Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

thuyt minh
bin php thi cng
cng trnh:

1. m t chung v cng trnh

I. Khi qut chung.
1.V tr

Cng trnh :
a im xy dng :
Ch u t :

n v d thu:
2. c im cng trnh:
Sau khi nghin cu k hin trng khu t xy dng, iu kin giao thng, c s h tng, a
hnh, cc iu kin an ninh an ton x hi ca khu vc chng ti nh gi c im cng trnh nh sau:
Cng trnh s c xy dng trong khu vc c cc cng trnh ang s dng nm st mt ng
trc chnh ca th x . nn thun tin cho vic vn chuyn vt t, tuy nhin do nm trong khu c
nh lm vic nn vic thi cng cn ht sc m bo yu cu v k thut v m thut, mi trng cng
nh an ton cao trnh nh hng ti hot ng bnh thng ca khi c quan v nh dn ln cn.
Cng trnh ". xy dng 3 tng xy dng theo tiu chun cp III, bc chu la cp IV, khung b
tng chu lc, phng n mng l mng bng da trn nn cc b tng ct thp c kch thc 25cmx25cm,
chiu di cc 11,5m. Khung b tng chu lc sn lin M200 dy 100 ti ch, t ng ngn v tng bao
che xy gch ch 6.5x10.5x22 va xi mng 50#, Xy tng 220 va TH M25, Xy tng 110 va TH
H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

M50. H thng in v cp thot nc phc v cho qu trnh thi cng c thit lp trn c s ngun
in do Ch u t cung cp v nc thi c x l v thi vo cng thot ca th x, nc thi cng s dng
nc ly t ngun nc sch (ngun nc my ca th x) cp hoc dng nc ging khoan th trc khi dng phi
ly mu a n phng th nghim ca cng ty thit k cp nc hoc c s th nghim nc c t cch
php nhn thc hin, ch khi no ngun nc t yu cu trong xy dng th mi c php thi cng.
3. Phn cng vic d thu
Nh thu s t chc lc lng nhn cng, xe my v cung cp vt liu ,thit b theo yu cu ca
ch u t hon thnh tt c cng vic v o t, lp t, cng tc kt cu v hon thin, in,
nc, chng st, Sn, H rnh ngoi nh... nh ch ra trong bn v xy dng mi thu ca Cng trnh
ni trn.
4. Tiu chun p dng
Nh thu s tun theo cc tiu chun sau:
Tt c vt liu, thit b o bng h mt, theo tiu chun quc t v o lng.
T chc thi cng

TCVN-4055-85.

Nghim thu cng trnh xy dng

TCVN-4091-85

Kt cu gch - Qui phm thi cng v nghim thu

Qui phm thi cng v nghim thu

TCVN-4085-87.

TCVN-4453-95.

qui phm thi cng v nghim thu

TCVN 4452-87

Cng tc hon thin trong xy dng,

B tng, kim tra nh gi bn, Qui nh chung TCVN-5440-91.
Xi mng, phn loi

TCVN-5439-91.

Xi mng, cc tiu chun th xi mng

Ct xy dng.Yu cu k thut

TCVN-0139-91.
TCVN-1770-86

H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

dm ,si dm,si dng trong XD-Yu cu k thut TCVN-17771-86

Gch -Phng php kim tra bn nn

TCVN -246-86

Nc cho b tng v va.-Yu cu k thut

TCVN-4506-87

Hng dn pha trn v s dng va pha trn

Qui nh c bn
Xi mng
Yu cu chng thm

TCVN-4459-87.
TCVN-2287-78.
TCVN-2682-92.
TCVN-5718-1993

5.Vt liu s dng vo cng trnh

Tt c vt liu, thit b s dng vo cng trnh ca nh thu s l mi 100%. Chng loi vt liu theo
h s mi thu. Ch dng nhng vt liu khng c hoc theo yu cu phi thay th ca cng vic. Nh ng tt c vt liu ny phi c ch u t ph duyt trc khi s dng thi cng.
Xi mng:

Nh thu s dng xi mng Pooc lng PC-30 v PCB-30 theo tiu chun TCVN nu trn, Cc l xi
mng c a v cng trng u c chng ch tiu chun cht lng do c quan c t cch php nhn v
kim nh cht lng vt liu cung cp, cc bao xi mng c t trn sn cao trnh m v ngp nc
ma.
Khng dng xi mng lu qu 28 ngy, tuyt i khng dng xi mng b km phm cht hoc b
m.
:

dm hoc si 1x2, a n cng trng m bo theo tiu chun TCVN nu trn ,Mi ln a
v cng trng v trc khi trn b tng c K thut B v cn b gim st ca ch u t kim tra xc

H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

nhn cho s dng, nu khng m bo phi x l. phi m bo cng, bn, sch khng bn bi
tp cht nh hng n cng b tng.
c cha bi sch (lng va hoc lt tn).
Ct:

Ct dng trn b tng v cho va xy trt m bo tiu chun TCVN nu trn. ct sch khng c
tp cht. Trc khi dng c k thut A,B kim tra nu m bo cht lng mi c dng. Nu bn phi sng,
ra sch mi c php s dng.
Nc:

Nc dng trn b tng trn va, ly t ngun nc sch do ch u t cp hoc dng nc ging khoan th
trc khi dng phi ly mu a n phng th nghim ca cng ty thit k cp nc hoc c s th
nghim nc c t cch php nhn thc hin. Nc c th nghim theo cc tiu chun TCVN nu trn.
Tt c cc ti liu th nghim nc nh thu cung cp cho gim st bn A xem xt v c s nht tr trc
khi s dng.
Thp :
S dng thp Thi Nguyn hoc Lin Doanh m bo theo tiu chun thit k v tiu chun Vit
Nam TCVN nu trn, c giy chng nhn cht lng ca nh my. Nh thu s ly mu th nghim cho
mi l thp mua v, sau a vo s dng cho cng trnh. Cng tc nghim thu ct thp phi tun
th quy phm thi cng v nghim thu ct thp TCVN
Gch xy:
Gch dng xy mng, b nc, b pht, xy tng dng loi gch my c kch thc 220x105x60 mc
75 .
Gch xy m bo tiu chun TCVN nu trn. Cht lng t cng chu nn, kch thc ng
tiu chun, c chc khng cong vnh, chn u.
H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

Va xy trt:
Xi mng, ct trt m bo tiu chun nh i vi xi mng, ct dng cho b tng. Va trn m bo
cht lng nh qui nh trong tiu chun TCVN nu trn. Va trn khng s dng qu 30 pht, Va
c qu thi hn s dng khng trn li dng.
Gach p lt:
Gch lt nn trc khi dng lt i tr ti cc phng chng ti s cung cp mu v p th, lt th sau
mi i din c quan mi thu xt duyt v la chn. Gch lt nn, khu v sinh dng gch chng
trn, gch p khu v sinh dng gch men knh .
Ca i, ca s:
Dng ca g nhm 2 ,cc ph kin Minh Khai. G s dng vo cng trnh c xy kh, ngm tm
theo tiu chun TCVN.
Phn in,chng st:
Dy dn in s dng dy in rut li ng -Trn Ph, Hn Quc
H thng bo v, cng tc, cm, CLIPSAL,...
H thng thu li chng st vi in tr <= 10 m
Phn cp thot nc:
ng cp nc dng ng thp trng km Vinapipe, ng thot nc dng ng nha Tin phong.
B tng :
Ton b b tng s dng cho cng trnh l b tng trn ti ch bng my trn 250 lt hoc 350 lt. B
tng mng, c ct ging mng dng b tng M200. B tng sn khu ph, dm, khung, ct, b nc ngm
dng BT mc M200. Ton b cc cng tc b tng c thc hin theo cc tiu chun TCVN nu trn.

H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

2.

Bin php thi cng

I. C s lp bin php thi cng:

Cn c:
Thng bo mi thu ca Cng ty , km theo H s mi thu thi cng cng trnh : Nh
lm vic Cng .
Qui ch u thu ban hnh km theo ngh nh 43/CP ngy 16 thng 7 nm 1996 ca Chnh ph.
Quy ch qun l u t v xy dng ban hnh km theo ngh nh s 52/1999/ND-CP ngy 8 thng 7
nm 1999 ca Th tng chnh ph.
iu l qun l cht lng cng trnh theo quyt nh 498 BXD/G ngy 18-9-1996 ca B Xy dng.
Cc tiu chun k thut TCVN
iu kin v nng lc nh thu.
II. Bin php thi cng chung:
1.

T chc cng trng:

Sau khi nhn c thng bo trng thu, nh thu cng ch u t k kt hp ng kinh t. Trn c s

HKT k kt nh thu khn trng trin khai cng vic theo hp ng.
Tip nhn mt bng do ch u t bn giao, trn c s tim mc v cc ti liu thit k c bn giao
nh thu tin hnh o nh v cng trnh.
y chng ti b tr lc lng qun l v cn b k thut hp l cho cng trng, c th:
- Mt i trng c kinh nghim thi cng lu nm lm ch huy trng ti cng trng

H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

Mt t i ng k s lm cn b k thut ph trch cc phn vic chnh ti cng trnh: Gim st thi

cng, qun l cht lng in, nc, my mc, an ton lao ng, kim tra cht lng tng phn vic v
cht lng chung...
Mt i ng cng nhn lnh ngh k thut cao thuc bin ch Cng ty, tng tham gia nhiu cng
trnh t cht lng cao. Trc khi vo lm vic s c t chc hc an ton lao ng v k hp ng lao
ng vi tng cng nhn.
Chun b lc lng, thnh lp cng trng c b my ch huy , cn b k thut, kinh t, vt t... iu

ng cc n v cng nhn theo yu cu tin cng vic.

-

Trin khai lc lng thi cng c gii tin hnh cng tc o t, nn mng v

cc vic tip

theo.
-

B tr mt bng t chc thi cng: Do cng trnh nm trong khu vc tp trung dn c v vy vic b
tr thi cng phi tuyt i khng lm nh hng n cc khu vc hin hu ln cn, Do c hai mt
gip ng trc chnh ca Th x . nn thun tin cho vic tp kt vt t, vt liu, b tr mt
bng thi cng c th hin r trong bn v mt bng t chc thi cng.

- Lm vic vi Ch cng trnh v cc c quan c hp ng cp in nc.

-

Lm vic vi chnh quyn a phng thc hin cc qui nh ca a phng v trt t an ton
x hi, v sinh mi trng, phng chng chy n...

