‫ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎء ﻟﻠﺼﻒ اﻟﺤﺎدي ﻋﺸﺮ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬

‫أ ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻣﻲ أﺑﻮ اﻟﻌﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫أﻛﺎدﯾﻤﯿﺔ ﻧﺎدي اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺮة‬

‫اﻟﻤﺪة ﻣﻦ ) ‪ -/-‬إﻟﻰ ‪( 2010/-/-‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺐ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬

‫ﻋﻼﻗﺎت اﻟﺤﺠﻢ – اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺴﻢ ‪1 – 5‬‬

‫‪ v‬ﻗﯿﺎس ﺣﺠﻮم اﻟﻐﺎزات اﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻠﺔ وﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺘﮭﺎ‬
‫• ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺎﯾﻠﻮﺳﺎك ﻟﺤﺠﻮم اﻟﻐﺎزات اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪة ‪:‬‬
‫" ﯾﻤﻜﻦ أن ﯾُﻌﺒﱠﺮَ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺠﻮم اﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼت واﻟﻨﻮاﺗﺞ اﻟﻐﺎزﯾﺔ ﺑﻨﺴﺐ ﻋﺪدﯾﺔ ﺑﺴﯿﻄﺔ وذﻟﻚ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺛﺒﺎت درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة واﻟﻀﻐﻂ "‬
‫• ﻗﺎﻧﻮن أﻓﻮﺟﺎدرو‬
‫" اﻟﺤﺠﻮم اﻟﻤﺘﺴﺎوﯾﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺎزات اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺪد ﻧﻔﺴﮫ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﺎت وذﻟﻚ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺸﺮوط ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺿﻐﻂ ودرﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة "‬
‫وﯾﻔﯿﺪ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن أﻓﻮﺟﺎدرو أن ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﻐﺎز ﯾﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻃﺮدﯾﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻛﻤﯿﺔ اﻟﻐﺎز ﻋﻨﺪ ﺛﺒﺎت درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة واﻟﻀﻐﻂ‬
‫ﺣﯿﺚ ان ‪ n‬ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﻛﻤﯿﺔ اﻟﻐﺎز ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﻻت ) ‪ ، ( mol‬وﺗﻤﺜﻞ ‪ K‬ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺎً‬ ‫وﯾﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ذﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ‪V = kn‬‬
‫‪2H2‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪O2‬‬ ‫‪" 2H2O‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل ‪:‬‬
‫ﺟﺰﯾﺌﺎن‬ ‫ﺟﺰئ واﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﯾﺌﺎن‬
‫ﺣﺠﻢ واﺣﺪ )‪ (1L‬ﺣﺠﻤﺎن ) ‪( 2L‬‬ ‫ﺣﺠﻤﺎن ) ‪( 2L‬‬
‫‪2 mol‬‬ ‫‪1 mol‬‬ ‫‪2 mol‬‬
‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫‪ v‬اﻟﺤﺠﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات‬
‫• اﻟﺤﺠﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﻲ اﻟﻘﯿﺎﺳﻲ ﻟﻠﻐﺎز‬
‫" ھﻮ اﻟﺤﺠﻢ اﻟﺬي ﯾﺸﻐﻠُﮫُ ﻣﻮل واﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬وﯾﺴﺎوي ‪" 22.4 L‬‬
‫ﯾﻼﺣﻆ أن ‪ 22.4 L‬ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻏﺎز ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺪد ﻧﻔﺴﮫ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﺎت إﻻ أن ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ھﺬا اﻟﺤﺠﻢ ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز إﻟﻰ آﺧﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫وﺗﺴﺎوي ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻏﺎز اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎز ‪.‬‬
‫‪23‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻮل اﻟﻮاﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎدة ﺟﺰﯾﺌﯿﺔ ﯾﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ أﻓﻮﺟﺎدرو ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﺎت ) ‪ 6.022X10‬ﺟﺰئ (‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻮل ﻣﻦ اﻷﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ ‪ O2‬ﯾﺸﻐﻞ ﺣﺠﻤﺎ ﻗﺪره ‪ -------------‬وﯾﺤﺘﻮي ‪ ----------‬ﺟﺰﯾﺌﺎَ وﯾﺤﺘﻮي ‪ ---------‬ذرة‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻧﺼﻒ ﻣﻮل ﻣﻦ اﻟﮭﯿﺪروﺟﯿﻦ ‪ H2‬ﯾﺸﻐﻞ ﺣﺠﻤﺎ ﻗﺪره ‪ ---------‬وﯾﺤﺘﻮي ‪ ---------‬ﺟﺰﯾﺌﺎَ وﯾﺤﺘﻮي ‪ ---------‬ذرة‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪ 3mol‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﮭﯿﻠﯿﻮم ‪ He‬ﺗﺸﻐﻞ ﺣﺠﻤﺎ ﻗﺪره ‪ -------------‬وﺗﺤﺘﻮي ‪ ----------‬ﺟﺰﯾﺌﺎَ وﺗﺤﺘﻮي ‪ ---------‬ذرة‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻛﻢ ﻟﺘﺮاً ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻠﻮر ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬ﺗﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻊ ‪ 35 L‬ﻣﻦ اﻷﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ وﻓﻖ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ )‪2Cl2(g) + 7O2(g) " 2Cl2O7(l‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
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‫ﺗﻤﺎرﯾﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﯿﺔ‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫)اﻟﺠﻮاب ‪(19.0 g O2‬‬ ‫‪ -1‬ﻣﺎ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ‪ 1.33X10 mL‬ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز اﻷﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬؟ )‪(O=16‬‬
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‫)اﻟﺠﻮاب ‪(37.5 L NO2‬‬ ‫‪ -2‬ﻣﺎ ﺣﺠﻢ ‪ 77.0 g‬ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز ﺛﺎﻧﻲ أﻛﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻨﯿﺘﺮوﺟﯿﻦ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬؟ )‪(N=14،O=16‬‬
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‫)اﻟﺠﻮاب ‪(9 g Cl2‬‬ ‫‪ -3‬ﯾﻨﺘﺞ ‪ 3 L‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻠﻮر ﺑﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻛﯿﻤﯿﺎﺋﻲ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪. STP‬ﻣﺎ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ھﺬا اﻟﻐﺎز؟)‪(Cl=35.45‬‬
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‫)اﻟﺠﻮاب ‪(78 mL‬‬ ‫‪ -4‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﺤﺠﻢ ) ﺑﺎﻟـ ‪ ( mL‬اﻟﺬي ﯾﺸﻐﻠﮫ ‪ 0.0035 mol‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﯿﺜﺎن ‪ CH4‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬؟‬
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‫)اﻟﺠﻮاب ‪(6.03 mol‬‬ ‫‪ -5‬ﻛﻢ ﻣﻮﻻ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز اﻷﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ ﻓﻲ ‪ 135 L‬ﻣﻦ اﻷﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬؟‬
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‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

 ‫ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎء ﻟﻠﺼﻒ اﻟﺤﺎدي ﻋﺸﺮ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬
‫أ ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻣﻲ أﺑﻮ اﻟﻌﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫أﻛﺎدﯾﻤﯿﺔ ﻧﺎدي اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺮة‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪة ﻣﻦ ) ‪ -/-‬إﻟﻰ ‪( 2010/-/-‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺐ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬

‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺴﻢ ‪2 – 5‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ‪ :‬ﻋﻼﻗﺔ رﯾﺎﺿﯿﺔ ﺗﺮﺑﻂ ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﻐﺎز وﺣﺠﻤﮫ ودرﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارﺗﮫ وﻋﺪد ﻣﻮﻻﺗﮫ‬
‫ﻓﻤﺜﻼً‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺈذا ازداد ﻋﺪد اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﺎت ﻋﻨﺪ ﺣﺠﻢ ودرﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ﺛﺎﺑﺘﯿﻦ ﺗﺰداد ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺎدم وھﺬا ﯾﺆدي إﻟﻰ زﯾﺎدة اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬وإذا ازداد ﻋﺪد اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﺎت ﻋﻨﺪ ﺛﺒﺎت اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ودرﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﺑﺤﺴﺐ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن أﻓﻮﺟﺎدرو ﻓﺈن اﻟﺤﺠﻢ ﯾﺰﯾﺪ ‪.‬‬
‫• اﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﺷﺘﻘﺎق اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻟﺤﺴﺎب ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﻣﺠﮭﻮﻟﺔ ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻌﯿﻨﺎت ﻏﺎز ﺑﺪﻣﺞ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﻮﯾﻞ وﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺷﺎرل وﻗﺎﻧﻮن أﻓﻮﺟﺎدرو ‪:‬‬
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‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

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‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

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‫ﺣﯿﺚ ‪ R‬ﯾﻤﺜﻞ ﻗﯿﻤﺔ اﻟﻜﻤﯿﺔ اﻟﻘﺮﯾﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ‪ PV/nT‬ﻷي ﻏﺎز ﯾﻘﺮبُ ﺳﻠﻮﻛُﮫُ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻠﻮك اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫‪nRT‬‬ ‫وﻣﻨﮭﺎ ﺗﺸﺘﻖ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ‪ PV = nRT‬أو‬
‫=‪V‬‬
‫‪P‬‬
‫‪ -‬وﺗﻨﺺ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﺣﺠﻢ أي ﻏﺎز ﯾﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻃﺮدﯾﺎً ﻣﻊ ﻋﺪد ﻣﻮﻻت ) أو ﺟﺰﯾﺌﺎت ( ھﺬا اﻟﻐﺎز ودرﺟﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺮارﺗﮫ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﻔﻦ ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﯾﺘﻐﯿﺮ اﻟﺤﺠﻢ ﻋﻜﺴﯿﺎً ﻣﻊ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺤﻮﯾﻞ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ إﻟﻰ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﻮﯾﻞ أو ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺷﺎرل أو ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺎﯾﻠﻮﺳﺎك أو ﻗﺎﻧﻮن أﻓﻮﺟﺎدرو ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﻤﺘﻐﯿﺮات ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺛﺎﺑﺖ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ‪ ،‬ﯾﻌﺮف اﻟﺜﺎﺑﺖ ‪ R‬ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ‪ ،‬وﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻗﯿﻤﺘﮫ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻮﺣﺪات اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻀﻐﻂ‬
‫واﻟﺤﺠﻢ ودرﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻟﺤﺴﺎب ﻗﯿﻤﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ‪ R‬ﻧﻌﻮض ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻤﺎ ﯾﻠﻲ ‪:‬‬
‫)‪PV (1atm)(22.41410 L‬‬ ‫‪L•atm‬‬
‫=‪R‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫= ‪= 0.0821‬‬
‫‪nT‬‬ ‫)‪(1mol)(273.15 K‬‬ ‫‪1mol•K‬‬

‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻖ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾﺪ اﻟﺸﺮوط ﻟﻌﯿﻨﺔ ﻏﺎز ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻌﺮف ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺘﻐﯿﺮات اﻷرﺑﻌﺔ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪ n , T , V , P‬وﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل ھﺬه اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻟﺤﺴﺎب اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ أو ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻏﺎز ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﯾﺠﺐ اﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻼﺋﻤﺔ وﺣﺪات اﻟﻜﻤﯿﺎت اﻟﻤﻌﺮوﻓﺔ ﻟﻮﺣﺪات ‪ ، R‬وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ أﻧﻚ ﺗﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻮﺣﺪات اﻟﺼﺤﯿﺤﺔ‬
‫وﻓﻲ ھﺬا اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﺳﺘﺴﺘﺨﺪم )‪R = 0.0821 L•atm /(mol•K‬‬

