrived only ten minutes after the staff raised the
alarm. It seems that the fire began somewhere in the sawdust collection area of the
production installation. A member of the staff saw the flames and immediately pressed the
nearest alarm button. He then tried to contain the fire himself, but soon realized that he
could not control it so he left the building, after checking the area for remaining personnel
or victims.
The staff cleared the production premisses in record time and the manager reported the
area empty at 8.45. The fire spread rapidly; in spite of the firemens efforts, the fire soon
reached the finishing department and so moved rapidly through the whole factory. The fire
services concentrated on stopping the fire spreading to neighbouring buildings and it
finally burnt itself out at 11.50 last night.
Exercise 2.1.2
Put the verbs into the correct form.
Situation: Here are some questions from a television quiz.
When did Brazil first win the World Cup?
Who was the first man to climb Everest?
How many gold medals did Britain win at the Montreal Olympics?
When did James Hunt retire from Formula 1 driving?
How many times did Rod Laver play at Wimbledon?
When did Mohammed Ali start boxing professionally?
How many goals did West Germany score in the 1980 European Cup Final?
When did Roger Bannister first run a mile in less than four minutes?
Which team did Argentina beat in the 1978 World Cup Final?
When did Bjrn Borg first appear at Wimbledon?
Exercise 2.1.3
Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or present perfect simple.
Situation: A company producing Smoke Less, a tobacco substitute, wants some information about the
possible market for the product. Complete the questionnaire they sent to 1000 cigarette smokers.
2.
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
3.
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
avd
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Exercise 2.1.4
Put the verbs in the brackets into the past simple, present perfect simple or present perfect continuous.
Situation: It is the beginning of the winter holiday period. London Airport is surrounded by thick fog. Two
strangers meet in the departure lounge.
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
Exercise 2.1.5
Put the verbs in the brackets into the past simple, present perfect simple or present perfect continuous.
Situation: Jane is trying to get a job as a foreign affairs journalist with one of the national daily newspapers.
She is at the interview.
A
J
A
J
A
J
A
J
A
J
Now then, Miss Bradford, why are you applying for this particular post?
Because I have always wanted to work abroad and I have always thought that your paper has the
best foreign affairs section.
Yes, I see. Have you ever worked before?
Oh, yes. I ve had several years experience overseas as a freelance journalist and as a
correspondent for the National Globe.
When did you work for the Globe?
I was with them for three years; I started in 1985 and left in 1988.
Why you did you leave?
Because I felt that I needed more experience in different countries. The Globe only employed
me in European countries.
I see. Which other countries you have you worked in since you left the Globe?
I spent six months in Japan in 1999, then I went to South America in October 99; I stayed there
for nine months before I moved on to the USA in 2000. I have been working freelance in the
States for the last eightteen months.
Well, thank you, Miss Bradford, that will be all for the moment. You can expect to hear from us
next week.
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2.2 Past Continuous
Exercise 2.2.1
Put the verb in brackets into the past simple or past continuous.
Situation: There has been a serious air crash over the Irish Sea. This is part of an television report on the
disaster. The reporter is talking to some of the survivors.
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
Excuse me, sir. Can you tell me which plane you you were travelling in?
I was on the plane from New York.
And what you were you doing when the planes collided?
Well, I was asleep until about ten seconds before we crashed; the stewardess
woke me up when she told / was telling us to put on our lifebelts.
So you knew that something was wrong?
Yes, but we didnt know what. In fact, we we were still talking about it when
we hit the other plane. Then our plane went completely out of control.
What happened next?
It seemed that we were falling for hours but I suppose it was only a few
minutes before we hit the sea. I dont know how he did it, but the pilot
managed to land on the sea somehow. Then we left the plane by the
emergency exits.
Exercise 2.2.2
Put the verbs in the brackets into the past continuous or past simple.
Situation: This is part of a newspaper article on the causes of the Irish Sea disaster.
Two weeks ago, the worst air crash in history occurred over the Irish Sea. Civil
aviation experts searched the area for the flight recorders of both planes and after
a two-day search eventually succeeded in finding them.
It seems that the accident was the result of both mechanical failure and human
error. Apparently, trans-atlantic flight NY214 was flying off-course when the
accident happened. A charter flight from Dublin was climbing to 28,000 feet
when Dublin Ground Control realized that there was a second aircraft in the
same sector. Air Traffic Control were sending emergency messages to both
pilots when the crash broke all radio contact.
The experts have suggested that NY214 was flying off-course because
navigational instruments on the plane were giving false readings. The flight
recorder indicates that the flight engineer thought he was receiving accurate
readings.
Exercise 2.2.2
Put the verbs in the brackets into the past continuous or past simple.
Situation: A geology student, Alison, almost drowned when the tide came in faster than she expected. After
being rescued by helicopter, she talks to her boyfriend, Bernard, about what happened.