Nh thu s ngn cch Cng trnh xy dng vi bn ngoi bng hng ro c quy kn bng li B40
ph bt m bo trt t, v sinh . M 1 cng chnh cho cng nhn ,xe my i vo thi cng.

2. Bin php m bo tin thi cng:

Cn c yu cu tin xy dng cng trnh m Ch u t ra, nh thu xin thc hin

ton b khi lng cc cng vic nu trong h s thit k k thut mi thu.

H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

p ng yu cu thi gian thi cng c ch u t n nh nh thu la chn phng n thi

cng ti u t tin nhanh nht vi cc bin php c th nh sau:
- Lp tng tin thi cng v tin thi cng chi tit tun, thng c ch u t chp thun.
Tin thi cng th hin khi lng, s lng, thi gian, chng loi, vt t, thit b, xe my, nhn lc... c
iu ng theo k hoch - tin phc v c hiu qu v kp thi.
- T chc ch o iu hnh sn xut cht ch theo k hoch - tin , phn cng b tr nhn
lc, s dng thit b xe my hp l, phi hp nhp nhng gia cc b phn, b tr cn b c tinh thn
trch nhim cao, c chuyn mn nghip v vng vng, s dng lc lng cng nhn c tay ngh kh, k
lut lao ng tt.
- C bin php khuyn khch ngi lao ng a nng sut lao ng ln cao v tng thu nhp, tr lng kp thi.
- p dng cng ngh thi cng tin tin v thit b hin i hiu sut cao (Dng h gin gio chng
t hp, gin gio trt, cc cng c v dng c cm tay thun tin, nng sut cao).
- S dng khi lng cp pha, gin gio ln s dng cho nhiu tng mt lc, thi cng tng trn ch a
tho cp pha gin gio cc tng di.
- Ct thp, cp pha v cc chi tit t sn gia cng trc rt ngn thi gian chun b khi
b tng.
- B tr thi cng theo dy chuyn cng ngh hp l gia cc cng on thi cng, gia cc phn
vic xy th, hon thin, in, nc...
- Nghin cu k thit k, thi cng theo ng thit k v tiu chun k thut lm u c
y, khng phi ph i lm li.

H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

- Hng ngy cui gi lm vic Ban ch huy cng trng hp giao ban vi cn b ch cht kim im
cng vic trong ngy v tin khi lng cng vic, cht lng v an ton lao ng, ng thi bn vic
cho ngy hm sau.
- Trn c s k hoch, tin c duyt Ban ch huy cng trng thc hin ch o sn xut theo
tin tun. Hng tun hp giao ban A - B kim im vic thc hin tin , cht lng... Nu chm
th tun tip theo phi tng cng lc lng thit b xe my, nhn lc lm b khi lng ca tun trc
chm.
3. Bin php m bo cht lng;
tn ti v pht trin nh thu phi gi uy tn, cht lng sn phm. Cng nh xc nh y l
mt hng mc cng trnh quan trng . V vy nh thu s xy dng cng trnh vi cht lng cao, vi
cc bin php c th c hiu qu nh:
- Thc hin ng v y cc qui nh trong "iu l qun l cht lng cng trnh xy dng"
ban hnh km theo quyt nh s 498 BXD/G ngy 18 thng 9 nm1996 ca B trng B Xy dng.
- Thc hin y v ng cc yu cu ca ch u t trong bn mi thu v HKT k kt gia
ch u t v nh thu.
- Thc hin y cc th tc nghim thu cht lng cng trnh ca tng cng vic, hng mc v
nghim thu ton b cng trnh a vo s dng, c y h s k thut, bn v hon cng, cc bin
bn nghim thu.
- Thc hin m bo cht lng vt t, thit b lp t c chng ch cht lng do c quan chuyn
ngnh c thm quyn cp.
- st ca hn hp b tng c kim tra ti hin trng theo qui nh:
i vi b tng trn ti hin trng thc hin o st ngay m trn u tin.
H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

Khi trn v b tng trong thi tit v m vt liu n nh th kim tra mt ln trong
mt ca.
Khi c s thay i chng loi v m vt liu cng nh thnh phn cp phi b tng th
phi kim tra ngay m trn u tin, sau kim tra thm t nht mt ln trong mt ca.
Cc mu b tng c ly v bo dng m ti cng trng theo tiu chun TCVN 4453-1995 v TCVN 31051993. Cng trnh c b tng khi khng ln nn nh thu p dng qui nh theo tiu chun TCVN
4453-1995
Ct thp c ly mu th theo ch nh ca k s gim st.
Nh thu dng cc loi vt liu m bo cc yu cu v cht lng do thit k v ch u t ra (xem
mc bin php m bo cht lng)
4, Bin php t chc mt bng thi cng :
- phc v thi cng cng trnh trong sut thi gian thi cng chng ti s b tr cc cng trnh tm nh
sau:
+ Vn phng tm v kho xi mng, vt liu ph vi din tch khong 50m2, vn phng 20m2 l ni iu
hnh tt cc cc hot ng thi cng trn cng trng...Kho kn cha vt t cho thi cng
- Nh thu s b tr kho kn cha xi mng v cc vt t qu him bng ln tri. Ngoi ra s dng mt s ln
tri tm che chn nng ma lm kho cha vt liu cng knh nh thp, g v lm ni gia cng
cppha thp ti hin trng . . .vv.
- Cc loi vt liu s c k xp ng quy trnh bo qun v ng v tr trn mt bng thi cng, thp
c k cao v xp theo loi, cc thit b ko un st, hn ni v sp xp sn phm tr c khi a ln cng
trnh.
- Gch c xp theo kiu v vn chuyn vo cng trnh khi cn s dng n.
H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

- Gio chuyn dng bng thp s c cung ng n cng trng theo tng t thi cng cc phn
vic v c xp gn, c phn loi t hp bo dng ti hin trng.
- Vn chuyn vt liu ln cao chng ti d kin s dng mt my vn thng.
5.Tnh ton v b tr in nc thi cng
in, nc cn cung cp cho cng vic thi cng cng trnh nh ni trn , nh thu tnh ton lng
tiu th in, nc thi cng cng trnh ti thi im s dng trn cng trnh l ln nht. T nh thu
s b tr cc loi my bm, my pht in, cp dn in v ng ng nc phc v tt cho cng vic thi
cng cng trnh

in thi cng:
- c ngun in thi cng trc tin cn phi phi hp vi Ch cng trnh, c quan qun l in ca
khu vc k hp ng cp in phc v thi cng cng trnh. T nh c im cp in c
nh, nh thu s ko 1 l 3 pha bng cp cao su, i ni trn ct treo cao >4,5m dn n cu dao
tng ca cng trnh. Qua cc cu dao ph ti in n cc im thi cng. in thi cng s c lp
t theo ng quy trnh quy phm chung v chuyn ngnh hin hnh. Nh thu c cn b v cng
nhn chuyn mn v in qun l theo di kim tra thng xuyn sa sang tu b ng dy, thit
b theo ng qui phm an ton ti cu dao tng c t ng h o in phc v vic s dng
tit kim hp l v thanh ton chi ph in.
Vi nhu cu s dng in tnh ton trn Nh thu b tr 1 my pht in d phng 20 KVA
m bo cung cp in lin tc cho cng trng hot ng thi cng v sinh hot.

Nc thi cng:

H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

Nh thu s lm vic v k hp ng cung cp nc sch vi Ch cng trnh v c quan qun l nc

phc v cho thi cng v sinh hot ca cng trng. B tr my bm ng, y nc thi cng ln tng trn
phc v cho vic lm sch, bo dng b tng v phng chng chy trong qu trnh thi cng.
Nh thu c bin php m bo dng nc tit kim, thu thot nc thi tt, trnh ly li mt bng.
- m bo c lng nc thi cng theo tnh ton th nh thu cn t khoan ging. Ging khoan cng
h thng lc nc m bo tiu chun cp nc phc v cng tc thi cng v sinh hot trn cng trng.
- Thot nc cng trnh: b tr rnh thot nc mt, dng my bm ra h thng thot nc.
6. Cng tc nh v cng trnh v sai s cho php:
a,Cng tc nh v:
Ch u t phi cung cp cho nh thu cc s liu c lin quan n im mc chun cng trnh c
s dng.Trn c s mc chun ca Ch u t bn giao cho, chng ti tin hnh xy dng mng li nh
v chun cho cng trnh trong sut qu trnh thi cng.
Trc khi tin hnh thi cng cng trnh v cc b phn ca cng trnh, Nh thu s tin hnh nh v
v tr v cao theo bn v thit k, ng thi Nh thu s trnh vi Ch u t , T vn v K s gim
st xem xt ph duyt. Nh thu s tin hnh xy dng mng li H thng tim ca li ct c xc nh
bng my kinh v, h thng ny c bn gi ln cc vt c nh hoc lm ct mc b tng t cch
trc bin ca cng trnh m bo khng b x dch trong qu trnh thi cng.
Cao chun ca cng trnh c xc nh trn c s quy nh ct ca Ch u t .Nh thu dng
mythu bnh xc nh v cao chun ca cng trnh c bn gi vo cc vt c nh bn
ngoi cng trnh sau bn chuyn vo cng trnh.
Cng tc nh v mt bng cng trnh s c hon thnh trc khi bt u thi cng.
b, Sai s cho php:
H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

- Sai s ca tt c cng tc thi cng phi tun theo cc qui nh trong Tiu chun xy dng Vit Nam,
Qun l, cht lng, thi cng v nghim thu.
- nhm m bo chnh xc cao cho cng trnh, Nh thu rt coi trng cng tc kim tra v
nghim thu.
7. Cng tc thi cng cc cng vic di ct +0.00
- Nh thu s tm hiu k v tip thu s ch dn ca Ch cng trnh v tnh hnh cc cng trnh
ngm nu c di mt bng cng trnh nh cp in lc, thng tin lin lc, h thng cp thot nc, bom,
mn vv. . . Nu c cc nh hng n cng trnh ngm th cng Ch cng trnh v cc c quan hu
quan gii quyt kp thi theo quy nh ca Nh nc.
- Cng tc bao gm: Thi cng mng nh, b nc ngm, b pht v h thng cp in ngm, h thng
cp thot nc, x l nn mng...
- Cc kt cu di ct 0.00 c lp bn v hon cng v nghim thu trc khi lp kn.
8. Dn v sinh cng trng:
-Nh thu tin hnh dn dp, chun b mt bng cho l khi cng, cng nh dn dp, chun b mt
bng thi cng ngay.
- Cng vic v sinh cng trnh c chuyn ph thi xy dng ra khi cng trng. n bi thi qui
nh ca a phng v cng ty mi trng th.
- Vic v sinh bao gm dn sch tt c cc cy ci trn cng trng, rc xy dng...
- Cc vt liu ph hp cho vic trng cy cnh s c nh thu li, cc vt liu khc s c nh thu
dn sch, nh thu s chu cc chi ph v vic dn v sinh.
- Cc cng trnh ph tr Nh thu thu dn sch s tr li mt bng cho Ch u t trc khi bn giao cng
trnh
H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