‫‪ -‬اﻟﻘﯿﻢ اﻟﻌﺪدﯾﺔ ﻟﺜﺎﺑﺖ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ‪ R‬اﻟﺠﺪول ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ‪ 147‬ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﻲ ‪.‬‬

‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

 ‫ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎء ﻟﻠﺼﻒ اﻟﺤﺎدي ﻋﺸﺮ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬
‫أ ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻣﻲ أﺑﻮ اﻟﻌﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫أﻛﺎدﯾﻤﯿﺔ ﻧﺎدي اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺮة‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪة ﻣﻦ ) ‪ -/-‬إﻟﻰ ‪( 2010/-/-‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺐ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺎرﯾﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﯿﺔ‬
‫‪ -1‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﻤﻘﯿﺲ ﺑـ ‪ atm‬اﻟﺬي ﺗﻤﺎرﺳﮫ ﻋﯿّﻨﺔ ﻣﻘﺪارھﺎ ‪ 0.500 mol‬ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز اﻟﻨﯿﺘﺮوﺟﯿﻦ ﻓﻲ وﻋﺎء ﺣﺠﻤﮫ ‪10.0 L‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 298 K‬؟‬
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‫‪ -2‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺑـ ‪ atm‬اﻟﻤﺒﺬول ﻣﻦ ‪ 0.325 mol‬ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز اﻟﮭﯿﺪروﺟﯿﻦ ﻓﻲ وﻋﺎء ﺣﺠﻤﮫ ‪ 4.08 L‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة‬
‫‪ 35°C‬؟‬
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‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

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‫‪ -3‬ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز ﻣﻘﺪارھﺎ ‪ 1.45 mol‬وﺿﻌﺖ ﻓﻲ وﻋﺎء ﺣﺠﻤﮫ ‪ 8.77 L‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 20°C‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﺬي‬
‫ﺗﻤﺎرﺳﮫ ھﺬه اﻟﻌﯿﻨﺔ ﻣﻌﺒﺮاً ﻋﻨﮭﺎ ﺑـ ‪ atm‬؟‬
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‫‪ -4‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﺤﺠﻢ ﺑـ ‪ L‬اﻟﺬي ﯾﺸﻐﻠُﮫ ‪ 0.250 mol‬ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز اﻷﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 20.0°C‬وﺿﻐﻂ ‪ 0.974atm‬؟‬
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‫‪ -5‬ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 4.38 mol‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 250. K‬وﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﻐﻂ ‪ 0.857 atm‬ﻣﺎ ﺣﺠﻤﮭﺎ ؟‬
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‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎء ﻟﻠﺼﻒ اﻟﺤﺎدي ﻋﺸﺮ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬
‫أ ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻣﻲ أﺑﻮ اﻟﻌﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫أﻛﺎدﯾﻤﯿﺔ ﻧﺎدي اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺮة‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪة ﻣﻦ ) ‪ -/-‬إﻟﻰ ‪( 2010/-/-‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺐ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬

‫‪ -6‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﺤﺠﻢ اﻟﺬي ﯾﺸﻐﻠُﮫ ‪ 0.909 mol‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﯿﺘﺮوﺟﯿﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 125°C‬وﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﻐﻂ ‪ 0.901 atm‬؟‬
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‫‪ -7‬ﻣﺎ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ﻏﺎز ﻛﻠﻮر ‪ Cl2‬ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺮاﻣﺎت ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة ﻓﻲ ﺧﺰان ﺣﺠﻤﮫ ‪ 10.0 L‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 27°C‬وﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﻐﻂ‬
‫‪ ( 35.45=Cl ) 3.50 atm‬؟‬
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‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

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‫‪ -8‬ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪد ﺟﺮاﻣﺎت ﻏﺎز ﺛﺎﻧﻲ أﻛﺴﯿﺪ ﻛﺮﺑﻮن ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﻓﻲ وﻋﺎء ﺣﺠﻤﮫ ‪ 45.1 L‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪34°C‬‬
‫و ﺿﻐﻂ ‪ ( 16.0 =O , 12.01=C ) 1.04 atm‬؟‬
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‫‪ -9‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺮاﻣﺎت ﻟﻐﺎز اﻷﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد داﺧﻞ وﻋﺎء ﺣﺠﻤُﮫ ‪ 12.5 L‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪45°C‬‬
‫و ﺿﻐﻂ ‪ ( 16.0 =O ) 7.22 atm‬؟‬
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‫‪ -10‬وﺿﻌﺖ ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ أﻛﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮭﺎ ‪ 0.30 g‬داﺧﻞ وﻋﺎء ﺣﺠﻤُﮫ ‪ 250 mL‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪400K‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﺬي ﯾﻤﺎرﺳُﮫُ ھﺬا اﻟﻐﺎز ) ‪ ( 16.0 =O , 12.01=C‬؟‬
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‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

 ‫ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎء ﻟﻠﺼﻒ اﻟﺤﺎدي ﻋﺸﺮ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬
‫أ ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻣﻲ أﺑﻮ اﻟﻌﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫أﻛﺎدﯾﻤﯿﺔ ﻧﺎدي اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺮة‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪة ﻣﻦ ) ‪ -/-‬إﻟﻰ ‪( 2010/-/-‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺐ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬

‫‪ -‬اﯾﺠﺎد اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ أو اﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﻧﻄﻼﻗﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ‬

‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﻮﯾﺾ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ﺗﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫‪ -‬اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ ) ‪ = ( m‬اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ) ‪ × ( M‬ﻋﺪد اﻟﻤﻮﻻت ) ‪( n‬‬
‫‪mRT‬‬ ‫‪mRT‬‬
‫= ‪PV‬‬ ‫أو‬ ‫=‪M‬‬
‫‪M‬‬ ‫‪PV‬‬

‫‪ -‬اﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ ) ‪ = ( D‬اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ ) ‪ ÷ ( m‬اﻟﺤﺠﻢ ) ‪ ( V‬وﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﻮﯾﺾ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ ‪D = m /V‬‬

‫‪MP‬‬
‫=‪D‬‬ ‫وﺑﺘﺮﺗﯿﺒﮭﺎ ﺗﻨﺘﺞ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫‪mRT = DRT‬‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺒﺢ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ‬
‫‪RT‬‬ ‫=‪M‬‬
‫‪PV‬‬ ‫‪P‬‬

‫وﻣﻨﮭﺎ ﯾﺘﻀﺢ أن ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﻏﺎز ﻣﺎ ﺗﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻃﺮدﯾﺎً ﻣﻊ اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ واﻟﻀﻐﻂ ‪ ،‬وﺗﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻋﻜﺴﯿﺎً ﻣﻊ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﻔﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻤﺎرﯾﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﯿﺔ‬
‫‪°‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ﻟﻌﯿﻨﺔ ﻏﺎز ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮭﺎ ‪ 5.16 g‬وﺣﺠﻤﮭﺎ ‪ 1.00 L‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﻐﻂ ‪ 0.974 atm‬وﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 28 C‬؟‬
‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

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‫‪ -2‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ﻟﻐﺎز ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮫ ‪ 0.427 g‬وﺣﺠﻤﮫ ‪ 125 mL‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 20.0°C‬وﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﻐﻂ ‪0.980 atm‬‬
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‫‪ -3‬ﻣﺎ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎزاﻷﻣﻮﻧﯿﺎ ‪ NH3‬إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ‪ 0.928 atm‬ودرﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ‪ 63.0°C‬؟‬
‫)‪(N=14.01 , H=1.01‬‬
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‫‪ -4‬ﻏﺎز ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ‪ 2.0 g/L‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﻐﻂ ‪ 1.50 atm‬ودرﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ‪ 27°C‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ﻟﮭﺬا اﻟﻐﺎز ؟‬
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‫‪ -5‬ﻣﺎ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﻏﺎزاﻷرﺟﻮن ‪ Ar‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﻐﻂ ‪ 551 torr‬وﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 25°C‬؟ )‪(Ar = 39.95‬‬
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‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

 ‫ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎء ﻟﻠﺼﻒ اﻟﺤﺎدي ﻋﺸﺮ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬
‫أ ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻣﻲ أﺑﻮ اﻟﻌﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫أﻛﺎدﯾﻤﯿﺔ ﻧﺎدي اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺮة‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪة ﻣﻦ ) ‪ -/-‬إﻟﻰ ‪( 2010/-/-‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺐ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬

‫اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎت اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎﺋﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺴﻢ ‪3 – 5‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻖ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ ﺟﺎﯾﻠﻮﺳﺎك ﻟﻠﺤﺠﻮم اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪة وأﻓﻮﺟﺎدرو ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺴﺎب اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎﺋﻲ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼت اﻟﻐﺎزﯾﺔ اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎﺋﯿﺔ ﺗﺤﺪد ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼت اﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼت أو اﻟﻨﻮاﺗﺞ ﻛﻤﯿﺎت اﻟﻤﻮﻻت وﻧﺴﺒﮭﺎ واﻟﻨﺴﺐ اﻟﺤﺠﻤﯿﺔ ﻟﺘﻠﻚ اﻟﻤﻮاد‬
‫) )‪( 2CO(g) + O2(g) " 2CO2(g‬‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺜﺎل ‪:‬‬
‫• ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺎت اﻟﺤﺠﻢ – اﻟﺤﺠﻢ‬
‫ﺗﻤﺎرﯾﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﯿﺔ‬
‫‪ -1‬ﯾُﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻏﺎز اﻟﺒﺮوﺑﺎن ‪ C3H8‬أﺣﯿﺎﻧﺎً ﻛﻮﻗﻮد ﻟﻠﻄﮭﻲ واﻟﺘﺪﻓﺌﺔ ‪ ،‬وﯾﺘﻢ اﺣﺘﺮاق اﻟﺒﺮوﺑﺎن اﺣﺘﺮاﻗﺎً ﺗﺎﻣﺎً وﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫)‪C3H8(g) + 5O2(g‬‬ ‫)‪" 3CO2(g) + 4H2O(g‬‬
‫أ – ﻣﺎ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻷﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ ) ﺑـ ‪ ( L‬اﻟﻼزم ﻻﺣﺘﺮاق ‪ 0.350 L‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﺮوﺑﺎن ﺑﺼﻮرة ﺗﺎﻣﺔ ‪.‬‬
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‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