A Im sorry, Bernard, I didnt mean to worry everybody.
B What happened?
A Well, I was looking for rock specimens in the cliffs. I wanted to complete
my collection for the research project I started last December, and ...
B Well, I know about the project, but what on earth you were you doing so far
from the cliffs?
A I told you. I was collecting specimens. You see; I saw this rock about half a
mile from the cliffs and I decided to check it. Isolated rocks very often have
the most interesting specimens and ...
B Stop talking about that stupid rock! What were you doing when you realized
you couldnt get back to the cliffs?
A I was trying to reach the specimen when I suddenly saw the water. It was
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already very deep and it was still coming in very fast! I felt really very
scared. You know I cant swim, so I ...
B What? You cant swim? You never told me that!
P
S
P
T
P
S
When did you first realize someone had broken into your house ?
Well, when we opened the front door, we noticed that someone had
walked through the hall in muddy shoes and had broken the lock on
the living-room door. And then, when we got into the kitchen, we
saw that the thief, or thieves, had come in through the kitchen
window; they had smashed the glass and opened the window from
the inside.
Anything missing from the kitchen ?
As far as we can tell, theres nothing missing from the kitchen. But it
was an awfull mess.
And what about the living room?
We not couldnt believe our eyes when we first went in. They had
thrown all the books on the floor; they had searched through every
drawer in the desk; they had torn open all the cushions; they had
pulled up the carpet; and they had even smashed all the pictures.
And what was missing?
Well, thats strange. They had taken some cash and smaller pieces of
silver, but they had left a lot of valuable items. They had even left
the cheque books. I dont understand it.
Something or someone had probably disturbed them. It often
happens. Well,, well do our best, but theres not much chance of
recovering your possessions Im afraid.
Exercise 2.3.2
Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.
situation: Phil had his first flying lesson yesterday. Hes now telling Richard what it was like.
R
P
R
P
R
P
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2.4 Past Perfect Continuous
Exercise 2.4.1
Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct form.
Situation: Margaret and Paul arranged to meet outside the cinema in the centre of town. Paul had arrived half
an hour late. The next day, Margaret tells her flatmate what happened.
A Morning, Margaret. Did you have a good time last night?
M No, I didnt! I had been looking forward to it all week, but it was a
disaster.
A What happened?
M Id been standing outside the cinema for twenty minutes when it started
raining. Until then Id been imagining all sorts of excuses for Paul but
after it started raining, I just felt angry.
A How long had you been waiting when he finally arrived?
M I had been walking up and down outside that cinema for at least half an
hour when he finally came! The rain had been getting heavier and
heavier, and Id been growing angrier and angrier. But I didnt say
anything when he eventually arrived.
A Why not?
M Because he was angry with me! Hed been waiting outside the theatre. I
was so angry I couldnt speak.
Exercise 2.4.2
Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple, past perfect simple or past perfect continuous.
ituation: This is part of a television broadcast summarizing the first weeks play at the Wimbledon Tennis
Championships.
Good evening and welcome to Wimbledon. The first week of play produced
the usual surprises, but the biggest of all came when the defending champion
lost in the fourth round. Hed been playing well and hed been beating his
opponents easily until he met the American lefthander in the fourth round.
The champion won the first set, six games to four, and after hed broken the
Americans service early in the second set, everyone thought he had the
match under his control. After five minutes play, the champion had won the
second set, but then the American began to fight back. He broke service
twice in the third set and won it six-two and after they had been playing for
two hours, the American took the fourth set on a tiebreak. The game went
with service in the final set to five-five; then the American played some
wonderful tennis and broke service to lead six-five. He then completed a
memorable match to win seven-five in the final set.
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obviously managed to save a sufficient amount, because a new clock now was now
giving the right time. I continued my walk, trying to find the street where I had
grown up up. I soon got lost because everything had changed. Blocks of high-rise
flats had replaced the streets of old terraced houses and the park had vanished. A
new swimming pool stood over the place where I had scored my first goal in a
football match. I decided I had seen enough so I hurried back to the station and
caught the next train. I wanted to keep my memories safe.
Review exercise 2
Put the verb in the brackets into a suitable past tense.
Situation: This is part of a spy novel called Modern Spy.
Chapter 3
David Lang waited patiently in the shadow of a wall. It was raining steadily; in fact,
it had been raining since he arrived two hours earlier. For the hundreth time, he
checked his watch, looked up and down the street and complained to the dark about
American agents who were always late.
He started thinking about the events of the day and why he had arrived in Central
Europe with no money and no gun. At ten oclock that morning, his boss had called
him into his office and had told him about the radio message the Americans had
received from their Central European agent. After that, Lang had had one hour to
reach the airport. His flight had landed at four oclock in the afternoon and he had
taken a taxi to the corner of the street where he was now standing.