III

bin php thi cng chi tit

1.Bin php thi cng mng :

1.1. Cng tc c cc b tng: Ngay sau khi c quyt nh trng thu , nh thu chng ti tin
hnh ngay cng tc c cc b tng ct thp ti bi c theo ng yu cu ca h s mi thu , bn
v thit k thi cng .
- Cc b tng cng trnh 250x250 mc 250# gm 3 on : hai on di 4m, on u cc di
3,5m c c ti bi ca Cng ty . Bi chuyn c cc c sn lng xi mng phng .
- Cp pha cc: Dng cp pha thp nh hnh.
- Ct thp trong cng tc c cc p ng ng theo bn v thit k .
- B tng cc c trn bng my trn 250 lt t ngay ti bi c cc , m bo ng mc thit
k M 250# .
- Cc c cn c ghi r ngy c v phi c chng ch xut xng , tui, khng nt gy.
- Cc c ch n cng trnh bng xe chuyn dng v xp t ti hin trng theo qui nh , khi
lng v thi gian cung cp cc cn theo yu cu c th ca tin trnh p cc .
- Cc cng tc cp pha , ct thp v b tng trong cng tc c cc cn phi tun th cc tiu
chun , qui phm hin hnh v TCXD Vit Nam .
- Trc khi a cc vo p phi tin hnh nghim thu cht lng cc v kch thc hnh hc ca cc so
vi thit k.
1.2. Cng tc p cc b tng ( phng php p trc):

H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

- Khi c thng bo trng thu chng ti s c trc 3 cy cc , s cc ny c chng ch xut xng ,

m bo cht lng v sau chuyn v mt bng tin hnh p th nghim.
- m bo tin thi cng , sau khi c kt qu nn tnh chng ti s vn chuyn n cng tr ng mt s cc p trong thi gian ban u , s cc ny c chng ch xut xng , m bo cht lng ng yu cu thit k.
- Cn c vo li nh v mt bng v kch thc thc t ti hin trng truyn dn t cc mc
xc nh v tr trc theo 2 phng , t xc nh v tr cu i mng v v tr tng cc trong i
mng .
- Ch khi c kt qu th nghim nn tnh v c kin ca c quan thit k , ch u t, chng
ti mi tin hnh p i tr.
- Th t thi cng cc cc p c ch nh trn bn v thi cng p cc . S th t ca cc cc cng
c dng lp h s l lch nghim thu v hon cng cho tng cc .
- Dng 2 my p thu lc ( c chng ch kim nh ng h trc khi p ) chy in , 2 cn trc
bnh lp ( xem BVTC).
- My p phi c t ngang bng , khung c k chc chn bng h x g g 120x120 ,
trng tm ca ton b my phi trng vi tim cc.
- Dng cu cu cc th vo v tr ca 2 thanh dn ca my . Trc khi cu cc phi kim tra chc
chn ca mc buc v dy cp . Sau khi cc chng phi kim tra thng ng ca cc bng my
trc c trong sut qu trnh p cc .

H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

- Hn ni cc : t tim 2 bn thp u cc trng kht nhau , v sinh sch s cc bavia b tng , du

m, t , r ti bn thp , p trc 1 lc bng 20% lc p cc ti v tr . Kim tra thng ng
ca on cc ni v hn nh 2 bn thp vi nhau.
- Ln lt t cc bn thp ni hn vo 4 cnh cc v hn ng ng hn theo thit k , tun th
theo cc qui phm hn kt cu kim loi trong xy dng TCVN 170-1989.
- Trong sut qu trnh p cc , nh thu chng ti b tr ghi chp t m cc vn :
+ nh s ton b cc cc p theo trnh t t s 1 cho n ht.
+ Ghi nht k thi cng khi p cc on cc , hn ni cc , chiu di p cc , cc din bin trong
qu trnh p , lc p ln nht .
2. Cng tc t

2.1. Bin php thi cng o t :

- Trc khi o t tt c rc, gc r cy v vt liu tha s c nh thu chuyn ra khi cng trng.
Sau khi dn sch khu vc o t, tt c cc lp t pha trn s c chuyn ra khi khu vc o v
mt phn gi li cho vic s dng li. Nh thu s o n su nh bn v thit k. Trng hp o
su hn phi c s ch dn ca Ch cng trnh. Sau khi o n su thit k, Ch cng trnh
d n s nghim thu v kim tra.
- Khng lp trong khu vc o cho n khi Ch cng trnh nghim thu v ph duyt.
- Qua kho st thc t vi ct t t nhin v vi thit k chiu su t mng
Nh thu tnh c chiu su cn o mng, vi chiu su h o v khi lng t phi o Nh
thu dng my o gu nghch bnh lp hyundai dung tch gu 0,4 m3 vn chuyn t tha bng t
t IFA W50. Nhng v tr my khng o c v sa thnh h o th tin hnh bng th cng.
H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

2.2.Bin php chng ng ngp trong qu trnh o

- Nh thu s bo v tt c khu vc o nc ngm v nc ma c th thot ra nhanh chng khng
nh hng n cht lng cng vic.
- Nh thu s c bin php thot nc trnh ng ngp, lm rnh thot, k t chng st l. Nc h mng
chy vo rnh thot nc thu v h thu v bm thot theo ng rnh ra h thng thot nc ca khu vc.
3.3.Lp t, m t
Khu vc lp t s c m cht vi m cht khng nh hn 95% ca m cht khi
lp t v c xc nh t vic th nghim.
Pha di h mng khng cho php ng ngp, cc vt liu di lp y mng khng ph hp s c
thay th bng ct v m cht.
Vic lp t c lp tng lp vi chiu dy khng qu 150 mm v c m cht. Nh thu s san
gt tng lp sau dng my m cc m t.
3. Cng tc b tng ct thp.
3.1

Yu cu chung v cng tc thi cng b tng ct thp

3.1.1. khi qut chung:

Nh thu s p dng cc Tiu chun p dng TCVN v b tng ct thp nh nu mc trn.
Nh thu s chun b v trnh ln Ch cng trnh. Trc khi bt u cng vic b tng , nh thu s thc
hin cng vic b tng theo s ch dn,v nhng yu cu ca Ch cng trnh.
Khng b tng khi cha c vn bn ph duyt ca Ch cng trnh.
3.1.2. Vt liu

H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

Vt liu dng cho b tng ct thp gm c: xi mng, ct vng, dm, ct thp, n c v t l pha
trn. Cc vt liu ny khi s dng nh thu m bo tho mn cc yu cu v quy nh, quy phm v
tiu chun xy dng Vit nam nh nu mc cc tiu chun p dng.
3.1.3. Yu cu chung v ct thp:
- Ct thp s dng trong b tng ng theo bn v thit k v chng loi, s lng,cht lng v ng
knh.
- Trc khi s dng nh thu s a kt qu kim tra cht lng cho t vn,ch u t.
- Trc khi gia cng, ct thp c chun b v kim tra theo cc quy nh di y:
B mt phi c lm sch, khng dnh bn, t, du m hay sn.
Khng c khuyt tt g trn b mt.
Mc thp, ng knh ct thp phi bo m ng theo thit k.
Trc khi gia cng, ct thp c nn thng, phi c kim tra ct thp trc khi b tng. Kim tra
kch thc ct thp, mi hn (khng b ni bt, b mt phng nhn & lin mch), im un, s l ng
thp, thp ch... Ct thp phi tun theo thit k.
- kim tra ct thp: c chng ch ct thp c cung cp ng yu cu, ng u v kch thc v tit
din, ng ng knh yu cu, m bo yu cu thit k;
- Mt ngoi ct thp: b mt sch, khng b gim tit din cc b trn 2% ng knh;
- Ct v un: m bo quy trnh k thut;
- Ct thp un: sai lch khng vt qu sai s cho php;
- Hn ct thp: thit b hn m bo cc thng s k thut; m bo bc th hn; b mt mi hn
nhn, khng chy, khng t qung, khng thu hp cc b v khng bt, m bo chiu dy v chiu
cao ng hn;
- Thp ch v chi tit t sn: m bo yu cu quy nh ca thit k;
H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

- Ni buc ct thp: m bo chiu di ni chng theo quy nh;

- Lp t ct thp: lp dng ng quy trnh k thut; chng loi,v tr, s lng v kch thc theo
ng thit k; sai s trong phm vi cho php;
-

Con k: c bng va XM, c chiu dy bng lp bo v ct thp nh ging mng,i mng dy

35mm, dm sn dy 20mm

- Chiu dy lp b tng bo v ct thp: theo quy nh ca thit k v sai lch trong phm vi cho php;
- Thay i ct thp: Khi c s thay i ct thp phi c s nht tr ca thit k v ch u t .
Khng qut nc ximng ln ct thp phng g trc khi b tng ct thp. Nhng on thp ch
tha ra ngoi khi b tng ct thp ln trc phi lm sch b mt, co ht va ximng dnh
bm trc khi b tng ct thp ln sau.
Ct thp c bo qun ring theo tng nhm v phi c bin php chng n mn, chng g, chng
bn.
Ct thp c ct gi di mi che v xp thnh ng phn bit theo s hiu, ng knh, chiu di v
m hiu tin vic s dng. khng xp ln ln gia ct thp g v ct thp cha g. trng hp phi
xp ct thp ngoi tri th k mt u cao v mt u thp trn nn cng v khng c c mc. ng
ct thp phi k cao hn mt nn t nht l 30 cm, khng xp cao qu 1,2 m v rng qu 2 m.
3.2.Yu cu chung v cng tc vn khun