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‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫‪ -2‬ﻣﺎ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻏﺎز اﻟﮭﯿﺪروﺟﯿﻦ اﻟﻼزم ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﺘﺎم ﻣﻊ ‪ 4.55 L‬ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز اﻷﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ ﻟﺘﻜﻮﯾﻦ ﺑﺨﺎر اﻟﻤﺎء ؟‬
‫ﻣﻔﺘﺮﺿﺎً أن ﺟﻤﯿﻊ ﻗﯿﺎﺳﺎت اﻟﺤﺠﻮم ﻗﺪ أﺟﺮﯾﺖ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺸﺮوط ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة وﺿﻐﻂ‬
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‫ﻣﺎ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻏﺎز اﻷﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ اﻟﻼزم ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﺘﺎم ﻣﻊ ‪ 0.626 L‬ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز أول أﻛﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن ﻟﺘﻜﻮﯾﻦ ﻏﺎز ﺛﺎﻧﻲ أﻛﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن ؟‬ ‫‪-3‬‬
‫ﻣﻔﺘﺮﺿﺎً أن ﻗﯿﺎس اﻟﺤﺠﻮم ﻗﺪ ﺟﺮى ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺸﺮوط ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة وﺿﻐﻂ‬
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‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ أن ﯾﻨﺘﺞ ﺣﻤﺾ اﻟﻨﯿﺘﺮﯾﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ أﻛﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻨﯿﺘﺮوﺟﯿﻦ اﻟﻐﺎزي ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﺎء ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪-4‬‬
‫إذا ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ‪ 708 L‬ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز ‪ NO2‬ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﺎء ﻓﻤﺎ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻏﺎز‬ ‫)‪3NO2(g) + H2O(l) " 2HNO3(l) + NO(g‬‬
‫اﻟــــ ‪ NO‬اﻟﺬي ﯾﻨﺘﺞ ؟ ﻣﻔﺘﺮﺿﺎً أن اﻟﻐﺎزات ﻣﻘﯿﺴﺔ ﻛﻠﮭﺎ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺸﺮوط ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ ‪.‬‬
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‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

 ‫ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎء ﻟﻠﺼﻒ اﻟﺤﺎدي ﻋﺸﺮ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬
‫أ ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻣﻲ أﺑﻮ اﻟﻌﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫أﻛﺎدﯾﻤﯿﺔ ﻧﺎدي اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺮة‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪة ﻣﻦ ) ‪ -/-‬إﻟﻰ ‪( 2010/-/-‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺐ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬

‫• ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺎت اﻟﺤﺠﻢ – اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ و اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ – اﻟﺤﺠﻢ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻻﯾﺠﺎد اﻟﻤﺠﮭﻮل ﯾﺠﺐ ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻈﺮوف اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻢ ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺒﮭﺎ ﻗﯿﺎس ﺣﺠﻮم اﻟﻐﺎزات اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺔ واﻟﻤﺠﮭﻮﻟﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﺤﺴﺎب اﻟﻘﯿﻢ اﻟﻤﻘﯿﺴﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ﻗﯿﺎﺳﯿﺔ أو ﻏﯿﺮ ﻗﯿﺎﺳﯿﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺎرﯾﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﯿﺔ‬
‫‪ -1‬ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﺣﺒﯿﺎت اﻷﻟﻮﻣﻨﯿﻮم اﻟﺪﻗﯿﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﯿﻂ ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻒ ﻣﺠﺎري اﻟﺼﺮف ‪ ،‬وذﻟﻚ ﻷﻧﮫ ﯾﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻊ ھﯿﺪروﻛﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﺼﻮدﯾﻮم‬
‫ﻟﯿﺤﺮرا ﻓﻲ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻧﻔﺴﮫ اﻟﺤﺮارة وﻓﻘﺎﻗﯿﻊ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻠﺘﯿﻦ ﺗﺴﺎھﻤﺎن ﻓﻲ إزاﻟﺔ اﻧﺴﺪاد ﻣﺠﺎري اﻟﺼﺮف ‪ .‬واﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ھﻮ )‪2NaOH(aq) + 2Al(s) + 6H2O(l) " 2NaAl(OH)4(aq) + 3H2(g‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ اﻷﻟﻮﻣﻨﯿﻮم اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻠﺰم ﻹﻧﺘﺎج ‪ 4.00 L‬ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز اﻟﮭﯿﺪروﺟﯿﻦ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬؟ ) ‪( Al = 26.98‬‬
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‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

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‫‪ -2‬ﻣﺎ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻜﺒﺮﯾﺖ اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ ﻹﻧﺘﺎج ‪ 12.61 L‬ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز ﺛﺎﻧﻲ أﻛﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻜﺒﺮﯾﺖ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬ووﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫)‪S8(s) + 8O2(g) " 8SO2(g‬‬ ‫) ‪( 16 = O , 32.07 = S‬‬
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‫‪ -3‬ﻛﻢ ﺟﺮاﻣﺎً ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺎء ﯾﻨﺘﺞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﺘﺎم ﻟـ ‪ 3.44 L‬ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز اﻷﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ ﻣﻊ ﻏﺎز اﻟﮭﯿﺪروﺟﯿﻦ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬؟ ) ‪( 16 = O , 1.01= H‬‬
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‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

 ‫ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎء ﻟﻠﺼﻒ اﻟﺤﺎدي ﻋﺸﺮ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬
‫أ ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻣﻲ أﺑﻮ اﻟﻌﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫أﻛﺎدﯾﻤﯿﺔ ﻧﺎدي اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺮة‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪة ﻣﻦ ) ‪ -/-‬إﻟﻰ ‪( 2010/-/-‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺐ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬

‫‪ -4‬ﺗﻨﺘﻔﺦ أﻛﯿﺎس اﻟﮭﻮاء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﯿﺎرات ﻋﻠﻰ أﺛﺮ ﺗﻔﻜﻚ ﻟﺤﻈﻲ ﻷزﯾﺪ اﻟﺼﻮدﯾﻮم ‪ NaN3‬ﻋﺒﺮ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ‪:‬‬
‫)‪2NaN3(s) " 3N2(g) + 2Na(s‬‬
‫‪°‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻏﺎز اﻟﻨﯿﺘﺮوﺟﯿﻦ ‪ N2‬اﻟﻤﻘﯿﺲ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﻐﻂ ‪ 1.30 atm‬وﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ‪ 87 C‬واﻟﺬي ﯾﻨﺘﺞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ‪ 70 g‬ﻣﻦ ‪ NaN3‬؟ ) ‪( Na = 22.99 , N = 14.01‬‬
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‫‪ -5‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﺤﺠﻢ اﻟﻼزم ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز اﻟﻜﻠﻮر ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 38°C‬وﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﻐﻂ ‪ 1.63 atm‬ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﺘﺎم‬
‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫ﻣﻊ ‪ 10.4 g‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﻮدﯾﻮم ﻹﻧﺘﺎج ‪ NaCl‬؟ ) ‪( 35.45 = Cl , 22.99 = Na‬‬
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‫‪ -6‬ﻛﻢ ﻟﺘﺮاً ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز أول أﻛﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 27°C‬وﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﻐﻂ ‪ 0.247 atm‬ﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﻧﺘﺎﺟﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺣﺮق ‪ 65.5 g‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن وﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ؟ ) ‪( 16.0 = O , 12.01 = C‬‬
‫) )‪( 2C(s) + O2(g) " 2CO(g‬‬
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‫‪ -7‬ﻛﻢ ﻟﺘﺮاً ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز اﻷﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺠﻤﯿﻌﮭﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 25°C‬وﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﻐﻂ ‪ 0.987 atm‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﯾﺘﻔﻜﻚ‬
‫‪ 30.6 g‬ﻣﻦ ‪ KClO3‬ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺴﺨﯿﻦ وﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ؟ ) ‪( 16.0 = O , 35.45 = Cl , 39.1=K‬‬
‫)‪( 2KClO3(s) " 2KCl(s) + O2(g‬‬ ‫)‬
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‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎء ﻟﻠﺼﻒ اﻟﺤﺎدي ﻋﺸﺮ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬
‫أ ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻣﻲ أﺑﻮ اﻟﻌﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫أﻛﺎدﯾﻤﯿﺔ ﻧﺎدي اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺮة‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪة ﻣﻦ ) ‪ -/-‬إﻟﻰ ‪( 2010/-/-‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺐ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬

‫اﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ واﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺴﻢ ‪4 – 5‬‬

‫‪ -‬اﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎر ‪ :‬ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻻﻣﺘﺰاج اﻟﺘﺪرﯾﺠﻲ ﻟﻐﺎزﯾﻦ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﺟﺰﯾﺌﺎﺗﮭﻤﺎ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮة واﻟﻌﺸﻮاﺋﯿﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬اﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ ‪ :‬ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺮور اﻟﻌﺸﻮاﺋﻲ ﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﺎت ﻏﺎز ﻣﺤﺼﻮر ﻓﻲ وﻋﺎء ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺛﻘﻮب ﺻﻐﯿﺮة ﻓﻲ ﺟﺪران اﻟﻮﻋﺎء ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺮاھﺎم ﻟﻠﺘﺪﻓﱡﻖ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻣﻌﺪﱠﻻت اﻟﺘﺪﻓﱡﻖ واﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺴﺮﻋﺎت اﻟﻨﺴﺒﯿﺔ ﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﺎت اﻟﻐﺎز ‪ ،‬وﺗﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺟﺰﯾﺌﺎت اﻟﻐﺎز ﻋﻜﺴﯿﺎً ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮫ ) ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﺟﺰﯾﺌﺎت اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﺨﻔﯿﻒ أﺳﺮع ﻣﻦ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﺟﺰﯾﺌﺎت اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﺜﻘﯿﻞ ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ (‬
‫‪KE = 1 mv2‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻌﺪل اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﺮﻛﯿﺔ ﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﺎت اﻟﻐﺎز ﯾﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارﺗﮫ ﻓﻘﻂ وھﻮ ﯾﺴﺎوي‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪ -‬إذا ﻛﺎن ﻟﺪﯾﻨﺎ ﻏﺎزان ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺎن ‪ B , A‬وﻟﮭﻤﺎ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ ﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ ﺑﯿﻨﮭﻤﺎ ﺻﺤﯿﺤﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫‪1 MA vA 2 = 1 M v 2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2 B B‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪MA vA‬‬ ‫‪= MB vB 2‬‬ ‫‪ -‬وﺑﻀﺮب اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ ‪ 2‬ﻧﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪vA‬‬ ‫‪MB‬‬ ‫‪vA‬‬ ‫‪MB‬‬
‫‪- -‬‬

‫=‬
‫=‬ ‫‪ 2‬وﺑﺄﺧﺬ اﻟﺠﺬر اﻟﺘﺮﺑﯿﻌﻲ‬ ‫‪ -‬وﻟﻤﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ﺳﺮﻋﺘﱠﻲِ اﻟﻐﺎزﯾﻦ ﺗﺼﺒﺢ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ‬
‫‪VB‬‬ ‫‪MA‬‬ ‫‪VB‬‬ ‫‪MA‬‬

‫أي ان ﺳﺮﻋﺘﻲ ﺟﺰﯾﺌﺎت ﻏﺎزﯾﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﯿﻦ ﺗﺘﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎن ﻋﻜﺴﯿﺎً ﻣﻊ اﻟﺠﺬر اﻟﺘﺮﺑﯿﻌﻲ ﻟﻠﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ﻟﻜﻞٍ ﻣﻨﮭﻤﺎ‬
‫وﺑﻤﺎ أن ﻣﻌﺪل اﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ ﯾﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻃﺮدﯾﺎً ﻣﻊ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﺎت ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬

‫‪MB‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪل ﺗﺪﻓﻖ ‪A‬‬

‫‪- -‬‬

‫=‬
‫‪MA‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪل ﺗﺪﻓﻖ ‪B‬‬

‫‪ -‬وﻗﺪ درس اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺗﻮﻣﺎس ﺟﺮاھﺎم ﻇﺎھﺮﺗﻲ اﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ واﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻟﺪى اﻟﻐﺎزات ووﺿﻊ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ‪:‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺮاھﺎم ﻟﻠﺘﺪﻓﻖ ‪:‬‬
‫" ﯾﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻌﺪل ﺗﺪﻓﻖ اﻟﻐﺎزات ﻋﻜﺴﯿﺎً ﻣﻊ اﻟﺠﺬر اﻟﺘﺮﺑﯿﻌﻲ ﻟﻜﺘﻠﮭﺎ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺸﺮوط ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺿﻐﻂ ودرﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة "‬

‫• ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﺎت ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺮاھﺎم‬

‫‪ -‬أﻇﮭﺮت ﺗﺠﺎرب ﺟﺮاھﺎم ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺎت اﻟﻐﺎزات أن ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻐﺎز ﺗﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻃﺮدﯾﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮫ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ‬
‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺗﺼﺒﺢ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ‬
‫‪M‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪل‬
‫‪- -‬‬
‫‪- -‬‬

‫= ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ‪B‬‬ ‫‪B‬‬

‫=‬
‫ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ‪A‬‬ ‫‪M‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪل ﺗﺪﻓﻖ ‪B‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﯾﻔﺴﺮ اﺧﺘﻼف ﺳﺮﻋﺘﻲ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻏﺎزﯾﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ اﺧﺘﻼف اﻟﻜﺘﻞ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﺰﯾﺌﺎت وﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺮﻛﯿﺰھﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬وﯾﺰودﻧﺎ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺮھﺎم أﯾﻀﺎ ﺑﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾﺪ اﻟﻜﺘﻞ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات ‪ ،‬وﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ھﺬا اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ﻣﻌﺪﻻت‬
‫ﺗﺪﻓﻖ اﻟﻐﺎزات ذات اﻟﻜﺘﻞ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﺮوﻓﺔ واﻟﻤﺠﮭﻮﻟﺔ ﻣﺎ داﻣﺖ ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ وﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻧﻔﺴﮫ ‪ ،‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬
‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺠﮭﻮﻟﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺮاھﺎم‬
‫اﻟﯿﻮراﻧﯿﻮم‪ 238 -‬ﻋﻦ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ اﻟﯿﻮراﻧﯿﻮم‬ ‫‪ -‬وﯾﺘﻤﺜﻞ أﺣﺪ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﺎت ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺮاھﺎم ﻓﻲ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ اﻟﯿﻮراﻧﯿﻮم اﻟﺜﻘﯿﻞ‬
‫‪ 235-‬ﺑﺘﺤﻮﯾﻠﮭﺎ إﻟﻰ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎت ﻏﺎزﯾﺔ وﯾﺠﺮي إدﺧﺎﻟﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ أﻏﺸﯿﺔ ﻣﺴﺎﻣﯿﺔ ﺣﯿﺚ ﺗﻨﺘﺸﺮ اﻟﻐﺎزات اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ وﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺎﺗﮭﺎ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ وﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺗﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪.‬‬

‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

 ‫ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎء ﻟﻠﺼﻒ اﻟﺤﺎدي ﻋﺸﺮ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬
‫أ ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻣﻲ أﺑﻮ اﻟﻌﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫أﻛﺎدﯾﻤﯿﺔ ﻧﺎدي اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺮة‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪة ﻣﻦ ) ‪ -/-‬إﻟﻰ ‪( 2010/-/-‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺐ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺎرﯾﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﯿﺔ‬
‫‪ -1‬ﻗﺎرن ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﻌﺪﻟﻲ ﺗﺪﻓﻖ اﻟﮭﯿﺪروﺟﯿﻦ واﻷﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺸﺮوط ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺿﻐﻂ ودرﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة‬
‫) ‪( 16.0 = O , 1.01 = H‬‬
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‫‪ -2‬ﺗﺪﻓﻖ ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﮭﯿﺪروﺟﯿﻦ ﻋﺒﺮ وﻋﺎء ﻣﺴﺎﻣﻲ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﺗﻔﻮق ‪ 9‬ﻣﺮات ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﻏﺎز ﻣﺠﮭﻮل ‪ ،‬أﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ﻟﮭﺬا‬
‫اﻟﻐﺎز) ‪( 1.01 = H‬‬
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‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
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‫‪ -3‬ﻗﺎرن ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﻌﺪﻟﻲ ﺗﺪﻓﻖ ﻛﻠﻮرﯾﺪ اﻟﮭﯿﺪروﺟﯿﻦ وﺛﺎﻧﻲ أﻛﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺸﺮوط ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺿﻐﻂ ودرﺟﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺮارة ) ‪( 16.0 = O , 1.01 = H , 12.01 = C , 35.45 = Cl‬‬
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‫‪ -4‬ﯾﺘﺤﺮك ﺟﺰئ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز اﻟﻨﯿﻮن ﺑﻤﻌﺪل ‪ 400 m/s‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ﻣﻌﯿﻨﺔ ‪ ،‬اﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻌﺪل ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺟﺰئ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز‬
‫اﻟﺒﯿﻮﺗﺎن ‪ C4H10‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ ) ‪(20.18 = Ne , 1.01 = H , 12.01 = C‬‬

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‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

 ‫ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎء ﻟﻠﺼﻒ اﻟﺤﺎدي ﻋﺸﺮ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬
‫أ ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻣﻲ أﺑﻮ اﻟﻌﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫أﻛﺎدﯾﻤﯿﺔ ﻧﺎدي اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺮة‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪة ﻣﻦ ) ‪ -/-‬إﻟﻰ ‪( 2010/-/-‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺐ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬

