Name: RASHED HUSSAIN

Date:
22/10/2015

Experiment 173 The rate of hydrolysis

of 2-methyl -2-chloropropane
Insert tables (from your Excel data) with the following column headings:
Time/s

[H+]/mol dm-3

pH

[t-BuCl]/mol dm-3

Room Temperature Data

Time/
S
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85

PH
7.8
1
7.7
7
7.5
7
7.4
2
7.1
6
6.7
8
6.5
2
6.2
2
5.8
1
5.5
3
5.2
1
4.8
2
4.5
8
4.2
1
4.0
1
3.8
9
3.8
6
3.2

[H+]/mol
dm-3
1.54*10
8
1.69*10
8
2.69*10
8
3.8*108

[t-BuCl]/mol
dm-3
0.019399985

6.91*10
8
1.65*10
7
3.01*10
7
6.02*10
7
1.54*10
6
2.95*10
6
6.16*10
6
1.51*10
5
2.63*10
5
6.16*10
5
9.77*10
5
1.28*10
4
1.38*10
4
5.37*10

0.019399931

40 C Data
PH

[H+]/mol
dm-3

[t-BuCl]/mol
dm-3

7.01

9.77*108

0.081199902

1*10-6

0.081199

10

6.14

7.24*107

0.081199276

15

5.41

3.89*106

0.08119611

20

4.54

2.88*105

0.0811712

25

3.37

4.26*104

0.080774

30

3.21

6.16*104

0.080584

35

2.91

1.23*103

0.07997

40

2.78

1.65*103

0.07955

45

2.64

2.29*103

0.07891

50

2.52

3.01*103

0.07819

55

2.42

3.8*103

0.0774

60

2.35

4.46*103

0.07674

65

2.31

4.89*103

0.07631

70

2.26

5.49*103

0.07571

75

2.22

6.02*103

0.07518

80
85

2.19
2.16

6.45*10-3
6.91*103

0.07475
0.07429

Time/
S

0.019399983
0.019399973
0.019399962

0.019399835
0.019399699
0.019399398
0.01939846
0.01939705
0.01939384
0.0193849
0.0193737
0.0193384
0.0193023
0.019272
0.019262
0.018863

University of Leicester | Experiment 173 Pro forma

90
95
100
105
110
115
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
310
330

7
3.2
5
3.2
2
3.1
9
3.1
6
3.1
4
3.1
1
3.0
8
3.0
4
3
2.9
6
2.9
2.8
6
2.8
4
2.8
2.7
7
2.7
4
2.7
1
2.6
9
2.6
7
2.6
5
2.6
3
2.6
2.5
8
2.5
7
2.5
5
2.5
1

4
5.62*10
4
6.02*10
4
6.45*10
4
6.91*10
4
7.24*10
4
7.76*10
4
8.31*10
4
9.12*10
4
1*103
1.09*10
3
1.25*10
3
1.38*10
3
1.44*10
3
1.58*10
3
1.69*10
3
1.81*10
3
1.94*10
3
2.04*10
3
2.13*10
3
2.23*10
3
2.34*10
3
2.5*103
2.63*10
3
2.69*10
3
2.81*10
3
3.09*10
3

0.018838
90

2.12

7.58*103

0.07362

95

2.08

8.31*103

0.07289

100

2.04

9.12*103

0.07208

105

0.01

0.0712

110

1.97

10.7*103

0.0705

115

1.94

11.4*103

0.0698

120

1.92

12*103

0.0692

130
140

1.89
1.87

12.8*103
13.4*103

0.0684
0.0678

150

1.85

14.1*103

0.0671

160

1.83

14.7*103

0.0665

170

1.81

15.4*103

0.0658

180

1.77

16.9*103

0.0643

190

1.75

17.7*103

0.0635

200

1.66

21.8*103

0.0594

210

1.63

23.4*103

0.0578

220

1.61

24.5*103

0.0567

230

1.58

26.3*103

0.0549

240

1.57

26.9*103

0.0543

250

1.55

28.1*103

0.0531

260
270

1.53
1.51

29.5*103
30.9*103

0.0517
0.0503

280

1.51

30.9*103

0.0503

290

1.47

33.8*103

0.0474

310

1.43

37.1*103

0.0441

330

1.41

38.9*103

0.0423

0.018798
0.018755
0.018709
0.018676
0.018624
0.018569
0.018488
0.184
0.01831
0.01815
0.01802
0.01796
0.01782
0.01771
0.01759
0.01746
0.01736
0.01727
0.01717
0.01706
0.0169
0.01677
0.01671
0.01659
0.01631