- Ti cng trnh ny chng ti s dng ton b cppha g

Cppha v h ging, chng u c thit k trc v s c gia cng theo bn v. Nh thu c
trch nhim thit k cu trc v tho d cppha. Nhng cppha b li, khng c lm sch,
khng ph hp s khng c s dng. Nhng tm cppha hng, v, b li s c chuyn khi cng
trng.
H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

Cppha dm v sn c thit k c vng thi cng theo cng thc f=3L/1000. Cc b phn chu lc
ca gio khng ni. Cc thanh ging c tnh ton v b tr thch hp m bo ton b h
thng cppha gio n nh.
Cppha chn u cc khi m bo kn, kht, n nh, m bo hnh dng, kch thc ca
mch ngng theo qui nh ca thit k.
Trc khi b tng, b mt b tng s c lm sch bng vi bm nc.
Cppha s c kim tra trc khi b tng.
Cppha phi c ghp cht khng b mt nc ximng.
Yu cu kim tra i vi vn khun lp dng
Vn khun lp dng cn phi kim tra theo cc yu cu sau v sai lch khng c vt qu tr s cho
php.
- Hnh dng v kch thc, cu kin ;
- Kt cu vn khun, chc chn,n nh;
- phng gia cc tm ghp ni;
- kn, kht gia cc tm vn khun, gia vn khun v mt nn;
- Chi tit chn ngm v t sn;
- Chng dnh vn khun;
- V sinh b mt vn khun;
- nghing,v tr, cao v kch thc vn khun;
- m ca vn khun g.
- cng v n nh.
Mt s yu cu k thut i vi dn gio
- Gin gio phi chc chn n nh;
H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

- Cc ct gi phi lin kt vi cc thanh ging ngang, ging dc v ging cho gi cho gin gio
khng b bin dng, cc mi lin kt phi chc chn.
- Phi c lan can an ton.
Lp t tho d vn khun
Vn khun gio c tho d khi b tng t cng thit k kt cu chu c trng lng bn thn
v cc ti trng tc ng khc trong giai on thi cng sau, c th theo ch dn ca bng trong tiu
chun TCVN;
Khi tho d cppha gio trnh khng gy ng sut t ngt hoc va chm mnh lm h hi n kt
cu b tng.
Cng b tng khi c php tho d cppha, nu thit k khng c ch dn c bit Nh thu thc
hin theo TCVN 4453-1995.
Cc kt cu vng, consol, s n ch tho ct chng v cppha y khi c ng b tng t mc
thit k v c i trng chng lt.
Khi tho d cppha gio cc tm sn b tng ton khi s thc hin nh sau:
Tho d tng b phn ct chng cppha ca tm sn pha di na v gi li cc ct chng an ton cch
nhau 3 m di dm.
Vic cht ti tng phn ln kt cu sau khi tho d cppha gio s c tnh ton theo cng b
tng t c, loi kt cu v c trng ti trng trnh cc vt nt v cc h hng khc i vi kt
cu.
Vic cht ti ton b ln cc kt cu sau khi tho d cppha gio ch c thc hin khi b tng
cng thit k.
3.3.Yu cu chung v cng tc b tng

H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

Trc khi b tng nh thu s chun b v trnh ln Ban qun l ph duyt, nh thu s c
trch nhim v cht lng sn phm b tng:
Khng b tng mng, ct, sn... Khi cha c nghim thu v ph duyt ca ch u t.
B tng c trn theo mc thit k . Cp phi v cng do phng th nghim ca nh thu hoc
phng th nghim do ch u t ch nh tnh ton v xc nh. Nh thu v bn cung cp b tng
cng c trch nhim gim st vic thc hin cp phi v sn xut b tng. Cng v kt qu do phng
th nghim a ra phi c chp nhn. Cng b tng l cng ti thiu c chp nhn theo qui
trnh k thut trn c s kt qu th nghim.
Nh thu s trn b tng bng my trn v chuyn n cng trng bng xe chuyn dng.
st c kim tra tng m trn.
Thi gian t khi trn n khi b tng khng qu 45 pht.
b tng phi trnh s phn tng v chuyn v ca ct thp v vn khun.
B tng c lin tc v nu c mch ngng th mch ngng theo v tr thit k.
Vi bt che ma s c chun b phng khi c ma
cng tc b tng bao gm: Chun b vt liu cho b tng; Xc nh thnh phn cp phi cho tng loi
mc b tng v m trn
- Trn b tng;
- Vn chuyn b tng t ni trn n ni ;
- b tng vo vn khun, san ri v m b tng;
- Bo dng b tng;
- Tho d vn khun;
- Trc khi b tng phi kim tra nghim thu vn khun, ct thp, h thng sn thao tc m bo
yu cu k thut;
H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

- Lm sch vn khun, ct thp, sa cha nhng khuyt tt sai st.

- Ti nc trc vo vn khun, dng vt liu mng tri sn chng dnh b tng vo ct pha.
- Trc khi b tng ln lp va kh trc phi lm sch mt b tng, nh sm, ti lp nc h xi
mng ln ;
- m bo cung cp va b tng lin tc theo d kin k hoch tin .
+ Khng ch chiu cao b tng khng vt qu 2,5m;
+ Phi b tng t trn xung; khng lm sai lch ct thp;
+ Phi b tng t xa n gn so vi v tr tip nhn va b tng, khng dng m di chuyn
ngang b tng;
+ Khi b tng cc khi ln, kt cu c chiu dy ln phi thnh nhiu lp, chiu dy ln nht cho
php ca mi lp theo bng trn. Khong thi gian ngng gia cc lp b tng khng c ph gia
khng c ln hn tr s ca bng sau:
Thi gian ngng cho php khi b tng khng c ph gia (pht)
Nhit trong khi

Xi mng Poc lng

Xi mng Poc lng

khi b tng ( C)

x,

Ln hn 30

60

xi mng Puzolan
90

20 30

90

120

10 20

135

180

Cng tc m b tng
Vic m b tng s m bo cc yu cu sau:
H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

Dng cc loi m khc nhau, nhng phi m bo sao cho sau khi m, b tng c m cht v
khng c r.
Thi gian m ti mi v tr khong cch gia cc v tr phi ph hp vi tnh nng ca m v phi
m bo cho b toong c m k (khi va ximng ni ln b mt v bt kh khng cn na) v phi
kt thc cng tc m cht b tng trc khi ximng bt u lin kt.
Bo dng b tng
Bo dng b tng to iu kin ng cng ca b tng c thun li: khng b mt nc b mt,
khng cho chu lc tc ng khi b tng cha chu c lc tc ng, khng b rung ng lm gim lin
kt gia b tng v ct thp.
Thi gian bo dng m theo quy nh.
X l cc khuyt tt trong b tng:
Nh thu p dng mi bin php thi cng b tng cu kin b tng sau khi thod cppha khng c
khuyt tt. Nu c nhng khuyt tt nh v khng gy nh hng ti kh nng chu lc ca kt cu th
nh thu s c phng n x l nh mc s l cc sai st trong thi cng.
3.4. Cc cng tc b tng ct thp ca cc b phn ,chi tit.
3.4.1. Thi cng b tng mng :
Cng tc ct thp mng :
Cng tc ct thp mng, c tin hnh sau khi xong lp b tng lt mng, hnh dng, kch thc v
cu to ct thp ca mng c thi cng theo ng bn v thit k. C m k ct thp m bo
dy lp bo v ct thp. m k ct thp c c bng b tng vi kch thc 6x 6x3,5cm cho
mng v 5x5x3cm cho ging mng, m k ny c t dy thp lin kt vi ct thp.

H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

Cng tc gia cng ct thp c tin hnh ti cc xng gia cng, sau a xung lp dng ti hin trng. Trc khi lp ct thp mng ta phi xc nh chnh xc tim trc trn mt bng b tng lt
mng. Cng tc buc ct thp mng c dng li ch ct thp giao nhau dng dy thp 1mm
V tr ca ct thp ch ct c c nh vng chc nu khng khi b tng c th b x dch
gy kh khn cho vic ni ct thp ct, nh hng n cht lng cng trnh.
Cng tc vn khun mng :
Sau khi lp xong ct thp ta tin hnh dng vn khun mng. Vn khun mng gm c cc mng ghp
vi nhau, pha ngoi hp dng vng chng, cc g c nh li. Vn khun mng c dng l vn khun
g
Trnh t ghp vn khun mng nh sau :
* nh v y mng v tim mng bng my kinh v.
* Dng h vn thnh bng cch lin kt cc tm vn g li bng cch dng np g. Ta lp t di lp ln
* C nh h vn khun bng cc gng ai v thanh chng. Khi dng h vn khun xong l nghim
thu b tng.
Cng tc b tng mng :
Sau khi nghim thu ct thp, vn khun tin hnh b tng mng. B tng mng c trn theo mc
thit k v trn ti trm trn ca cng trng, sau vn chuyn n v tr bng th cng vo
mng mi lp da 20 - 30 cm sau tin hnh m. Lp sau v lp trc phi lin kt vi nhau trnh
phn tng. Sau khi b tng xong, b tng ng cng, ta tin hnh bo dng thng xuyn bng
cch ti nc, hai ngy sau khi b tng th tho vn khun v tip tc bo dng.
3.4.2. Cng tc b tng ct thp ct, dm, sn khu ph:
Gia cng ct thp :
H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

+ Ct ct thp : Ly mc ct ct thp cc thanh ring l th dng thc bng thp cun v nh du

bng phn. Dng thc di o, trnh dng thc ngn phng sai s tch lu khi o.
+ ct ct thp dng my ct, My ny thao tc n gin, dch chuyn d dng, nng sut tng i
cao.
+ Un ct thp : Vi cc thanh thp c ng knh nh dng vam v tht un un. Tht un c ng
inh c nh vo bn g d thi cng.
+ Thao tc : Khi un cc thanh thp phc tp ta cn phi un th. Trc tin phi ly du, lu dn di
cu ct thp. Khi un cn nh du ln bn un tu theo kch thc tng on ri cn c vo du
un.
+ i vi cc thanh c ng knh ln dng my un. N c mt thit b ch yu l mm un. Mm un
lm bng thp c, trn mm c l, l gia cm trc tm, l xung quanh cm trc un. Khi mm
quay trc tm v trc un u quay nh c th nn c thp.
t ct thp :
+ i vi ct thp ct : Ct thp c gia cng ti xng cgn trng, ct un theo ng hnh dng kch thc thit k. Xp t b tr theo tng chng loi thun tin cho thi cng. thi cng thun tin, qu
trnh buc ct thp phi tin hnh trc khi ghp vn khun. m bo khong cch cn thit cho cc
lp b tng bo v ct thp, dng cc ming m ci vo cc ct ai. Khong cch gia chng khong
1m.
+ i vi ct thp dm, sn : Vic t ct thp dm sn cn tin hnh xen k vi cng tc vn khun.
Sau khi t xong vn khun y dm, buc ct thp dm thnh khung ng vi yu cu thit k ,tin
hnh ghp ct pha thnh dm. Thp sn c a ln thnh tng b ng chiu di thit k v tin
hnh ghp buc ngay trn mt bng sn. Khi buc xong ct thp cn t cc ming k m bo

H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

chiu dy lp b tng bo v ct thp. m k c kch thc 50 x 50 x 20mm c dy thp lin kt. Trc khi thc hin cc cng tc ct thp phi nghim thu vn khun.