‫أﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ اﻟﻘﺴﻢ ‪1-5‬‬

‫أوﻻً ‪ :‬اﺧﺘﺮ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﯿﺤﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻤﺎ ﯾﺄﺗﻲ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -1‬أدرك ﺟﺎﯾﻠﻮﺳﺎك أن ﺣﺠﻮم اﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼت واﻟﻨﻮاﺗﺞ اﻟﻐﺎزﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻇﺮوف ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻣﻦ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة واﻟﻀﻐﻂ ‪ ،‬ﺗﻜﻮن‬
‫د‪ -‬ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻋﺪدﯾﺔ ﺑﺴﯿﻄﺔ ‪.‬‬ ‫ج ﻣﺴﺎوﯾﺔ ﻟـ ‪.R‬‬ ‫ب – ﻣﻜﻤﻠﺔ ‪22.4 L‬‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﻣﺴﺎوﯾﺔ ﻟـ ‪ 1L‬داﺋﻤﺎ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﯾُﻄﺒّﻖ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺎﯾﻠﻮﺳﺎك ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺠﻮم اﻟﻐﺎزﯾﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪة ‪ ،‬أيﱞ ﻣﻦ اﻵﺗﻲ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ ﻋﻨﮫ ﻛﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻋﺪدﯾﺔ ﺑﺴﯿﻄﺔ ؟‬
‫أ‪ -‬اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ و ﺑﻌﺪه ب‪ -‬ﺣﺠﻮم اﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼت واﻟﻨﻮاج اﻟﻐﺎزﯾﺔ ج‪ -‬درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﻔﻦ د‪ -‬اﻟﻜﺘﻞ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼت واﻟﻨﻮاﺗﺞ‬
‫‪ -3‬ﯾﻄﺒّﻖ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﺤﺠﻮم اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪة ﻓﻲ ﻗﯿﺎس ﺣﺠﻮم اﻟﻐﺎزات ﻓﻘﻂ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬
‫د‪ -‬ﺗﻘﺎس ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪STP‬‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﺗﺴﺎوي ‪22.4 L‬‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﺗﺴﺎوي ‪1L‬‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﺗﻘﺎس ﻓﻲ ﻇﺮوف ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻣﻦ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة واﻟﻀﻐﻂ‬
‫‪ -4‬إن ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺣﺠﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز اﻟﮭﯿﺪروﺟﯿﻦ ﻣﻊ ﺣﺠﻢ واﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز اﻷﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ ﻹﻧﺘﺎج ﺣﺠﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺨﺎر اﻟﻤﺎء ﻣﺜﺎل ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫د‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن أﻓﻮﺟﺎدرو‪.‬‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺎﯾﻠﻮﺳﺎك ﻟﻠﺤﺠﻮم اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪة ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ب‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺮاھﺎم ﻟﻠﺘﺪﻓﱡﻖ‬
‫‪ -5‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ) )‪ ( H2(g) + Cl2(g) " 2HCl(g‬ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪد ﺣﺠﻮم ﻛﻠﻮرﯾﺪ اﻟﮭﯿﺪروﺟﯿﻦ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺠﻢ واﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﮭﯿﺪروﺟﯿﻦ ؟‬
‫د‪4 -‬‬ ‫ج‪3 -‬‬ ‫ب‪2 -‬‬ ‫أ‪1 -‬‬
‫‪ -6‬إذا ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ‪ 0.5 L‬ﻣﻦ )‪ O2(g‬ﻣﻊ ‪ H2‬ﻹﻧﺘﺎج ‪ 1 L‬ﻣﻦ )‪ H2O(g‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﺣﺠﻢ )‪ H2O(g‬اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ )‪ ( L‬ﻣﻦ ‪ 1 L‬ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز ‪ O2‬؟‬
‫د‪ -‬ﻻ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪه‬ ‫ج‪2 -‬‬ ‫ب‪1.5 -‬‬ ‫أ‪0.5 -‬‬
‫‪ -7‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ) )‪ ( C(g) + O2(g) " CO2(g‬ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪد ﺣﺠﻮم ‪ CO2‬اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺠﻢ واﺣﺪ ‪ O2‬؟‬
‫د‪4 -‬‬ ‫ج‪3 -‬‬ ‫ب‪2 -‬‬ ‫أ‪1 -‬‬
‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫‪ -8‬ﯾُﻌﺰى اﻟﻤﺒﺪأ اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ " إن اﻟﺤﺠﻮم اﻟﻤﺘﺴﺎوﯾﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺎزات ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺪد ﻧﻔﺴﮫ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﺎت ‪ ،‬إذا ﻗﯿﺴﺖ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺸﺮوط ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺿﻐﻂ‬
‫ودرﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة " إﻟﻰ‬
‫د‪ -‬داﻟﺘﻮن ‪.‬‬ ‫ج‪ -‬أﻓﻮ ﺟﺎدرو‪.‬‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﺷﺎرل ‪.‬‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﺟﺎﯾﻠﻮﺳﺎك ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -9‬ﺗﺤﺘﻮي اﻟﺤﺠﻮم اﻟﻤﺘﺴﺎوﯾﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺎزات ﺛﻨﺎﺋﯿﺔ اﻟﺬرات ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺸﺮوط ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺿﻐﻂ ودرﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺪد ﻧﻔﺴﮫ ﻣﻦ‬
‫د‪ -‬اﻟﻨﯿﻮﺗﺮوﻧﺎت ‪.‬‬ ‫ج‪ -‬اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﺎت ‪.‬‬ ‫ب‪ -‬اﻷﯾﻮﻧﺎت ‪.‬‬ ‫أ‪ -‬اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﻮﻧﺎت ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -10‬إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎز )أ( أﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎز )ب( ‪ ،‬وإذا اﺣﺘﻮت ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺎزﯾﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺪد ﻧﻔﺴﮫ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﺰ ﯾﺌﺎت ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺸﺮوط ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺿﻐﻂ ودرﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن‬
‫ب‪ -‬ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﻐﺎز أ أﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﻐﺎز ب ‪.‬‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﺣﺠﻤﻲ اﻟﻐﺎزﯾﻦ أ و ب ﻣﺘﺴﺎوﯾﺎن ‪.‬‬
‫د‪ -‬ﯾﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺣﺠﻤﺎھﻤﺎ ﻃﺮدﯾﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻛﺘﻠﺘﯿﮭﻤﺎ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺘﯿﻦ‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﻐﺎز ب أﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﻐﺎز أ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -11‬ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺸﺮوط ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺿﻐﻂ ودرﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ﯾﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﻐﺎز ﻃﺮدﯾﺎً ﻣﻊ‬
‫د‪ -‬ﻣﻌﺪل اﻧﺘﺸﺎره ‪.‬‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺘﮫ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪STP‬‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﻋﺪد ﻣﻮﻻﺗﮫ‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮫ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -12‬اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ‪ V= kn‬ھﻲ ﺗﻌﺒﯿﺮ ﻋﻦ‬
‫د‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن أﻓﻮﺟﺎدرو‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﺤﺠﻮم اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪة ج‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺮھﺎم ﻟﻠﺘﺪﻓﱡﻖ‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫‪ -13‬وﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن أﻓﻮﺟﺎدرو ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن ﻟـ ‪ 1 L‬ﻣﻦ )‪ H2(g‬و ‪ 1 L‬ﻣﻦ )‪ O2(g‬إذا وﺟﺪا ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺸﺮوط ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺿﻐﻂ ودرﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ﯾﻜﻮن ﻟﮭﻤﺎ‬
‫د‪ -‬ﻋﺪد اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﺎت ﻧﻔﺴﮫ‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﻋﺪد اﻟﻤﻮﻻت ﻧﻔﺴﮫ‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﺣﺠﻤﺎن ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺘﺴﺎوﯾﯿﻦ‬ ‫أ‪ -‬اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ‬
‫‪ -14‬اﻟﺤﺠﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﻲ اﻟﻘﯿﺎﺳﻲ ﻟﻐﺎز ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬ھﻮ‬
‫د‪1 L -‬‬ ‫ج‪22.4 L/g-mol wt -‬‬ ‫ب‪22.4 L/g -‬‬ ‫أ‪22.4 L -‬‬
‫‪ -15‬اﻟﺤﺠﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﻲ اﻟﻘﯿﺎﺳﻲ ﻟﻐﺎز ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬ھﻮ ﺟﻤﯿﻊ ﻣﺎ ﯾﺄﺗﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻋﺪا‬
‫د‪ -‬اﻟﺤﺠﻢ اﻟﺬي ﺗﺸﻐﻠﮫ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ﻣﻮﻟﯿﺔ واﺣﺪة ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺎز‬ ‫ج‪22.4 L -‬‬ ‫ب‪22.4 g -‬‬ ‫أ‪ -‬اﻟﺤﺠﻢ اﻟﺬي ﯾﺸﻐﻠﮫ ‪1 mol‬‬
‫‪ -16‬اﻟﺤﺠﻢ )‪ ( L‬اﻟﺬي ﯾﺸﻐﻠﮫ ‪ 1mol‬ﻣﻦ اﻷﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬؟‬
‫د‪32.0 -‬‬ ‫ج‪22.4 -‬‬ ‫ب‪16.0 -‬‬ ‫أ‪11.2 -‬‬
‫‪ -17‬اﻟﺤﺠﻢ )‪ ( L‬اﻟﺬي ﯾﺸﻐﻠﮫ ‪ 1mol‬ﻣﻦ ﺑﺨﺎر اﻟﻤﺎء ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬؟‬
‫د‪33.6 -‬‬ ‫ج‪22.4 -‬‬ ‫ب‪18.0 -‬‬ ‫أ‪11.2 -‬‬
‫‪ -18‬ﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﺤﺠﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﻲ اﻟﻘﯿﺎﺳﻲ ذي اﻟﺤﺠﻢ اﻟﻤﻌﺮوف ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬ﻟﺤﺴﺎب‬
‫د‪ -‬اﻟﺤﺠﻢ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﻲ اﻟﺠﺮاﻣﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﻣﻌﺪل اﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎر‪ .‬ج‪ -‬اﻟﻮزن اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﻲ اﻟﺠﺮاﻣﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﻋﺪد ﻣﻮﻻت اﻟﻐﺎز‪.‬‬
‫‪ -19‬إذا ﻋﺮﻓﺖ اﻟﺼﯿﻐﺔ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﯿﺔ ﻟﻐﺎز‪ ،‬ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﺤﺠﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﺑﺼﻮرة ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة ي ﺣﺴﺎب‬
‫د‪ -‬ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﻐﺎز‪ -‬ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﻐﺎز‪.‬‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﺣﺠﻢ أي ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎز‪ .‬ج‪ -‬اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺌﻮﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎت ‪.‬‬ ‫أ‪ -‬اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ ‪ -‬اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -20‬إذا ﻋﺮﻓﺖ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ﻏﺎز وﺣﺠﻤﮫ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ ، STP‬ﻓﺈن ذﻟﻚ ﯾﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻚ أن ﺗﻌﺮف‬
‫د‪ -‬ﻣﻌﺪل ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺗﺪﻓﻖ اﻟﻐﺎز‪.‬‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺗﻜﺜﯿﻒ اﻟﻐﺎز‪.‬‬ ‫ب‪ -‬اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎز‪.‬‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ھﻮﯾﺔ اﻟﻐﺎز‪.‬‬
‫‪ -21‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ﻟﻐﺎز ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬؟‬
‫ب‪ -‬ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻐﺎز ﻣﻘﺴﻮﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ‪1 mol‬‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻐﺎز ﻣﻀﺮوﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ‪1 mol‬‬
‫د‪ -‬ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻐﺎز ﻣﻘﺴﻮﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪22.4 L‬‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻐﺎز ﻣﻀﺮوﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ‪22.4 L‬‬
‫‪ -22‬ﻏﺎز ﺣﺠﻤﮫ ‪ 1.00 L‬وﻛﺘﻠﺘﮫ ‪ 1.92 g‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬ﻣﺎ ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮫ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ)‪ (g/mol‬؟‬
‫د‪43.0 -‬‬ ‫ج‪22.4 -‬‬ ‫ب‪19.2 -‬‬ ‫أ‪1.92 -‬‬
‫‪ -23‬ﻏﺎز ﺣﺠﻤﮫ ‪ 1.00 L‬وﻛﺘﻠﺘﮫ ‪ 0.716 g‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬ﻣﺎ ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮫ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ)‪ (g/mol‬؟‬
‫د‪16.0 -‬‬ ‫ج‪7.16 -‬‬ ‫ب‪1.60 -‬‬ ‫أ‪0.716 -‬‬
‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎء ﻟﻠﺼﻒ اﻟﺤﺎدي ﻋﺸﺮ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬
‫أ ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻣﻲ أﺑﻮ اﻟﻌﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫أﻛﺎدﯾﻤﯿﺔ ﻧﺎدي اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺮة‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪة ﻣﻦ ) ‪ -/-‬إﻟﻰ ‪( 2010/-/-‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺐ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬

‫‪ -24‬ﻏﺎز ﺣﺠﻤﮫ ‪ 1.00 L‬وﻛﺘﻠﺘﮫ ‪ 1.25 g‬اﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬ﻣﺎ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ‪ 1mol‬ﻣﻦ ھﺬا اﻟﻐﺎز)‪ (g‬؟‬
‫د‪28.0 -‬‬ ‫ج‪22.4 -‬‬ ‫ب‪1.25 -‬‬ ‫أ‪ -‬أﻗﻞ ﺑﻘﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪1.0‬‬
‫‪ -25‬ﻏﺎز ﺣﺠﻤﮫ ‪ 1.00 L‬وﻛﺘﻠﺘﮫ ‪ 1.7 g‬اﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬ﻣﺎ ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮫ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ )‪ (g/mol‬؟‬
‫د‪170 -‬‬ ‫ج‪38 -‬‬ ‫ب‪13.2 -‬‬ ‫أ‪0.076 -‬‬