He was checking his watch again when he suddenly heard a man enter the street. He
was moving slowly back into the shadow when something hard hit him on the neck.
He remembered nothing more until he came round ten minutes later and realized he
was travelling by car through the streets of the capital with three armed men.
Review exercise 3
Put the verb in brackets into a suitable past tense.
Situation: Dan and Robert have just finished their final exam at the university. As soon as they come out of
the exam hall, they start discussing the last paper.
D Well, I didnt like that at all. What did you think of it, Robert?
R I thought the questions were not too bad, but after I had read them all carefully, I
realized I had revised the wrong subjects.
D Mm. I know what you mean. Id expected a question on the First World War and
Id been studying it for weeks, but the examiner hadnt included any questions on
it at all. When I had checked the questions twice and Id finally understood that
there were only two questions I could answer, I felt like giving up.
Review exercise 4
Situation: The following won a prize in the local evening papers short story competition.
She got up at 6.30 and made a cup of tea. She hated Monday mornings because
Monday was the day when the working week started for other people. She didnt have
any breakfast because it was getting harder and harder to make the money last. At
8.30 she left her flat and began another day of job hunting.
In the morning she went to all the Job Centres in the city, but there were no vacancies
anywhere. She she had been visiting the same Centres every weekday for the last five
months and she she d only found one possible job in all that time. She had phoned
for an appointment immediately, but they had told her the position had already gone.
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3. Future tenses
Exercise 3.1.1
Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.
Situation: It is Tuesday. Two football fans are talking about the World Cup Final.
A
B
A
B
A
Exercise 3.1.2
Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.
Situation:Ann is in hospital for an operation. She is talking to the surgeon.
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
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3.2 Future with going to
Exercise 3.2.1
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
Situation: This is an extract from a television program on politics. It is two weeks before a General Election.
Members of the audience are asking the politicians questions.
A
B
A
B
C
B
C
B
C
D
A
P
S
P
S
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Review exercises
Review exercise 1
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct future form.
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
Review exercise 2
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
Situation: Margarets eldest son is returning from Australia next month. She decides to throw a party to
celebrate. She phones her daughter to invite het to the party.
M
L
M
L
M
L
M
L
M
L
M
L
Hello, Laura?
Hello, Mum. How are you?
Fine, thanks. Now listen. Richards coming home next month and were going to have a party to
celebrate. Hes arriving on Friday 26th and we think well have the party on Saturday 27th. Are
you doing anything then?
No, I dont think so. Im playing golf on Sunday 28th, but I can change that. Are you going to
book a table in a restaurant or is the party going to be at home?
We havent decided yet. Well probably eat out.
How many people are you going to invite?
Just the family. Richard is staying six weeks, so hell probably have time to see all his friends.
Where is he going to stay?
At home, of course. Perhaps hell visit friends for a night or two, but most of the time hell be
here. So youre definitely coming then?
Oh yes, Im coming. I expect Ill drive up on Friday night after work; I imagine Ill arrive at
about 10.00. Will that be all right?
Wonderful. See you on the 26th, then. Bye.
Bye, Mum.
Review exercise 3
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
Situation: The Course Director in the Hospital Training Department has arranged for a London specialist to
give an evening lecture to his students. He is discussing arrangements with his secretary.
S
Its all arranged. Dr. Webb is travelling down tomorrow night. Im meeting him at the
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station and were driving straight to the Lecture Hall.
D
What is he going to talk about? How long is the lecture going to last? How many people
are we going to invite? Are we going to have an informal discussion afterwards?
Just a minute! One question at a time. He thinks his subject will be Recent Developments in
Open-Heart Surgery; the lecture will probably last about two hours. Were going to invite
all the student nurses but we arent going to allow members of the general public to attend.
Eh, what was the last question?
Oh, no. Hes returning to London immediately because hes performing an operation the
next day. Im taking him back to the station at 9.30.
A
B
Just think! This time next week well be finishing our last exam. I will be checking my
answers for the last time and I I will be looking forward forward to the party after the
exam. What will you be doing, Bill?
I certainly wont be looking forward forward for the party. I will be worrying about the
answers Ive written. I wish I had done more work. I think I will be hoping the exams in
September are easier.
Oh, come on. Dont be so negative! Think about something else. What will you be doing
this time next year?
I hope I will be retaking my exams.
A
B
By the end of this year, how long will you have been a professional golfer?
Well, by December I will have completed ten years on the circuit, but Ill have done only six
years as a professional.
What do you think youll have achieved by the end of the season?
Well, Ill have competed in twenty-five top tournaments. Obviously, I hope Ill have won all
of them, but I honestly dont know which tournaments Ill have won and which Ill have lost.
Ask me again in December.
And what about the US Open?