Cng tc vn khun ct dm sn :

- S dng h thng dn gio vn khun thp sn c ca Cng ty.

- Xp vn theo th t, theo b phn cng trnh v thi gian s dng tin ly khi dng n.
- B mt vn c lm sch trc khi lp dng, phng m bo ghp kn kht, nc xi mng khng chy ra
ngoi khi b tng.
- Vn dng li ln sau phi co sch b tng, bn, t c, sa cha cc h hng, bi cht chng dnh ln b
mt vn
- B mt phi sa cho tht phng th mi s dng.

Lp dng vn khun ct :
- Vn khun ct s dng l vn khun thp c kch thc ph hp vi kch thc mt ct, ghp li t nhiu
tm. i vi ct trn th ta dng hai tm bng na ng trn ghp li. Trng hp khng ph hp kch thc
th ghp cc tm thp hoc g vo nhng ch thiu.
- Phi t l ca thnh ct b tng, m bo chiu cao ri t do ca b tng khng v t qu
2,5m.
- Chn ct phi 1 l ca nh lm v sinh trc khi b tng .
- Vn khun ct c lp sau khi ghp ct thp ct. Lc u ghp 3 mt vn vi nhau, a vo v tr
mi ghp nt tm vn cn li.
- gi cho vn khun n nh, ta c nh chng bng dn gio, cc thanh ct chng xin v ging
chng tng iu chnh ct.Nh c cc chi tit thp t sn nn sn
- a vn khun ct vo ng v tr thit k cn thc hin theo cc bc sau :
H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

+ Xc nh tim ngang v dc ca ct, vch mt ct ca ct ln nn, ghim khung nh v

chn vn khun ct.
+ Dng 3 mt vn ghp li vi nhau vo v tr, ghp tm cn li, chng s b, di kim
tra tim v cnh, chng v neo k.
+ Kim tra li thng ng chun b b tng. Ta dng lun gng lm np cho vn
khun ct. Cc gng ny bao gm : hai thanh thp ch L c lin kt v cch nhau mt khong 3cm
bng mt tm m gia c hn vi hai thanh. Sau khi dng xong vn khun, ta bt u lp gng.
Hai thanh thp ch L c t i din nhau v m ly vn khun, chng c neo cht vi nhau bng 2
con bulng c ai c xit cht x qua khe gia hai thanh thp mp v hai thanh thp nh mt vng
m. T cc mc gi xc nh tim ct ta a vn khun chnh xc vo v tr cn lp t. Lp cc
gng gia c cho vn ct. iu chnh ct thng ng ta dng di v tng . Bn trn vn khun ct
ta c nh tm 4 thanh thp 10 theo 2 phng ca tit din ct. T mp ngoi vn khun ta o ra 1
on bng a ti y ta s buc qu ri. Tng c c nh 1 u vo gng u ct, 1 u c c
nh vo cc mc st ch sn di sn. Ti chn ct ta vch nhng ng thng cch chn ct mt
on bng a. Dng tng iu chnh sao cho qu ri ch ng ng ny l ct thng. Ta c nh
ct bng cc thanh chng n, mt u chng vo gng ct, mt u chng vo thanh g ngang ta
trn hai mc st t sn ch di sn. i vi cc ct bin, cn c bit ch h thng tng neo.
i vi phn dm sn :
Sau khi lp dng xong h gio ch A ca dm, lp h x g dc theo phng cnh dm. Sau lp
dng h x g ph bn trn h x g chnh. Cng dy xc nh tim dm. iu chnh cao ca
dm bng m, chn gio. t vn y dm, vn y dm c t ln h x g ph. Sau khi t thp

H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

dm ( thp dm t nhng con k m bo chiu dy lp bo v ) ta lp dng vn thnh. dng

thanh chng bng g vng chng,
Sau khi lp xong vn dm ta mi tin hnh lp vn sn.
Phi chng dng cc dm ( x g chnh v ph ).
Cc vn khun sn c lt kn trn dm .
Kim tra li thng bng cao trnh ca cp pha sn da vo my thu bnh.
Cc bc tin hnh: t h vn khun sn trn x g c t trn m gio. Sau khi iu chnh xong
cao ca h x g, ta t vn sn ln v y chng st vo vn dim. ta kim tra bng phng ca
vn bng thc nivo v iu chnh u gio. Khi tin hnh iu chnh xong ton b th bt u
t ct thp.
Cng tc b tng ct dm sn :
B tng s dng y l b tng trn ti cng trng. Khi tin hnh cng tc b tng s tun theo
cc yu cu chung nh sau :
+ B tng trn theo ng mc thit k, Nh thu b tr 02 my trn 350 lt di ng
+ Tin hnh b tng bng vn thng, xe ci tin c sn cng tc cho xe vo.
+ Khng c b tng ri t do qu 2,5m.
+ Chiu dy mi lp b tng phi m bo m thu sut lin kt cc lp b tng c chc.
+ B tng phi lin tc ti u m ngay ti . Khi cn dng, phi dng qu trnh b
tng nhng mch dng ng quy nh.
Trc khi phi tin hnh dn ra sch chn ct, nh sm b mt b tng c ri mi .Kim tra li
vn khun.
B tng ct
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Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

Do chiu cao ct ln hn 2,5m nn b tng qua ca b tng ch sn.

+B tng c m bng m di, chiu dy mi lp m t 20 - 40cm, m lp sau phi n xung lp
trc 5-10cm. Thi gian m ti mt v tr ph thuc vo my m, khong 30-40 giy.
Trong khi b tng c th g nh ln thnh vn khun tng nn cht ca b tng. b
tng ct b tr cc gio,sn cng tc cnh ct vi h lan can an ton.
B tng dm sn :
Sau khi nghim thu xong cppha th tin hnh v sinh sn bng my bm nc thi sch bi bn
dm sn mi tin hnh b tng.
Trc khi b tng sn cn phi nh du cc cao b tng ( c th bng cc mu st c
cao bng chiu dy sn, khi qua th rt b ) m bo chiu dy thit k ca sn.
Cng nh ct, khi lp b tng mi ln lp b tng c th phi nh sn, dn v sinh sch mt tip
xc gia hai lp, dng vi nc ra sch bi.
Khi b tng khng theo hng tin, b tng d b phn tng m nn t xa n gn lp sau p
ln lp trc trnh phn tng, t thp ln cao.
Khi cn thit phi dng qu trnh b tng phi dng ti nhng v tr quy nh, c lc ct v m
men nh. Mch ngng thng ng. (xem chi tit bn v thi cng).
Sau khi b tng xong, tin hnh bo dng b tng sau 2 - 5 gi bng cch ti nc gi m cho b
tng.
Ch c php i li trn b tng khi b tng t cng 50kg/cm2
3.4.3. Thi cng cu thang
Cppha gio cho cu thang:
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Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

u c s dng bng cppha v gio chuyn dng nh ni trn kt hp mt t tm g dn cho

nhng v tr c kch thc d hnh cc gc cnh. C 2 iu cn lu l: Cppha v gio chng u
ng trn mt nghing, cn phi nm cht chn chng vng chc, n nh v c h vng ngang
trn v di to cho gio chng bin thnh h gio khng gian 3 chiu tng tnh n nh ln rt cao.
- Thi cng b tng cu thang: Thi cng cu thang v c bn cng ging nh thi cng b tng dm sn m
nh thu trnh by. m bo tnh ton khi ca cng trnh, cc cu thang s c b tng
cng t vi dm sn ca cc tng.
3.4.4.Mch ngng thi cng trong cng tc thi cng b tng
Nh thu s b tr mch ngng thi cng nh sau:
- i vi ct, nh thu s mch ngng ti v tr cch y dm 50mm.
- i vi dm sn, cu thang thng nh thu quyt nh chn gii php thi cng lin tc khng mch
ngng thi cng trn sn nhm m bo tnh ton khi cho dm, sn.
- p ng khi lng thi cng, nh thu c nhiu my trn b tng cnh cng trnh vi y cc,
xe vn chuyn ,xe cu b tng c th phc v lin tc sut ngy m, i vi cng nhn nh thu s b
tr lao ng theo ca thi cng lin tc cho n khi b tng xong tng sn.
- Trong trng hp khng th thi cng lin tc nh thi tit xu . . . th nh thu s b tr mch ngng thi
cng theo quy nh, quy phm ca b tng.
- Trc khi thi cng b tng tip th mch ngng phi c c nhm k v dng my nn kh thi
sch, sau ti nc xi mng ln b mt tip gip gia 2 lp mi v c m bo tnh lin kt ton
khi ca b tng.
4. cng tc xy gch
4.1. Vt liu :
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Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

Gch xy : Gch mc>= 75# loi A, dng loi gch c my vi y cc chng ch, chng nhn
kt qu th nghim cht lng. Vi mi l gch u c s kim tra, nghim thu cht lng trc khi c a
vo s dng xy.
Va xy : Va XM mc 50#. Va xy s c c mu th nghim trc khi c s dng cho ton cng
trng vi s gim st v xc nhn ca bn A.

Va s c ong o v trn bng my, thi gian trn khng nh hn 2 pht.v khng c php s

dng sau khi trn qu 30pht.

