SYNCHRONOUS RELUCTANCE

MOTOR

Syllabi
Types
Axial and Transverse laminated motors
Operating principle
Reluctance
Phasor diagram
Characteristics
Vernier motor

Classification of AC Motors

Types of Rotor

Three different types of SynRM with anisotropic rotor structures

a)
b)
c)

Simple salient pole (SP) rotor

Axially laminated rotor
Transversally laminated rotor

Simple salient pole (SP) rotor

The salient pole rotor as
the first possibility is
made by removing some
iron material from each
rotor in the transversal
region.

Four-pole conventional
salient pole design

Axially laminated rotor

In the axially laminated
rotor, which is the second
type of SynRM, the
laminations (iron) are
suitably shaped at each pole
and insulated from each
other using electrically and
magnetically passive
materials (insulation) and
the resulting stacks are
connected through pole
holders to the central
region to which the shaft is
connected.
Four-pole axially-laminated
rotor design

Transversally laminated rotor

(Mostly Employed)
In the third type of
rotor the laminations
are punched in the
traditional way. Thin
ribs are left when
punching, thus the
various rotor segments
are connected to each
other by these ribs.
Four-pole transversally-laminated
rotor design

Permanent magnet assisted SynRM

When PMs are inserted into
the rotor flux barriers of a
synchronous reluctance motor,
it becomes a permanent
magnet assisted synchronous
reluctance motor (PmaSynRM). PMs can be mounted
in the rotor core of the axially
or transversally laminated
structure.
The polarity of magnets is
chosen such that counteract
the q-axis flux of the SynRM at
rated load

Four-pole transversally-laminated PM
assisted rotor design

Reluctance
Magnetic reluctance, or magnetic resistance, is a
concept used in the analysis of magnetic circuits.
It is analogous to resistance in an electrical circuit,
but rather than dissipating electric energy it stores
magnetic energy.
Magnetic field causes magnetic flux to follow the
path of least magnetic reluctance.

What is synchronous reluctance

motor?
A reluctance motor is a type of synchronous electric
motor.
Stator consists of multiple salient (ie. projecting)
electromagnet poles, similar to a wound field brushed
DC motor
Ferromagnetic rotor(non-permanent magnetic poles)
Torque is generated through the phenomenon of
magnetic reluctance.
The rotor consists of soft magnetic material, such as
laminated silicon steel, which has multiple projections
acting as salient magnetic poles through magnetic
reluctance.
Number of rotor poles is less than the number of stator
poles, which minimizes torque ripple.

Operating Principle

When a stator pole is energized, the rotor torque is in

the direction that will reduce reluctance. Thus the
nearest rotor pole is pulled from the unaligned position
into alignment with the stator field (a position of less
reluctance).
In order to sustain rotation, the stator field must rotate
in advance of the rotor poles, thus constantly "pulling"
the rotor along. commutation gives significant control
advantages for motor starting, speed control.

Characteristics of synchronous
reluctance motor
The synchronous reluctance motor is not self
starting without the squirrel cage.
During run up it behaves as an induction
motor but as it approaches synchronous
speed, the reluctance torque takes over and
the motor locks into synchronous speed.

Phasor Diagram
Pm =3VIcos
Pm
T=
m
3V 2
T=
m

X sd -X sq

X sd *X sq

Applications of syrm
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Synthetic fiber manufacturing equipment

Wrapping and folding machine
Auxiliary time mechanism
Synchronized conveyors
Metering pumps

Advantage & Disadvantage of SyRM

Advantages of SyRM
1. There is no concern with demagnetization, hence
synchronous reluctance.
2. There need be no excitation field at zero torque, thus
eliminating electromagnetic spinning losses.
3. SyRM rotor can be constructed entirely from high strength,
low cost materials.
4. Lower torque ripple.
Disadvantages of SyRM
1. Compared to induction motor it is slightly heavier and has
low power factor.
2. High cost than induction motor.
3. Need speed synchronization to inverter output frequency by
using rotor position sensor and sensor less control.

Vernier Motor
It is an unexcited reluctance type sync.motor.
The peculiar feature of this motor is that a
small displacement of the rotor produces a
large displacement of the axis of maximum
and minimum permeance.
A Vernier Motor is an unexcited reluctance
type Synchronous motor which has the
feature of high torque at low speed

 Thank U