University of Leicester | Experiment 173 Pro forma

350
370
390
420
450
480
510
570
630
690
750
810
870
930
990
1050
1110
1170
1230

2.4
9
2.4
5
2.4
3
2.4
1
2.3
7
2.3
3
2.2
9
2.1
7
2.1
3
2.0
7
1.9
9
1.9
1
1.8
5
1.8
3
1.7
7
1.7
5
1.7
3
1.7
1
1.7
1

3.21*10
3
3.54*10
3
3.71*10
3
3.89*10
3
4.26*10
3
4.67*10
3
5.1*103

0.01619

6.7*103

0.0127

7.41*10
3
9.77*10
3
10.2*10
3
12.3*10
3
14.1*10
3
14.7*10
3
16.9*10
3
17.7*10
3
18.6*10
3
19.4*10
3
19.4*10
3

0.01199

350

1.39

40.7*103

0.0405

370

1.39

40.7*103

0.0405

390

1.37

42.6*103

0.0386

420

1.35

44.6*103

0.0366

450

1.31

48.9*103

0.0323

480

1.31

48.9*103

0.0323

510

1.27

53.7*103

0.0275

570

1.25

56.2*103

0.025

630

1.23

58.8*103

0.0224

690

1.21

61.6*103

0.0196

750

1.19

64.5*103

0.0167

810

1.17

67.6*103

0.0136

870

1.15

70.7*103

0.0105

930

1.13

74.1*103

0.0071

990

1.13

74.1*103

0.0071

1050

1.11

77.6*103

0.0036

1110

1.11

77.6*103

0.0036

1170

1.09

81.2*103

1230

1.09

81.2*103

0.01586
0.01569
0.01551
0.01514
0.01473
0.0143

0.00963
0.0092
0.0071
0.0053
0.0047
0.0025
0.0017
0.008
0
0

University of Leicester | Experiment 173 Pro forma

Insert plots of pH vs. time/s for the room temperature and 40 C data

Plots of pH vs. time/s for the room temperature data

University of Leicester | Experiment 173 Pro forma

pH vs. time/s for the room temperature data

9

5
PH

PH
4

0
0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900 1000 1100 1200 1300

Time/S

Plots of pH vs. time/s for the room 40 C data

University of Leicester | Experiment 173 Pro forma

pH vs. time/s for the room 40 C data

8

PH
PH

0
0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900 1000 1100 1200 1300

Time/S

Plot ln[t-BuCl] vs. time/s for room temperature and 40 C data

University of Leicester | Experiment 173 Pro forma

ln[t-BuCl] vs. time/s for room40 C data

ln[t-BuCl] vs. time/s for room 40 C data

0
0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900 1000 1100 1200 1300

-1

-2

f(x) = - 0x - 2.63
ln[t-BuCl]

-3

-4

-5

-6
Time/s

ln[t-BuCl] vs. time/s for room temperature data

University of Leicester | Experiment 173 Pro forma

ln[t-BuCl] vs. time/s for room temperature data

0
0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900 1000 1100 1200 1300

-1

-2

-3
ln[t-BuCl]
-4

f(x) = -0.06 ln(x) - 3.76

f(x) = 0x - 4.07

-5

-6

-7
Time/S

Determine the gradient from the equation of the straight line:

Gradient at 298 K

Gradient at 313 K

University of Leicester | Experiment 173 Pro forma

-0.00002
k at 298 K
0.00002
Lna0(-2.6326)

-0.0011
k at 313 K
0.0011

Calculate the activation energy by using the formula:

ln

k 1 Ea 1
1
=

k2
R T2 T1

( ) (

Show your working

Ea

ln

1
1
=

( 0.00002
)
(
0.0011
8.3144598 313 296 )

ln

Ea
0.00002
1
1
/

=
0.0011
313 296 8.3144598

)(

1
1
/(

( 0.00002
)
0.0011
313 296 )
ln 8.3144598

(4.007333185 ) /

( 3131 2961 )

8.3144598=Ea

Ea = 181583.6 J
Ea = 181.583 KJ

Discussion

University of Leicester | Experiment 173 Pro forma