4.2.Bin php thi cng :
Gch xy c nhng t trong nc sch trc khi xy. cc mt tip xc c ti nc lm sch .
Tng xy ,mch va phi y bng phng mch va khng ln hn 10mm, khng m nanh,m hc,
hng gch xy phi ngang bng, thng ng. Tng gch phi bo v, trong qu trnh xy khi xy b
kh nhanh s khng c php, khi xy phi c bo dng mi trng m t, cc l ch sn s c lp
t trong qu trnh xy tng.
Phn on v phn t ( vi chiu cao mi t 2m ) thi cng v xy theo gian, trc mng.
t gch xy 3 dc 1 ngang, cng dy c hai mt ( i vi khi xy c chiu dy 220 ). Mch xy
phi no va vi chiu dy mch ngang 15mm, mch ng 10mm. Hng gch trn nh tng, gip y
dm, ging c va nghing,
Trong qu trnh xy, thng xuyn dng thc tm v di kim tra thng ng ca khi xy.
m bo cht lng ng nht ca khi xy, va s c trn bng my trn v vn chuyn ti v
tr thi cng bng vn thng v xe ct kt. S dng h dn gio , sn cng tc chuyn dng phc v cng
tc xy.

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Lin kt vo ct b tng nh thu s thp ch d8 ct hoc tin thi cng nh thu s khoan
l cm thp d8 lin kt vi ct sau ny.
5.Cng tc hon thin :
5.1.Khi qut chung
Tt c phn hon thin pha trong nh cc vt liu cho tng, nn, trn theo ch dn ca h s mi
thu,
Tt c cng vic hon thin s c thc hin bi cng nhn c tay ngh cao.
Trc khi bt u cng vic nh thu s trnh ln Ban qun l d n duyt cc kiu hon thin
Nh thu tun theo iu kin lm vic nh l nhit , m phi theo yu cu ca sn phm hon
thin.
Trc khi hon thinNh thu s thc hin cc vic sau y:
- Kim tra v chn kn cc khe ca cc b phn kt cu cng trnh.
- Thi cng cc lp chng thm khu WC chng m chn tng.
- Thi cng cc lp lt di sn nh.
- Thi cng cc h thng ngm ng nc, ng in, in thoi.
5.2. Cng tc trt:
- Trc khi tin hnh thi cng, ton b b mt d nh trt s c x l nh c b cc vy va, cc phn
b tng l ra khi mt phng chung ca tng v trn, sau
ra sch bng vi phun nc p lc. Cc v tr b lm vo, c chiu dy lp trt > 3cm s c ng li
mt 10x10 bng inh b tng, sau trt vy bng va xi mng ct vng mc 100# trc khi trt lp o.

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- S dng my trc c kt hp di v thc tm p mt h mc trt bng va xi mng vi li l

1,5m x 1,5m. H mc trt ny s c kim tra v nghim thu vi bn A trc khi trt. S dng bn t lt
lm nhn, mt trt.
Trc khi trt th phi ti nc vo tng. Trt xong th phi bo dng t nht trong vng 24 gi v s che
y chng li thi tit nng.
Nu nh tng p gch th lp trt nn phi c lm nhm sau khi trt to bm dnh cho lp hon
thin.
B mt hon thin phi phng, khng nt, cng, sai s cho php 0.5% theo chiu ng v
0.8% theo chiu ngang.
5.3. Cng tc p, lt:
a. Cng tc p :
Cng tc p gch men knh tng khu ph s dng vt liu l gch men knh.
Trc khi bt u cng vic, b mt trt phi c lm phng v v sinh sch, sa li cc vt trt ny
m bo vung gc cc mt trt vi nhau v gia chng vi mt ngang chun. Dng my trc c
nh ct p ln tt c cc mt tng cng phng ng chun. Sau khi p xong mt p phi phng mch
thng u, khng bong,bp.
b.Cng tc lt nn :
Vi c im kin trc ca cng trnh, vi din tch ln, lin hon, cng tc lt nn phi m bo
phng, ng u v mu sc, khng c c hin tng nhay mch lt gia cc phng, hnh lang
gch lt phi thng mch nhau.

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Cng tc lt c tin hnh vi loi gch c Ch u t ph duyt v la chon. Sau khi x l b

mt lt bng va lng lt vi ct khng ch c chuyn ln tng v ct m bo phng ca
mt lt.
Dng my trc c vch tim ca tt c ct, tng, lan can xc nh cc gc vung chun cho
ton b sn. Tin hnh bt m ti cc gc vung chun, lt cc hng chun 3 pha . m bo mch
lt nh, u v vung gc vi nhau, trang b my ct gch chuyn dng s l cc vin ht. Ring nn
cc khu v sinh s c chng thm v lng to dc v ga thu nc trc khi tin hnh lt vi cch thc tng t.
Cng tc ny s c tin hnh theo tng khu vc. Sau khi lt, cc khu vc ny s c ro chn bo
v mt lt, khi va cha ng cng.
5.5. Cng tc b matt sn tng :
Cng tc ny c tin hnh sau khi lp trt hon ton kh v c nghim thu. Trc khi b,
dng giy nhp th nh nhn mt trt, lau sch bi bn ri tin hnh b thnh 3 lt, sau mi lt b u
nh nhn bng giy nhp mn. Sau khi mt b kh , tin hnh sn lt.
B mt sn phi ng u khng b li v phi kh ro theo yu cu cng ngh sn.
Du m trn b mt cu kin s c sn phi c lm sch.
Lm sch bi bn v tp cht ra khib mt tng bng bn chi hoc my nn kh.
Cc l rng, vt nt v nhng ch lm phi c trm y.
Trong qu trnh sn nhit khng kh b mt c sn ph v sn phi trong khong 12350C.
Lp sn o ngoi cng c thi cng cui cng, sau khi kt thc cc cng vic mc, in, lt .....
6. Cng tc gia cng lp dng ca

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6.1.Vt liu:
Ca c thit k cho cng trnh l loi ca g nhm II .Kch thc, chng loi phi m bo theo thit
k. Dng g kh trnh co ngt cong vnh.
Ca v khun ca c gia cng ti xng bng my mc chuyn dng, nguyn liu v thnh phm u
phi c kim tra v nghim thu k thut vi bn A.
6.2. Bin php lp dng
Dng my trc c xc nh v tr chnh xc ca khun ca m bo ca v khun ca trong
tng khu vc (v d dc theo hnh lang hay trn ton b tng chu vi) cng nh ton cng trnh nm
ng v tr nh thit k.
Cn c vo v tr trn xc nh cc im cn to hc chn bt thp lin kt khun vo t ng. Cc
hc ny phi rng, su v phi c v sinh sch trc khi a khun vo.
Khun ca trc khi a vo v tr c ging tm v dn bng keo trn ton b b mt trnh
chuyn v, try xc trong qu trnh thi cng.
Trong khi lp khun, s dng trc c kt hp di v niv a ca vo ng v tr mt phng
vung gc vi mt ngang chun. C nh tm khun bng cc thanh vng chng, chn k cc hc chn
bt bng b tng si nh hoc va xi mng ct vng.
Cnh ca s c lp sau khi cc cng tc hon thin khc trong phng hon tt.
7. Cng tc thi cng in, chng st
7.1. Yu cu chung :
Trc khi bt u cng vic nh thu s chun b v trnh phng n, chi tit cho t vn. Ch cng
trnh, tt c vt liu s dng phi c Ch cng trnh ph duyt
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Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

Kt hp vi tin thi cng phn xy dng tin hnh thi cng, lp t cc ng ng thit b
in ph hp vi tin chung.
7.2. Bin php k thut
- Trnh t thi cng : trong lp t in khi c mt bng thi cng, ph hp vi tin ca cc
cng vic khc. Tt c cc phn ngm , sau ko cp v cui cng th lp t, bng v thit b in
khc ph hp vi cng vic chung ca cng trnh.
- Cng tc lp t ng lun cp ngm :
Tt c nhng ng bo h cp i ngm trong b tng phi c lp t ng thi vi khi b tng,
cn nhng ng khc t ngm trong tng th phi ct c gch ghim ng trc khi trt hon thin.
Nhng ng i ni: nh v ng trn tng, trn trn hay trn sn bng kp ng, ai m . . . , t
nhng hp dy, hp phn nhnh nhng v tr theo thit k.
* Cng tc ko dy lun cp:
Chn s lng dy i trong cng mt ng chp tt c cc u cp buc vo u dy ch v tin
hnh rt cp. Khi cp c lun vo trong ng, cc u cha ca cp phi c nh du, nh s v
qun bng dnh bo v trnh m t gy r, chp in.
* Cng tc lp t t in :
- Trn b b tng c sn, tin hnh ly du theo kch thc t, chn bu lng neo. Chuyn t da vo v tr
cn chnh t cho thng gc xit cht cc bulng chn cho t c nh v chc chn. Tt c cc
thit b in phi c kim tra,th nghim trc khi a vo lp t di s hng dn ca nh sn xut.
- Lp t cc thit b khc : tt c cc thit b c lp trn tng, trn v cc sn phi c nh v,
treo mt cch chc chn bng vt n, bu lng neo. . .

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- Cng tc th nghim: sau khi h thng c lp t xong, phi tin hnh th nghim. u tin th
ngui: cha ng in, tin hnh o cc pha kim tra chng on mch, kim tra cch in ca
cc thit b . . . Sau ng in v tin hnh vn hnh th cc thit b.
8. Cng tc thi cng lp t phn cp thot nc
8.1. Yu cu chung
Vic lp t ng ng cp v thot nc ca cng trnh theo tiu chun cht lng TCVN 4519-98.
Trong qu trnh thi cng phn th, nh thu lun b tr 1 k s chuyn ngnh v cp thot nc c kinh
nghim thi cng kt hp vi vic xy dng cc tng t ng ng ch cho cc ng cp, ng
thot theo bn v k thut ch nh.
Tt c vt liu s dng phi c cn b gim st ca ch u t ph duyt
8.2. Bin php lp t
- ng ng vo cc thit b c i ngm trong tng ni vi ng cp trc chnh t b mi cp xung
trong hp k thut.
- ng ng cp ln b cha trn mi c a ln t ng bm ht ca b nc ngm t tng 1.
- ng ng thot nc c tch ra lm 2 ng: thot nc sinh hot v thot nc ma. Thot nc sinh hot c
thu t cc khu v sinh nam, n cc tng dn theo ng ng PVC v ga thot nc trong ca b pht,
sau dn ra ng ng thot nc trong ton nh v cng thot. Thot nc ma c thu t cc sn
trn mi dn v h thng thot nc mt ca sn ng ton nh, sau ra h thng thot ca khu
vc.
- Tt c cc ng cp v thot nc c ni lin kt bng ren (ni vi ng thp) v keo dn (i vi ng
nha) theo ng quy phm ni ng nh bc ren, sn, ay v keo dn ng PVC.