What about it! This is the tenth year Ill have tried to win it. By the end of the tournament,
Ill have played on that course thirty times. Ill have made the same mistakes thirty times.
Ill have dropped points at the same holes; Ill have finished the course behind younger
players for the tenth year in succession. And Ill have failed to win the tournament yet again.
But you can be sure Ill have done my best to win it!
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3.7 Future Perfect Continuous
Exercise 3.7.1
put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
Situation: Jenny and David are research scientists. They are having coffee and talking about their project.
J
Do you realize well have been working on this project for two years
by the end of the month?
D Yes, I know. Ill have been conducting the same experiments; Ill have
been making the same analyses; Ill have been doing the same
calculations; Ill have been trying to find the same answers for two
whole years!
J I dont know why you are complaining! By June 30th, the project
team will have been studying this problem for five years and Dr.
Weybridge will have been struggling with it for even longer; you
wont have been working on it for even half that time. Even the team
secretary will have been dealing with it for longer than you.
D Yes, but the secretary wont have been having nightmares about
penicillin compounds.
Review exercises: all future tenses
Review exercise 1
Put the verb in brackets into the future simple, future continuous, or future perfect simple
Situation: Two passengers, trapped in a crashed Underground train, are talking to each other while waiting
for the rescue services to reach them.
A
B
A
B
A
B
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Review exercise 2
Put the verbs in brackets into the future with going to, future continuous, or future perfect simple.
Situation: Just after a successful election campaign, the new Prime Minister is explaining his plans for the
next five years.
The new government is going to make a lot of important changes over the
next five years. Were going to create new jobs for the unemployed; were
going to give government grants to industry; were going to start a
programme of house building to help the homeless; and were going to
completely modernize the national railways.
By the end of our first year in office, well have reduced unemployment
figures by fifty percent; well have made grants available to more than 200
companies; well have built 50,000 new homes; well have started the
modernization of the railways; and well have had enough time to consider
plans for lowering interest rates.
In two years time, many of those who are now unemployed will be
working in full-time jobs; companies will be expanding into new markets;
those who are now homeless will be living in new flats and houses; people
will be travelling on modern, efficient trains, and interest rates will be
coming down down.
By the end of our five-year term of government, well have changed this
country beyond recognition; well have achieved full employment; well
have doubled the output of industry; well have solved the problem of the
homeless; and well have modernized the railways. Nobody will have any
regrets about electing this government.
Review exercise 3
Put the verb in brackets into the present continuous, future simple, future continuous of future perfect simple.
Situation: Richard has managed to get a well-paid job abroad. He is talking to Paul, his colleague about his
new job.
R
P
R
P
R
P
R
P
R
P
R
20
Review exercise 4
Put the verbs in brackets into the present continuous, future simple, future with going to or future perfect
simple.
Situation: Its Monday morning. The Cooper family are having breakfast.
A
J
A
J
A
J
A
J
A
21
4. The Passive
Exercise 4.1
Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form of the present simple.
Situation: A party of students is visiting a chocolate factory. The Production Manager is explaining the
manufacturing process. Mind the place of the adverbs: between auxiliary (to be) and participle.
The basic ingredients are kept in large containers; these are refilled at the end
of each day. The ingredients are taken from the containers and they are mixed
in the boilers. The mixture is heated to 120 C and then it is transferred to the
production line, where it is cooled for twenty minutes. The sweet centres are
then moved along the line and each sweet is automatically covered with a layer
of dark chocolate. The chocolate is produced in boilers which are suspended
above the production line. When the sweets are moved along the line, they are
checked three times to make sure theyre all evenly covered. Two checks are
made on the production line and a third check is made when the batch is
finished. Any sweets which are not fully covered are automatically rejected.
The batch is then transferred to the Packing Department, where each sweet is
individually wrapped by machine. The sweets are then packed in boxes; the
boxes are put in cartons of twenty, which are taken to the warehouse for
distribution.
Exercise 4.2
put the verbs in brackets into the past simple, present perfect, or present continuous.
Situation: This is part of a tourist guide on the history of a seaside town in the south of England.
People first began living in Barchester in the 12th century. The first houses
were built in 1155 and by 1200 the town was reported to have a population of
600. Work on the church in High Street was begun in the late 14th century, but
the building wasnt completed until 1670. Unfortunately, much of the old
church was destroyed during the last war, but since 1946 the building has been
carefully renovated.
In the last few years, many of the original medieval buildings have been
uncovered by archaeologists and a great deal has been learnt about the towns
development. Before the 19 th century, most of the inhabitants were employed
on local farms, but when the industrial revolution started, many people were
attracted to the cities where better wages were offered by the large factories.
Since the last war, new jobs have been created by the expanding holiday trade
and the medieval town has been surrounded by new hotels and holiday flats. At
the moment, a new housing estate is being planned but it is being opposed by
residents who want to keep the historical flavour of the town.