‫أﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ اﻟﻘﺴﻢ ‪2-5‬‬

‫أوﻻً ‪ :‬اﺧﺘﺮ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﯿﺤﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻤﺎ ﯾﺄﺗﻲ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﯾﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺷﺎرل ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﯾﻜﻮن‬
‫د‪ R -‬ﻣﺴﺎوﯾﺎً ﻟﻠﺼﻔﺮ‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﻋﺪد اﻟﻤﻮﻻت ودرﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﺛﺎﺑﺘﯿﻦ ج‪ -‬اﻟﺤﺠﻢ ﻣﺴﺎوﯾﺎً ‪22.4 L‬‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﻋﺪد اﻟﻤﻮﻻت واﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﯿﻦ‬
‫‪ -2‬ﯾﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﻮﯾﻞ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬
‫ب‪ -‬ﯾﺴﺎوي ‪ R‬اﻟﺼﻔﺮ ج‪ -‬ﯾﻜﻮن اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻣﺴﺎوﯾﺎً ﻟـ ‪ 1 atm‬د‪ -‬ﯾﺜﺒﺖ ﻋﺪد اﻟﻤﻮﻻت ودرﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﯾﺴﺘﻜﻤﻞ ﻋﺪد أﻓﻮﺟﺎدرو‬
‫‪ -3‬ﯾﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن أﻓﻮﺟﺎدرو ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬
‫د‪ -‬ﯾﻜﻮن اﻟﺤﺠﻢ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺎً‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﺗﺜﺒﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة واﻟﻀﻐﻂ‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﯾﻮﺟﺪ ‪ 1 mol‬ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﯾﺼﺒﺢ اﻟﺤﺠﻢ ‪22.4 L‬‬
‫‪ -4‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ھﻮ ﺣﺼﯿﻠﺔ ﺟﻤﻊ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﻮﯾﻞ وﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺷﺎرل و‬
‫د‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن داﻟﺘﻮن‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺎﯾﻠﻮﺳﺎك‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن أﻓﻮﺟﺎدرو‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺮھﺎم‬
‫‪ -5‬أي ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻻت اﻵﺗﯿﺔ ﻻ ﺗﻌﺒّﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ؟‬
‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫د‪PV -‬‬ ‫‪PV‬‬ ‫‪P‬‬
‫=‪R‬‬ ‫ج‪= nR -‬‬ ‫=‬
‫ب‪RT -‬‬ ‫أ‪P= nRTV -‬‬
‫‪nT‬‬ ‫‪T‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬ ‫‪V‬‬
‫‪ -6‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻛﻞﱟ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﺠﻢ ودرﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة واﻟﻀﻐﻂ ‪ ،‬ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻖ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﺤﺴﺎب‬
‫د‪ -‬اﻻﻧﻀﻐﺎﻃﯿﺔ‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﻋﺪد اﻟﻤﻮﻻت‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﺛﺎﺑﺖ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫أ‪ -‬اﻟﺼﯿﻐﺔ اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬
‫‪ -7‬ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺣﺴﺎب ﻗﯿﻤﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ‪ ، R‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﯿﻢ اﻟﻤﻘﯿﺴﺔ ﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﻐﺎز وﺣﺠﻤﮫ ودرﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارﺗﮫ و‬
‫د‪ -‬ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺘﮫ‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﻣﻌﺪل اﻧﺘﺸﺎره‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﺻﯿﻐﺘﮫ اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﻋﺪد ﻣﻮﻻﺗﮫ‬
‫‪ -8‬ﻓﻲ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻘﯿﻤﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﯾﺠﺐ ﺣﺴﺎﺑُﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﯿﺎﺳﺎت اﻷُﺧﺮى ؟‬
‫د‪R -‬‬ ‫ج‪T -‬‬ ‫ب‪V -‬‬ ‫أ‪P -‬‬
‫‪ -9‬اﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺤﺠﻢ ) ‪ ( L‬ﻟـ ‪ 0.600 mol‬ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 15.0°C‬وﺿﻐﻂ ‪1.10 atm‬‬
‫د‪129 -‬‬ ‫ج‪24.6 -‬‬ ‫ب‪22.4 -‬‬ ‫أ‪12.9 -‬‬
‫‪ -10‬اﺣﺴﺐ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ) ‪ ( °C‬ﻟـ ‪ 0.50 mol‬ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز ﺣﺠﻤﮫ ‪ 12 L‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﻐﻂ ‪750 mm Hg‬‬
‫د‪288 -‬‬ ‫ج‪11 -‬‬ ‫ب‪15 -‬‬ ‫أ‪- 7 -‬‬
‫‪ -11‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ )‪ ( atm‬اﻟﺬي ﯾﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﮫ ‪ 1.2 mol‬ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارﺗﮫ ‪ 20.°C‬وﺣﺠﻤﮫ ‪ 9.5 L‬؟‬
‫د‪30. -‬‬ ‫ج‪3.0 -‬‬ ‫ب‪1.0 -‬‬ ‫أ‪0.030 -‬‬
‫‪ -12‬ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎر ﺣﺠﻤﮭﺎ ‪ 11 L‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 25°C‬وﺗﻤﺎرس ﺿﻐﻄﺎ ﻣﻘﺪاره ‪ .660 mm Hg‬ﻛﻢ ﻋﺪد ﻣﻮﻻت اﻟﻐﺎز ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﯿﻨﺔ ؟‬
‫د‪87 -‬‬ ‫ج‪9.3 -‬‬ ‫ب‪3.9 -‬‬ ‫أ‪0.39 -‬‬
‫‪ -13‬اﺣﺴﺐ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز)‪ (L‬ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 1.50 mol‬وﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﻀﻐﻂ ﻣﻘﺪاره ‪ 0.922 atm‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪10.0°C‬‬
‫د‪378 -‬‬ ‫ج‪37.8 -‬‬ ‫ب‪14.2 -‬‬ ‫أ‪13 -‬‬
‫‪ -14‬ﻏﺎز ﺣﺠﻤﮫ ‪ 5.00 L‬وﻋﺪد ﻣﻮﻻﺗﮫ ‪ 0.750 mol‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 0.00°C‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﺿﻐﻄﮫ )‪ ( atm‬؟‬
‫د‪760 -‬‬ ‫ج‪4.98 -‬‬ ‫ب‪3.4 -‬‬ ‫أ‪2.1 -‬‬
‫‪ -15‬ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮭﺎ ‪ 0.467 g‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 20.°C‬وﺿﻐﻄﮭﺎ ‪ 732.5 mm Hg‬و ﺣﺠﻤﮭﺎ ‪200. mL‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮭﺎ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ) ‪ ( g/mol‬؟‬
‫د‪730 -‬‬ ‫ج‪290 -‬‬ ‫ب‪180 -‬‬ ‫أ‪58 -‬‬
‫‪ -16‬ﺟُﻤﻌﺖ ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮭﺎ ‪ 0.686 g‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 20.°C‬وﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﻐﻂ ‪ ، 722.0 mm Hg‬إذا ﻛﺎن ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﻌﯿﻨﺔ ‪ 350. mL‬ﻓﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮭﺎ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ) ‪ ( g/mol‬؟‬
‫د‪720 -‬‬ ‫ج‪50 -‬‬ ‫ب‪2.2 -‬‬ ‫أ‪0.31 -‬‬
‫‪ -17‬ﺟُﻤﻌﺖ ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮭﺎ ‪ 2.50 g‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 20.°C‬وﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﻐﻂ ‪ ، 732.5 mm Hg‬إذا ﻛﺎن ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﻌﯿﻨﺔ ‪ 1.28 L‬ﻓﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮭﺎ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ) ‪ ( g/mol‬؟‬
‫د‪48.8 -‬‬ ‫ج‪13.7 -‬‬ ‫ب‪2.04 -‬‬ ‫أ‪1.26 -‬‬
‫‪ -18‬ﺟُﻤﻌﺖ ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎز ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮭﺎ ‪ 0.934 g‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 20.°C‬وﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﻐﻂ ‪ ، 733.5 mm Hg‬إذا ﻛﺎن ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﻌﯿﻨﺔ ‪ 200.0 L‬ﻓﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮭﺎ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ) ‪ ( g/mol‬؟‬
‫د‪1464.0 -‬‬ ‫ج‪586 -‬‬ ‫ب‪358 -‬‬ ‫أ‪116 -‬‬
‫‪ -19‬ﺟُﻤﻌﺖ ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻏﺎز ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮭﺎ ‪ 5.16 g‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 28.°C‬وﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﻐﻂ ‪ ، 740 mm Hg‬إذا ﻛﺎن ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﻌﯿﻨﺔ ‪ 1.00 L‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮭﺎ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ) ‪ ( g/mol‬؟‬
‫د‪300 -‬‬ ‫ج‪130 -‬‬ ‫ب‪0.97 -‬‬ ‫أ‪0.395 -‬‬

‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

 ‫ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎء ﻟﻠﺼﻒ اﻟﺤﺎدي ﻋﺸﺮ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬
‫أ ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻣﻲ أﺑﻮ اﻟﻌﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫أﻛﺎدﯾﻤﯿﺔ ﻧﺎدي اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺮة‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪة ﻣﻦ ) ‪ -/-‬إﻟﻰ ‪( 2010/-/-‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺐ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬

‫‪ -20‬ﺟُﻤﻌﺖ ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻏﺎز ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮭﺎ ‪ 0.250 g‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪ 150.0°C‬وﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﻐﻂ ‪ ، 720. mm Hg‬إذا ﻛﺎن ﺣﺠﻤﮭﺎ ‪ 85.0 mL‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮭﺎ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ) ‪ ( g/mol‬؟‬
‫د‪238.0 -‬‬ ‫ج‪108 -‬‬ ‫ب‪1.76 -‬‬ ‫أ‪0.0023 -‬‬
‫‪ -21‬ﺗﻄﺒّﻖ ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻏﺎز ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮭﺎ ‪ 12.8 g‬ﺿﻐﻄﺎً ﻣﻘﺪاره ‪ 1.2 atm‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪،15°C‬إذا ﻛﺎن ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﻌﯿﻨﺔ ‪ 3.94 L‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮭﺎ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ‬
‫) ‪ ( g/mol‬؟‬
‫د‪128 -‬‬ ‫ج‪64 -‬‬ ‫ب‪32 -‬‬ ‫أ‪19 -‬‬
‫‪ -22‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﺬي ﯾﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺛﺒﺎت ‪ n‬و ‪ T‬؟‬
‫د‪ -‬ﺟﺎﯾﻠﻮﺳﺎك‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن أﻓﻮ ﺟﺎدرو‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﻮﯾﻞ‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺷﺎرل‬
‫‪ -23‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﺬي ﯾﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺛﺒﺎت ‪ n‬و ‪ P‬؟‬
‫د‪ -‬ﺟﺎﯾﻠﻮﺳﺎك‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن أﻓﻮ ﺟﺎدرو‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﻮﯾﻞ‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺷﺎرل‬
‫‪ -24‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﺬي ﯾﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺛﺒﺎت ‪ T‬و ‪ P‬؟‬
‫د‪ -‬ﺟﺎﯾﻠﻮﺳﺎك‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن أﻓﻮ ﺟﺎدرو‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﻮﯾﻞ‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺷﺎرل‬
‫‪ -25‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﯾﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ﺑـ ‪ PV= k‬ﯾﻜﻮن اﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮد‬
‫د‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﻮﯾﻞ‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺷﺎرل‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺎﯾﻠﻮﺳﺎك‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن أﻓﻮ ﺟﺎدرو‬
‫‪ -26‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﯾﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ﺑـ ‪ V= kT‬ﯾﻜﻮن اﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮد‬
‫د‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺎﯾﻠﻮﺳﺎك‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن أﻓﻮ ﺟﺎدرو‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺷﺎرل‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﻮﯾﻞ‬
‫‪ -27‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﯾﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ ﺑـ ‪ V= kn‬ﯾﻜﻮن اﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮد‬
‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫د‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﻮﯾﻞ‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺷﺎرل‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺎﯾﻠﻮﺳﺎك‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن أﻓﻮ ﺟﺎدرو‬

‫أﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ اﻟﻘﺴﻢ ‪3-5‬‬

‫أوﻻً ‪ :‬اﺧﺘﺮ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﯿﺤﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻤﺎ ﯾﺄﺗﻲ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ ( 2C2H6 + 7O2‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﻐﻂ ‪ 1 atm‬ودرﺟﺔ‬ ‫"‬ ‫‪ -1‬إذا ﻗﯿﺲ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼت واﻟﻨﻮاﺗﺞ اﻟﻐﺎزﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ) ‪4CO2 + 6H2O‬‬
‫ﺣﺮارة ‪ 25°C‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﺻﯿﻐﺔ اﻟﻤﺎدة اﻟﺘﻲ ﻻﺗﻀﻤﻨﮭﺎ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﺠﻢ ؟‬
‫د‪H2O -‬‬ ‫ج‪CO2 -‬‬ ‫ب‪O2 -‬‬ ‫أ‪C2H6 -‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎﺋﯿﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺗُﻤﺜﻞ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼت اﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼت واﻟﻨﻮاﺗﺞ اﻟﻐﺎزﯾﺔ‬
‫د‪ -‬اﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺎت‬ ‫ج‪ -‬اﻟﻨﺴﺐ اﻟﺤﺠﻤﯿﺔ‬ ‫ب‪ -‬اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﺎدة‬ ‫أ‪ -‬اﻟﺤﺠﻮم ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪STP‬‬
‫‪ -3‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﺬي ﯾﻮﺿﺢ اﻟﻨﺴﺐ اﻟﺤﺠﻤﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎﺋﻲ ؟‬
‫د‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺎﯾﻠﻮﺳﺎك ﻟﻠﺤﺠﻮم اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪة‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﻮﯾﻞ‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺮھﺎم‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺷﺎرل‬
‫‪ -4‬ﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺠﻮم اﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼت واﻟﻨﻮاج اﻟﻐﺎزﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻛﯿﻤﯿﺎﺋﻲ ﻛﻨﺴﺐ ﻋﺎدﯾﺔ ﺑﺴﯿﻄﺔ‬
‫ب‪ -‬إذا ﺑﻘﯿﺖ ﺷﺮوط درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة واﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻗﯿﺎﺳﯿﺔ‬ ‫أ‪ -‬إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺟﻤﯿﺢ اﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼت واﻟﻨﻮاﺗﺞ ﻏﺎزات‬
‫د‪ -‬إذا ﻛﺎن ﻋﺪد اﻟﻤﻮﻻت ﯾﺴﺎو ى ‪1 mol‬‬ ‫ج‪ -‬إذا ﺑﻘﯿﺖ ﺷﺮوط درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة واﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‬
‫‪ -5‬وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن أﻓﻮﺟﺎدرو ﺗﺤﺘﻮي اﻟﺤﺠﻮم اﻟﻤﺘﺴﺎوﯾﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺎزات ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎﺋﯿﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫د‪ -‬اﻟﻜﺘﻞ ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ج‪ -‬درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ب‪ -‬اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻧﻔﺴﮫ ‪.‬‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﻋﺪد اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﺎت ﻧﻔﺴﮫ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -6‬ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ ﻧﺴﺐ ﺣﺠﻮم اﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼت واﻟﻨﻮاﺗﺞ اﻟﻐﺎزﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻛﯿﻤﯿﺎﺋﻲ ﯾﺠﺮي ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻣﻦ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة وﺿﻐﻂ ﻣﻦ‬
‫د‪ -‬ﺛﺎﺑﺖ اﻟﻐﺎز‪.‬‬ ‫ج‪ -‬اﻷرﻗﺎم اﻟﺴﻔﻠﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻮزوﻧﺔ ‪.‬‬ ‫ب‪ -‬اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻮزوﻧﺔ ‪.‬‬ ‫أ‪ -‬اﻟﺼﯿﻎ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -7‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺤﺠﻤﯿﺔ ﻟـ ‪ O2‬إﻟﻰ ‪ CO2‬ﻓﻲ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ )‪2C(s) + O2(g) " 2CO(g‬‬
‫د‪2:2 -‬‬ ‫ج‪1:2 -‬‬ ‫ب‪2:1 -‬‬ ‫أ‪1:1 -‬‬
‫‪ -8‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺤﺠﻤﯿﺔ ﻟـ ‪ H2‬إﻟﻰ ‪ H2O‬ﻓﻲ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ )‪2H2(g) + O2(g) " 2H2O(g‬‬
‫د‪6:4 -‬‬ ‫ج‪3:4 -‬‬ ‫ب‪3:2 -‬‬ ‫أ‪1:1 -‬‬
‫‪ -9‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺤﺠﻤﯿﺔ ﻟـ ‪ N2‬إﻟﻰ ‪ NO2‬ﻓﻲ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ )‪N2(g) + 2O2(g) " 2NO(g‬‬
‫د‪5:2 -‬‬ ‫ج‪1:2 -‬‬ ‫ب‪2:1 -‬‬ ‫أ‪1:1 -‬‬
‫‪ -10‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺤﺠﻤﯿﺔ ﻟـ ‪ O2‬إﻟﻰ ‪ H2O‬ﻓﻲ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ )‪2H2(g) + O2(g) " 2H2O(g‬‬
‫د‪2:2 -‬‬ ‫ج‪2:1 -‬‬ ‫ب‪1:2 -‬‬ ‫أ‪1:1 -‬‬
‫‪ -11‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺤﺠﻤﯿﺔ ﻟـ ‪ Cl2‬إﻟﻰ ‪ HCl‬ﻓﻲ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ )‪H2(g) + Cl2(g) " 2HCl(g‬‬
‫د‪2:2 -‬‬ ‫ج‪1:2 -‬‬ ‫ب‪2:1 -‬‬ ‫أ‪1:1 -‬‬
‫‪ -12‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺤﺠﻤﯿﺔ ﻟـ ‪ H2‬إﻟﻰ ‪ HCl‬ﻓﻲ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ )‪H2(g) + Cl2(g) " 2HCl(g‬‬
‫د‪2:2 -‬‬ ‫ج‪1:2 -‬‬ ‫ب‪2:1 -‬‬ ‫أ‪1:1 -‬‬
‫‪ -13‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺤﺠﻤﯿﺔ ﻟـ ‪ H2‬إﻟﻰ ‪ Cl2‬ﻓﻲ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ )‪H2(g) + Cl2(g) " 2HCl(g‬‬
‫د‪2:3 -‬‬ ‫ج‪1:2 -‬‬ ‫ب‪2:1 -‬‬ ‫أ‪1:1 -‬‬
‫‪ -14‬ﻛﻢ ﻟﺘﺮاً ﻣﻦ اﻟﮭﯿﺪروﺟﯿﻦ ﯾﻠﺰم ﻹﻧﺘﺎج ‪ 20 L‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﯿﺜﺎن ‪ ،‬وﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻤﯿﺜﺎن )‪C(s) + 2H2(g) " CH4(g‬‬
‫د‪40 L -‬‬ ‫ج‪22.4 L -‬‬ ‫ب‪20 L -‬‬ ‫أ‪2.0 L -‬‬
‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎء ﻟﻠﺼﻒ اﻟﺤﺎدي ﻋﺸﺮ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬
‫أ ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻣﻲ أﺑﻮ اﻟﻌﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫أﻛﺎدﯾﻤﯿﺔ ﻧﺎدي اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺮة‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪة ﻣﻦ ) ‪ -/-‬إﻟﻰ ‪( 2010/-/-‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺐ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬

‫‪ -15‬ﻣﺎ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ أﻛﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن )‪ ( L‬اﻟﺬي ﯾﻨﺘﺞ ‪ ،‬إذا ﺗﻢ ﺣﺮق ‪ 50 L‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﯿﺜﺎن اﺣﺘﺮاﻗﺎً ﺗﺎﻣﺎً ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬وﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ‬
‫)‪CH4(g) + 2O2(g) " 2H2O(g) + CO2(g‬‬
‫د‪100 -‬‬ ‫ج‪50 -‬‬ ‫ب‪25 -‬‬ ‫أ‪16.6 -‬‬
‫‪ -16‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﺣﺘﺮاق اﻟﮭﯿﺪروﺟﯿﻦ ﯾﻨﺘﺞ ﺑﺨﺎر اﻟﻤﺎء وﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ )‪ 2H2(g) + O2(g) " 2H2O(g‬إذا اﺳﺘﮭﻠﻚ ‪ 12 L‬ﻣﻦ اﻷﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ‬
‫ﻓﻤﺎ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺑﺨﺎر اﻟﻤﺎء اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ )‪ ( L‬؟‬
‫د‪24 -‬‬ ‫ج‪12 -‬‬ ‫ب‪2 -‬‬ ‫أ‪1 -‬‬
‫‪ -17‬ﺣﺠﻢ اﻷﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ )‪ ( L‬اﻟﻼزم ﻟﺤﺮق ‪ 100. L‬ﻣﻦ ‪ CO‬ﺣﺮﻗﺎً ﺗﺎﻣﺎً وﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ )‪ 2CO(g) + O2(g) " 2CO2(g‬ھﻮ‬
‫د‪500 -‬‬ ‫ج‪238 -‬‬ ‫ب‪50.0 -‬‬ ‫أ‪23.8 -‬‬
‫‪ -18‬ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪد ﻣﻮﻻت ‪ H2‬اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ‪ 23 g‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﻮدﯾﻮم )‪ (23.0 g/mol‬ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﺎء وﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ‬
‫)‪2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) " 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g‬‬
‫د‪4 -‬‬ ‫ج‪2 -‬‬ ‫ب‪1 -‬‬ ‫أ‪0.50 -‬‬
‫‪ -19‬ﯾﻨﺘﺞ اﻟﻜﻠﻮر ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ )‪ 2HCl(g) " H2(g) + Cl2(g‬ﻓﻜﻢ ﺟﺮاﻣﺎً ﻣﻦ ‪ (36.5 g/mol) HCl‬ﯾﺠﺐ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﮭﺎ ﻹﻧﺘﺎج ‪ 10.0 L‬ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻜﻠﻮر ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪ STP‬؟‬
‫د‪36.5 -‬‬ ‫ج‪32.6 -‬‬ ‫ب‪30.2 -‬‬ ‫أ‪15.8 -‬‬
‫‪ -20‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﺣﺘﺮاق اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن ﯾﻨﺘﺞ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ أﻛﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪ C + O2 " CO2‬ﻓﺈذا اﻧﺘﺞ ‪ 14 L‬ﻣﻦ ‪ CO2‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ‪STP‬‬
‫ﻓﻜﻢ ﺟﺮاﻣﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن ) ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮫ اﻟﺬرﯾﺔ ‪ (12‬ﯾﻜﻮن ﻗﺪ اﺳﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻻﺣﺘﺮاق ؟‬
‫د‪75 -‬‬ ‫ج‪17.5 -‬‬ ‫ب‪11.2 -‬‬ ‫أ‪7.5 -‬‬
‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫أﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ اﻟﻘﺴﻢ ‪4-5‬‬
‫أوﻻً ‪ :‬اﺧﺘﺮ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﯿﺤﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻤﺎ ﯾﺄﺗﻲ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﻣﺎ اﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺒﺮ ﻓﯿﮭﺎ ﺟﺰﯾﺌﺎت اﻟﻐﺎز ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﯿﺎ ﻓﺘﺤﺎت ﻣﺴﺎﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺪار اﻟﻮﻋﺎء ؟‬
‫د‪ -‬ﺗﺪﻓُّﻖ ‪.‬‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﺗﻘﻄﯿﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﺗﻄﺎﯾﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫أ‪ -‬اﻧﺘﺸﺎر‬
‫‪ -2‬وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺮاھﺎم ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن ﻣﻌﺪّﻟَﻲ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻏﺎزﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺸﺮوط ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة واﻟﻀﻐﻂ ‪ ،‬ﯾﺘﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎن ﻋﻜﺴﯿﺎ ﻣﻊ‬
‫د‪ -‬ﻣﻌﺪّﻟﻲّ ﺗﺪﻓﻘﮭﻤﺎ‬ ‫ج‪ -‬اﻧﻀﻐﺎﻃﯿﺘﯿﮭﻤﺎ ‪.‬‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﻛﺘﻠﺘﯿﮭﻤﺎ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﺣﺠﻤﯿﮭﻤﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -3‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﺬي ﯾﺤﺪد ﻣﻌﺪل اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﺮﻛﯿﺔ ﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﺎت اﻟﻐﺎز ؟‬
‫د‪ -‬اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ج‪ -‬اﻟﻀﻐﻂ واﻟﺤﺮارة ‪.‬‬ ‫ب‪ -‬اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫أ‪ -‬درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮاة ‪.‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪ -4‬اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪ MA vA = MB vB‬ھﻲ ﺗﻌﺒﯿﺮ ﻋﻦ‬
‫د‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﻮﯾﻞ‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺮاھﺎم‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن أﻓﻮﺟﺎدرو‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺎﯾﻠﻮﺳﺎك‬
‫‪ -5‬وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺮاھﺎم ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن ﻏﺎزﯾﻦ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮوط ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻣﻦ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة وﺿﻐﻂ ﻟﮭﻤﺎ ﻣﻌﺪﻻ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺎن وذﻟﻚ ﻷن ﻟﺪﯾﮭﻤﺎ‬
‫د‪ -‬درﺟﺘﻲ ﺗﻜﺎﺛﻒ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺘﯿﻦ‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﻃﺎﻗﺘﯿﻦ ﺣﺮﻛﯿﺘﯿﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺘﯿﻦ‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﻛﺘﻠﺘﯿﻦ ﻣﻮﻟﯿﺘﯿﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺘﯿﻦ‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﺣﺠﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﯿﻦ‬
‫‪ -6‬ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺟﺮاھﺎم ‪ ،‬ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻌﻮﯾﺾ اﻟﺠﺬر اﻟﺘﺮﺑﯿﻌﻲ ﻟﻠﻜﺘﻞ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺬر اﻟﺘﺮﺑﯿﻌﻲ ﻟـ‬
‫د‪ -‬ﺛﻮاﺑﺖ اﻟﻐﺎز‪.‬‬ ‫ج‪ -‬اﻻﻧﻀﻐﺎﻃﯿﺔ‬ ‫ب‪ -‬اﻟﺤﺠﻮم اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻐﺎزات‬
‫‪ -7‬اﻓﺘﺮض أن ﻏﺎزﯾﻦ ﻟﮭﻤﺎ ﻛﺘﻠﺘﺎن ﻣﻮﻟﯿﺘﺎن ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺘﺎن ‪ ،‬ﺗﻢ ﺣﻘﻨﮭﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻃﺮﻓﻲ أﻧﺒﻮب ﻃﻮﯾﻞ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻧﻔﺴﮫ ‪ ،‬وﺗُﺮﻛﺎ ﻟﯿﻨﺘﺸﺮا ﺑﺎﺗﺠﺎه وﺳﻂ اﻷﻧﺒﻮب‬
‫‪ ،‬ﺳﯿﺒﺪأ اﻟﻐﺎزان ﺑﺎﻻﻣﺘﺰاج‬
‫د‪ -‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﻗﺮب اﻟﻄﺮف اﻟﺬي ﺣﻘﻦ ﻓﯿﮫ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻷﺧﻒ‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﻗﺮب اﻟﻄﺮف اﻟﺬي ﺣﻘﻦ ﻓﯿﮫ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻷﺛﻘﻞ‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺧﻤﺲ دﻗﺎﺋﻖ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‬
‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻠﯿﮫ ‪:‬‬
‫ھﯿﻠﯿﻮم‬ ‫ھﯿﺪروﺟﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺘﺮوﺟﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻮر‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺑﻮن‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﺮوم‬ ‫أرﺟﻮن‬ ‫أﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬
‫‪He‬‬ ‫‪H‬‬ ‫‪N‬‬ ‫‪Cl‬‬ ‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫‪Br‬‬ ‫‪Ar‬‬ ‫‪O‬‬ ‫اﻟﺮﻣﺰ‬
‫‪4.0‬‬ ‫‪1.01‬‬ ‫‪14.o1‬‬ ‫‪35.45‬‬ ‫‪12.1‬‬ ‫‪19.0‬‬ ‫‪79.9‬‬ ‫‪39.95‬‬ ‫‪16.0‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﺬرﯾﺔ‬
‫‪ -8‬ﻛﻢ ﻣﺮة ﯾﺰﯾﺪ ﻣﻌﺪل ﺗﺪﻓﻖ ﻏﺎز اﻟﻔﻠﻮر ) ‪ (F2‬ﻋﻦ اﻟﺒﺮوم )‪ (Br2‬إذا وﺟﺪا ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺸﺮوط ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة وﺿﻐﻂ ؟‬
‫د‪7 -‬‬ ‫ج‪4 -‬‬ ‫ب‪3 -‬‬ ‫أ‪2 -‬‬
‫‪ -9‬ﻛﻢ ﻣﺮة ﯾﺰﯾﺪ ﻣﻌﺪل ﺗﺪﻓﻖ ﻏﺎز اﻷﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ ‪ O2‬ﻋﻦ ﻏﺎز ﺛﺎﻧﻲ أﻛﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن ‪ CO2‬إذا وﺟﺪا ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺸﺮوط ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة وﺿﻐﻂ ؟‬
‫د‪ -‬ﯾﻜﻮن اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻻن ﻣﺘﺴﺎوﯾﺎن‬ ‫ج‪12 -‬‬ ‫ب‪2.1 -‬‬ ‫أ‪1.2 -‬‬
‫‪ -10‬ﺗﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﮭﯿﻠﯿﻮم ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﺗﺰﯾﺪ )‪ (4.57‬ﻣﺮات ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻏﺎز آﺧﺮ ﻣﺠﮭﻮل اﻟﮭﻮﯾﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ )‪ (g/mol‬ﻟﻠﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺠﮭﻮل ؟‬
‫د‪83.6 -‬‬ ‫ج‪38.8 -‬‬ ‫ب‪18.2 -‬‬ ‫أ‪12 -‬‬
‫‪ -11‬ﺗﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﮭﯿﻠﯿﻮم ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﺗﺰﯾﺪ )‪ (6.3‬ﻣﺮات ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻏﺎز ﻣﺠﮭﻮل ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ )‪ (g/mol‬ﻟﻠﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺠﮭﻮل ؟‬
‫د‪160 -‬‬ ‫ج‪25.2 -‬‬ ‫ب‪3.8 -‬‬ ‫أ‪1.05 -‬‬
‫ﺗﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﮭﯿﺪروﺟﯿﻦ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﺗﺰﯾﺪ )‪ (3.8‬ﻣﺮات ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻏﺎز ﻣﺠﮭﻮل اﻟﮭﻮﯾﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ )‪ (g/mol‬ﻟﻠﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺠﮭﻮل ؟‬ ‫‪-12‬‬
‫د‪29 -‬‬ ‫ج‪22.4 -‬‬ ‫ب‪7.9 -‬‬ ‫أ‪3.8 -‬‬

‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

 ‫ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎء ﻟﻠﺼﻒ اﻟﺤﺎدي ﻋﺸﺮ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬
‫أ ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻣﻲ أﺑﻮ اﻟﻌﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫أﻛﺎدﯾﻤﯿﺔ ﻧﺎدي اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺮة‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪة ﻣﻦ ) ‪ -/-‬إﻟﻰ ‪( 2010/-/-‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺐ اﻟﺠﺰﯾﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﻐﺎزات‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬

‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻠﯿﮫ ‪:‬‬

‫ھﯿﻠﯿﻮم‬ ‫ھﯿﺪروﺟﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺘﺮوﺟﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻮر‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺑﻮن‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﺮوم‬ ‫أرﺟﻮن‬ ‫أﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬
‫‪He‬‬ ‫‪H‬‬ ‫‪N‬‬ ‫‪Cl‬‬ ‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫‪Br‬‬ ‫‪Ar‬‬ ‫‪O‬‬ ‫اﻟﺮﻣﺰ‬
‫‪4.0‬‬ ‫‪1.01‬‬ ‫‪14.o1‬‬ ‫‪35.45‬‬ ‫‪12.1‬‬ ‫‪19.0‬‬ ‫‪79.9‬‬ ‫‪39.95‬‬ ‫‪16.0‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﺬرﯾﺔ‬
‫‪ -1‬اﻟﻤﯿﺜﺎن ‪ CH4‬واﻟﺒﺮوﺑﺎن ‪ C3H8‬ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎن ﻟﻠﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﯿﻌﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ ﻟﮭﺐ ﺑﻨﺰن ‪ ،‬إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺟﺰﯾﺌﺎت اﻟﻤﯿﺜﺎن ﺗﺘﺤﺮك ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ‪ 675 m/s‬ﻋﻨﺪ‬
‫) اﻟﺠﻮاب ‪( 675 m/s :‬‬ ‫اﻧﻄﻼﻗﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻮھﺔ ﻣﻮﻗﺪ ﺑﻨﺰن ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻢ ھﻲ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ اﻧﻄﻼق اﻟﺒﺮوﺑﺎن ؟‬
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‫‪ -2‬ﯾﺘﺪﻓﻖ ﻏﺎز اﻟﻨﯿﺘﺮوﺟﯿﻦ ﻓﻲ ھﻮاء ﻣﻀﺨﺔ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻟﻨﻔﺦ إﻃﺎر ﺳﯿﺎرﺗﻚ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ‪ 535 m/s‬ﻓﻜﻢ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺗﺪﻓﻖ اﻷﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﮭﻮاء اﻟﻤﻀﻐﻮط ؟‬
‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬

‫) اﻟﺠﻮاب ‪( 501 m/s :‬‬
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‫‪ -3‬ﺛُﻘﺐ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻧﻔﺴﮫ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻧﺎن أﺣﺪھﻤﺎ ﯾﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﮭﯿﻠﯿﻮم واﻵﺧﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ CO2‬ﺛﻘﺒﯿﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﺠﻢ ﻧﻔﺴﮫ ‪ ،‬ﻛﻢ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺗﺪﻓﻖ اﻟﮭﯿﻠﯿﻮم ‪،‬‬
‫) اﻟﺠﻮاب ‪( 1360 m/s :‬‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺗﺪﻓﻖ ‪ CO2‬ھﻲ ‪ 410 m/s‬؟‬
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‫‪ -4‬ﯾﺘﺪﻓﻖ ﻏﺎز ﯾُﻨﻔﺦ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺷﺔ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ أﺑﻄﺄ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺗﺪﻓﻖ اﻟﻨﯿﺘﺮوﺟﯿﻦ ﺑـ ‪ 2.08‬ﻣﺮة ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺠﮭﻮل ؟‬
‫) اﻟﺠﻮاب ‪( 121 g/mol :‬‬
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‫) اﻟﺠﻮاب ‪( 39.7 g/mol :‬‬ ‫‪ -5‬ﻏﺎز ﯾﺘﺪﻓﻖ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ أﺑﻄﺄ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺗﺪﻓﻖ اﻟﻨﯿﺘﺮوﺟﯿﻦ ﺑـ ‪ 1.19‬ﻣﺮة ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺠﮭﻮل ؟‬
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‫‪ -6‬ﻓﺘﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺧﺰان ﺗُﺴﺮب ﻏﺎزاً ﻣﺠﮭﻮﻻً ﻣﻊ ﺑﺨﺎر اﻟﻤﺎء ‪ ،‬ﯾﺘﺤﺮك ھﺬا اﻟﻐﺎز ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ أﺑﻄﺄ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺑﺨﺎر اﻟﻤﺎء ﺑـ ‪ 1.56‬ﻣﺮة ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ‬
‫) اﻟﺠﻮاب ‪( 43.8 g/mol :‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺠﮭﻮل ؟‬
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‫‪Al jazira Football Academy - Mr Samy Abu elela‬‬