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Khong cch lp t ng ng ch lp thit b c thi cng theo kch thc ph hp ng vi

chng loi thit b v ct lp t.
Nh thu s cung cp vt t ng chng loi nh h s mi thu ghi r. Trong qu trnh thi cng cn
b k thut cng trng hng dn, kim tra cng vic lp t h thng cp thot v cc thit b v
sinh, bm cp . . .
Cn b k thut cng trng v cn b gim st tin hnh kim tra v nghim thu tng vic, tng giai
on, tng h thng. Trc khi nghim thu bn giao nh thu tin hnh th nghim p lc ca cc ng
ng cp, x nc. Kim tra ng ng v cc thit b k c vic chng thm cc h thu, thot nc sn cc
khu WC, thot nc mi.

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c- bin php Atl, an ninh trt t,v sinh mi trng,v phng chng chy n
i. cng tc an ton lao ng, v sinh lao ng v bo him lao ng :
1. Cng tc an ton chung trn cng trng.
- T chc cho CBCN ton Cng trng nm vng ni dung chng IX ca B lut Lao ng ni v An ton
lao ng v v sinh lao ng, cc Thng t, Ch th ca Nh nc v cc Ngnh v cng tc Bo h lao
ng.
- Thnh lp Ban An ton c s v Ch nhim Cng trnh l Trng Ban, cn b an ton l thng trc, cn
b k thut, cn b Cng on v cc T trng l cc thnh vin.
- T chc mng li An ton vin v v sinh vin cc T kim tra, nhc nh mi ngi chp hnh ni
qui An ton, v sinh lao ng, phng chng chy n v v sinh Mi trng.
- Thc hin ch t kim tra v chu s kim tra nh k ca Ban Thanh tra Cng ty v c quan
Thanh tra BHL cp trn.
- Lp bin php ATL v VSL, c d tr kinh ph mua sm trang thit b BHL c Gim c duyt
Cng trng thc hin.
- Lp bin php K thut v An ton cho tng cng vic. Hng ngy trong s giao vic c ghi r Bin
php thi cng v bin php An ton, cn b K thut giao cho tng T trng hoc ngi cng nhn. C
k xc nhn chu trch nhim thc hin.

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- Cng trng mua sm y trang thit b BHL pht cho cng nhn s dng.
- Phng tin thi cng c trang b u nh dn gio thp, cp pha tn, sn cng tc v trc khi s dng c kim tra an ton v nghim thu cho php s dng.
- Cc thit b, my c yu cu nghim ngt v an ton nh: vn thng, Cn cu.. c kim nh v c
giy php s dng an ton do Thanh tra An ton Nh nc cp. Mi my c ni qui an ton vn hnh ring.
- H thng dn gio bn ngoi c li an ton v c bt vi da che chn.
- Trm trn b tng, ch ngi ca th vn hnh my Vn thng, nhng ch hnh lang, ca qua li thi cng
c mi che chn vt ri.
- Nhng ch nguy him nh cu thang, hnh lang bn ngoi, cc ca thang my, nhng ch cha c tng
bao c lm lan can bo v.
- Cc thit b c in c trang b an ton in v tip in tt, h thng in c kim tra cch
in mt cch thng xuyn.
- m bo nh sng lm vic ban m v nhng ch ban ngy khng nh sng.
- t mt s bnh cu ho nhng ni c th xy ra ho hon (Kho, xng, sn, cch nhit, vt liu
nha..)
- Cng trng c bng ni qui an ton v cc khu hiu, tranh p phc tuyn truyn, nhc nh mi ngi
phng Tai nn lao ng, chy n..
- Thc hin ch pht nhng trng hp vi phm qui nh v AT v VSL nh: lm vic trn cao (t 2
mt tr ln) khng eo dy an ton, khng i m an ton, khng i giy phng h, ung ru trong khi
lm vic, t tin vn hnh my, t tin tho d nhng che chn bo v v cc vi phm khc.
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- Trm y t Cng trng thng xuyn c y t trc cp cu v pht thuc thng thng cho CBCN. Ngoi
trang b thuc men, dng c bng b cp cu, nn c cc phc cp cu nn nhn b in dt, gy x ng..
- Mi ngi lm vic trn Cng trng u c Hp ng lao ng, Th an ton v giy chng nhn sc
kho.
Ph bin quy tc an ton lao ng n mi ngi tham gia trong cng trng xy dng.
Thc hin y cc bin php an ton thi cng cho my mc v cng nhn trong cng tr ng, nht l
cung cp cc thit b bo h lao ng cho ngi cng nhn.
Trong tt c cc giai on thi cng cn phi theo di cht ch vic thc hin cc iu l quy tc k
thut an ton.
Mi ngi lm vic trn cng trng phi chp hnh y nghim tc cc quy nh v ATL v v sinh
cng trng.
Mi ngi lm vic, i li trn cng trng phi i m an ton.
Mi ngi lm vic, i li trn cng trng phi do CBKT hng dn khng n nhng ni khng c trch
nhim c phn cng.
Khi xy ra tai nn lao ng phi kp thi cp cu ng b nn v bo cho ngi c trch nhim, CBKT,
i trng, ch nhim cng trnh v cn b an ton c quan x l.
Mi ngi lm vic trn cng trng khng c ung ru bia, cc cht cn, cht kch thch trc v trong khi
lm vic.
2.Bin php an ton c th cho tng cng vic nh sau:
2.1.Bin php an ton thi cng mng :

H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

Hng dn cng nhn tng thao tc c th, c chnh xc cao. Cng nhn bt buc phi c bo h lao
ng nh : gng tay, m, ng.
Khi o t th cng cng nhn phi c trang b bo h lao ng y ( ng, m ....).
Vi cc h mng su bt buc phi o taluy hoc lm k trnh sp h mng.
Cc my o phi ng cch mp h mng 1,5m - 2m.
Khi b tng i mng phi bc cu ( sn cng tc ) cho cng nhn m. tuyt i khng
cng nhn ng ln thp i mng lm vic v nh vy rt nguy him.
t vn chuyn t ra ngoi phi c ng tm.
2.2.Bin php an ton thi cng b tng ct thp :
Cc b phn vn khun tm ln, cng nh cc hp vn khun ct, dm, sn, Cc b phn ca chng
phi lin kt vi nhau chc chn. Vic lp cc tm vn khun ct, dm v x g phi tin hnh t trn
sn cng tc hoc trn dn gio, sn cng tc phi c thnh chn bo v
Tho vn khun v dn gio chng gi vn khun ch c php khi c s ng ca cn b ch
o thi cng. Tho dn gio vn khun ca cc kt cu b tng ct thp phc tp phi tin hnh theo
cch thc v trnh t ra trong thit k thi cng.
Cc l cha trn sn b tng ct thp b tng sau khi tho vn khun phi che y,ro
chn..
Trc khi b tng, cn b thi cng phi kim tra s chnh xc v chc chn ca vn khun
t, dn gio chng v sn cng tc. Khi b tng trn cao hn 1,5m sn cng tc phi c
thnh chn bo v.
Nhng v tr ang thi cng cn phi c ro chn bo v
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Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

2.3. Bin php an ton ca cng tc hon thin :

Dn gio hon thin phi c lan can cao t nht l 1m, vn lm lan can phi ng vo pha trong.
tm vn chn di cng phi c b rng t nht l 15cm.
m bo khng xp qu ti vt liu ln sn v ln dn gio cn phi c cc bng quy nh gii
hn v s b tr vt liu . . . Cc l ca s cha lp khung phi c che chn.
Nu cng tc xy c tin hnh t dn gio trong th cn t lp bo v dc tng theo chu vi
nh.
Trong thi gian xy v khi xy xong phi thu dn tt c cc gch va tha, dng c v cc th khc
.
Khi lm vic bn ngoi tng nhng v tr cao cng nhn lm vic phi eo dy an ton. Cc
mng tng nh ra khi mt tng 30cm phi xy t dn gio pha ngoi.
Vic lin kt cc chi tit c sn vi tng xy phi tin hnh chnh xc v thn trng. Phi kp
thi xy tng ln gi thng bng.
Cm mi ngi qua li ni ang thi cng lp ghp.
2.4 An ton trong cng tc xp t nguyn vt liu, cu kin, thit b
- Cc vt liu d chy phi bo qun trong kho ring theo ng quy nh phng chy hin hnh.
- Khi sp xp vt liu ln cc b ho, h su phi tnh ton trnh st l h gy tai nn.
- Cc tm lp, tm mi xp thnh chng khng qu 1m k c chiu dy lp lt.
2.5. An ton trong cng tc s dng dn gio, gi
- Cm s dng dn gio, gi , ni thang khng ng chc nng ca n.
- Khi khng m bo an ton v bn, tnh n nh, neo buc th khng c s dng dn gio.
- Khi dn gio cao hn 6m phi lm t nht 2 sn cng tc.
H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

- Khi dn gio cao hn 12 m th phi lm cu thang chim hn mt khoang dn gio.

