Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Hunter Gatherers01
Hunter Gatherers01
Hunter Gatherers01
Recommended Books
Kelly, R.L. 1995. The Foraging Spectrum:
Diversity in Hunter-Gatherer Lifeways.
New York: Smithsonian.
Panter-Brick, C., Layton, R.H. and
Rowley-Conwy, P. (eds) 2001. HunterGatherers: An Interdisciplinary
Perspective. Cambridge:CUP.
Hunter-Gatherer: Definition
B. n. A member of a culture in which
people live by hunting, fishing, and
foraging rather than by growing crops,
rearing livestock, etc. Later also
humorously in extended use: a type of a
person (usually a man) driven by primitive
competitive or acquisitive instincts.
OED
3
Economic Ambiguity
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Dogs
And Mesolithic
examples like
Star Carr!
After!
Fire encouraged
Solanum: the fruit
dry a bit like
raisins. Here
mixed with water
and rolled into a
ball.
9
10
11
12
13
Agta Swidden
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
24
25
26
27
28
29
Rainy season
hunting camp in
forest
30
Lepenski Vir
(Danube)
Houses
31
Mezhirich
32
Teepee Circles
33
Paviland Cave
34
35
Lithics
36
Technology
Functional Forms
Style
Use Wear
Spatial Distribution (Intra and Inter-Site)
Stone Sources (and transport)
Residues
Phytolith
Starch
Blood
37
Animal Bones
38
Economy
Species exploited
Age and sex ratios exploited
Season of hunting
Hunting methods
Transport Strategies
Intensity of exploitation
Ecology
39
Shells
40
Species exploited
Season
Ecology
Transport patterns
Craft and personal adornment
Dating: C14, oxygen isotope stage etc.
41
More Unusual
Ceramics (if they have them)
Vessels
Art
Human Bones
Charred Plant Remains
42
Ceramics
43
Form
Function
Style
Technology
Dating: TL
Residues
Lipid (dateable)
Protein
44
Human Bones
45
Demography
Health and Disease
Funerary Rite
Injuries (accident, war, ritual)
Ancient DNA
Stable Isotopes
Oxygen and Hydrogen (climate)
Metals, O and H (origin)
Carbon (C3/C4 plants; marine/terrestrial)
Nitrogen (protein intake; trophic level)
46
47
Dating: C14
Species exploited
Season of exploitation
48
Rare preservation
Waterlogged
So much of H/G material culture is organic
Preservation of environmental data (pollen,
insects etc)
Permafrost
Desiccated
49
Ertebolle
Culture Fish
Traps
50
51