- Vn sn cng tc phi c chiu dy 3cm khng b mt, nt gy.
- u vn gc qua thanh 20cm, phi i neo cht vo thanh bng dy thp hoc inh. Cc tm
vn phi lin kt np bn di gi vn khi chy.
- Khi tho d vn phi c ro ngn hoc bin cm ngi v phng tin qua li.
- Khng nm rc t trn cao xung.
- Khng i lp dng, tho d hoc lm vic trn dn gio khi tri ma to, ging bo hoc gi cp 5 tr ln.
- Khi thi cng t tng 2 tr ln phi c li an ton cng xung quanh cng trnh.
3. Cng tc Bo him:
- Mua bo him y t v bo him x hi cho ngi lao ng.
- Mua bo him ri ro v xy lp v bo him trch nhim dn s i vi bn th ba.
- Mua bo him xe my.
4 . V sinh cng nghip
- Sp xp gn gng mi th theo ng tng mt bng thi cng . Cui mi ngy phi dn dp ti ch,
cui mi tun lm tng v sinh cng trng.
- Ph liu, ph phm c thu gom v chuyn i theo phng php kn khng gy bi bm, ting n.
- B tr cu ra xe ti cng cng trnh v h thng thot nc mt trn ton cng trnh. Nc thi trc khi
thi ra ngoi phi qua h thng ga lng bn.
II/ Bin php an ninh, an ton, v sinh mi trng v phng chng chy n :
1. Bo v mi trng:
H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

- Cng trnh c xy ngay trong khu vc ang c cc cng trnh khc hot ng v khu dn c do vy
cn c bit ch n vic bo v mi trng xung quanh, khng gy nh hng v bi, ting n. Mi
xe vn chuyn vt liu phi c bt che v vn chuyn ngoi gi cao im.Vic qut dn mt ng
xung quanh cng trnh phi c thc hin thng xuyn.
- Phi c bt v li chn bi trong qu trnh thi cng. B tr cc thng rc trn cng trng. Lm cc ng x
rc bng cc thng phi ghp li rc t cc tng trn cao vo ng v tr quy nh.
- Vo cui bui lm vic tt c mi cng nhn u phi dn v sinh sch s v tr lm vic ca mnh.
2. Phng chng chy n
- C cc bng hiu, bin bo ti nhng khu vc d gy chy n v nghim cm cng nhn ht thuc ti
nhng khu vc ny.
- Nhng my mc dng in phi c kim tra dy dn....trc khi vn hnh trnh hin tng chp chy
in.
- Trang b y cc phng tin dng c cu ho nh ; bnh kh CO2, b nc, b ct trong cng trng.
- C li ra vo v ngun nc cho xe cu ho khi cn.
- C phng n thot ngi v cu ti sn khi c s c.
3. Bin php an ninh cho cng trng :
- Lp hng ro tm bng li B40 c che bt bao quanh khu vc cng trnh.
- i ng bo v trc 24/24 gi.
- B tr h thng chiu sng y vo bui ti.
- Qun l cht ch s lng ngi ra vo cng trng trong mi ngy lm vic. Cng nhn lm vic phi
eo th ra vo cng do Nh thu pht ( c nh v ghi r h tn ), i m bo h.

H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

- Nh thu s qun trit cho ngi ca mnh v cng vic trt t an ninh trong cng trng v trong khu
vc. Nh thu s c nhng bin php hu hiu, nghim khc ph bin v giao trch nhim cho cn b
lnh o qun l cng trng n tt tt c cn b cng nhn tham gia thi cng.
- Nh thu ch ng lin h vi cc c quan hu trch ca a phng lm th tc h khu, m s
sch theo di tm tr tm vng nu c, bn thng nht k hoch v bin php h tr khi c s c trong
cng trng v khu vc.
-

m bo an ton cho ngi, ti sn ca Ch cng trnh, gi gn mi quan h tt vi nhn dn a

phng, chp hnh mi ni quy, quy nh v an ninh trt t tr an ... trong cng trng trn c s ch
o thng nht ca Ch cng trnh.

4. Bo v ti sn cho bn th ba:
Khi thi cng nh thu c trch nhim bo v ti sn cho bn th ba, thc hin cc bin php sau:
- Ph bin ni quy: Cm cng nhn khng c nhim v xm phm ranh gii lm vic v ti sn ca bn
th ba. Nu vi phm s b ui vic v pht tin.
- Khi thi cng nu c kh nng nh hng ti bn th ba th Cn b k thut phi ra bin php
phng v thng bo cho bn th ba bit.
- Nu v trng hp bt kh khng gy thit hi ti bn th ba th nh thu s ngay lp tc m phn
bi thng n b.
- Nh thu s mua bo him trch nhim dn s i vi bn th ba khi bt u thi cng.

H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

D/ Bin php kim tra,m bo cht lng

Nh trn chng ti xc nh y l mt cng trnh quan trng. V vy bng mi kh nng ca
mnh chng ti xc nh xy dng cng trnh ny vi cht lng cao nht. Yu t t c l tng
hp ca nhiu yu t hp thnh bao gm con ngi, vt t, my mc thit b xy dng, bin php k thut
v p dng cc tin b khoa hc k thut trong thi cng.
1/ S dng nhn lc:
Cn b, cng nhn c la chn c phm cht t cch o c tt, c tinh thn trch nhim v tay
ngh cao.
T chc tt cng tc n , sinh hot trn cng trng. m bo cng nhn c sc kho v tinh thn.
iu ng hp l theo tin thi cng, khng cng nhn phi ch vic. m bo mc l ng thu
nhp .
H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

2 / S dng vt t :
Mi vt t a vo s dng cho cng trnh phi ng chng loi, quy cch v cht lng .
Nhng vt t ch yu nh xi mng, thp, gch xy, ct, v.v. trc khi a vo s dng u phi qua
th nghim v cc ch tiu nn, ko, sch, cp phi ht v.v. Cc ch tiu ny phi t tiu chun cho
php mi c s dng .
Tiu chun p dng kim tra theo TCVN nh nu mc trn.
3/ Bin php qun l v kim tra cht lng trn cng trng:
+ Thit lp h thng qun l cht lng ( KCS ) t ban ch huy ti cc i, t sn xut.
a/ Kim tra tim, ct, cht lng cp pha, ct thp :
- Trc khi b tng chng ti tin hnh kim tra nh v tim, ct, kim tra chng loi, s lng, v tr
lp t ca ct thp. Kim tra kch thc thng thu, n nh, kn kht ca cp pha .v.v. tt c
cc thng s kim tra trn s c so snh vi thit k v cc ch tiu k thut cho php mi tin hnh
nghim thu b tng .
b/ Kim tra cht lng b tng ti ch :
Ti cng trng Nh thu chun b y dng c, khun mu th st b tng, s lng khun
mu lp phng 150 x 150 x 150mm. C 10 m3 s c ly 3 mu th nghim, cc vin mu s c nn
th cng sau thi gian bo dng 7 ngy, 14 ngy v 28 ngy. Mu c dng h v bo qun ti kho
ca cng trng.
Trong sut qu trnh chng ti thng xuyn theo di n nh ca ct pha, ct thp, iu
phi m v b tng m bo lin tc khng b gin on, phn tng, phn lp. ng tim, ct
thit k .
H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

B tng xong tuyt i trnh mi va p, tu theo thi tit s c bo dng bng ti nc b mt

m bo m thng xuyn trong thi gian 7 ngy.
-

B tng t cng ti thiu 70% mi tho cp pha. Trng hp b mt b tng b gi nh th dng

va XM mc cao trt trt li. Nu b r nng phi dng bm p lc cao hoc xin kin s l ca thit
k .
- Cc mu th nghim nn b tng, ko thp v vt liu khc u c thc hin ti trung tm th
nghim ca vin KHKT-XD, hoc mt c s th nghim no nu ch u t yu cu.
- Quan st pht hin cc vt nt, r v dng thc thp kim tra kch thc hnh hc ca sn phm
hon thnh .v.v..
+ Nh thu s ghi nht k cho tt c cc cng vic nh o t, b tng lt, cng tc cp pha, ct thp,
b tng .v.v. Nht k miu t cng vic, a im, kch thc, dung sai, khi lng cng vic hon
thnh v cc s liu ph khc c lin quan.
c/ Kim tra cht lng cng tc hon thin
Da vo h s thit k k thut, tiu chun thi cng nghim thu TCVN 5674-1992 i vi tng cng
vic c th kim tra, nghim thu cht lng cng tc hon thin.
- Kim tra cht lng, quy cch vt liu trc khi a vo s dng.
- Kim tra v mt phng, v kch thc hnh hc .
- Kim tra mu sc, m quan b mt hon thin v.v.
4/ Nghim thu k thut
Nh thu cng k s gim st tin hnh nghim thu k thut theo cc giai on sau:
- Hon thnh cng tc nh v, gic mng cng trnh
- Nghim thu cng tc t
H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

- Nghim thu cp pha, ct thp trc khi tin hnh b tng mng, ct, dm sn theo tng giai on .
- Nghim thu b tng
- Nghim thu phn xy th
- Nghim thu phn hon thin ( trt, lt, p, lp t ca, lm trn .v.v. )
- Th ti, nghim thu phn lp t thit b k thut ( in, nc, thng tin, cu ho v.v. )
- Tng nghim thu bn giao cng trnh.
Cc vn bn nghim thu ny c lu gi trong h s bn giao cng trnh lm c s cho vic thanh
quyt ton theo tng giai on v ton b cng trnh .
5/Thc hin ng quy trnh k thut v bin php thi cng c ph duyt
Ngoi bin php, tin thi cng chng ti trnh trong h s thu ny nu trng thu
chng ti phi trin khai bin php, tin chi tit cho tng cng vic. Ngoi ra ban ch huy cng trng t chc giao ban thng xuyn (sau mi bui lm vic, sau 1 tun ) c rt kinh nghim, iu
cng vic nhm m bo cht lng cao nht v ng tin thi cng cng trnh .
6/ Kim tra ln v nh hng ca cc cng trnh ln cn
Thit b kim tra ln, h hi cc cng trnh ln cn s c cung cp kim tra trc v trong
qu trnh thi cng cng trnh.
Trc khi thi cng nh thu tin hnh kho st hin trng cc cng trnh ln cn, mi h hi nh ln,
nt ...s c ghi nhn li bng nh, camera. Nh thu s chn mt v tr thch hp truyn ct chun
ca cng trnh ly lm cn c thi cng v theo di ln ca cc cng trnh ln cn. Vi bin
php thi cng trn chng ti m bo rng khng c s c ng tic no sy ra.
7/ p dng tin b khoa hc k thut thi cng cng trnh

H s d thu:

Thuyt minh bin php thi cng

Nh thu s p dng tin b khoa hc k thut thi cng cng trnh nh vic a cc my mc thit
b hin i v cng ngh hin i vo xy dng cng trnh l:
-

My trn b tng,cc loi my m b tng tin tin.

Cc loi my ct,my un thp hin i thi cng ct thp.

Trang b cc dng c cm tay nh my ct gch,my bo g,my khoan...rt gn nh v hiu qu

cao.

Qun l,t chc khoa hc cc t i chuyn c tay ngh cao.

Kt lun
Trn y l ton b nhng bin php k thut v t chc thi cng c bn nht m Nh thu d kin
p dng trong qa trnh thi cng cng trnh. Vi trnh chuynmn v kinh nghim ca cn b k
thut, vi tay ngh cao ca cng nhn, vi nhng trang thit b hin i v kh nng hon thnh cng
vic c kim nghim qua cc d n trong nhiu nm qua. Chng ti khng nh rng nu c Hi
ng xt duyt la chn , Cng ty chng ti s hon thnh v bn giao cho Ch cng trnh mt cng
trnh m bo v cht lng, c tnh m thut cao v ng tin .

H s d thu: