ECE 109 Midterm

May 9, 2014

Solution

1. Ten people choose a number between 1 and 10, independently and at random. What is the

probability that, in a group of three people, two or more have chosen the same number?

An answer not supported by appropriate reasoning will not receive credit.

Nv~b~V"' of

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10 .q -~
/.0'3
7~

-;

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or m~ w>

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:: ' - PC rh
::.. I -

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P(two or more chose the same number) =

f.Sofl.e ciA() 0~
- :2 B_

0 2 B

lOO

=0 2

( 2. fJ Jd)

d, {f-~~"''~1)111~~~)
o
0

Solution
2. A fair coin (Prob. Heads = Y2) is tossed two times. Consider the events
A. The second toss is heads.
B. There is one head and one tail.
C. The first toss is tails.
( i) Are A and B independent?

( ii) Are A and C independent?

(iii) Are B and C independent?
(iv) Are A, B, and C independent?

An answer not supported by appropriate reasoning will not receive credit.

5~

{HH

T H TT

~r

A() 9 =

.eac;,h ""T&o~ ~~ tJa/ly ffl'~l>J-e

s~frrwl

A= { Hl-1 TH1

P(A) =

C=fTH rTJ

-i: PC 8) = t p(C)::
lTH1 AflC =f TH-1

PlJ'flS) =

t:: PlA)P[9)

p(A 11 c.) :: '}

p( snc) :

=:

~~~t
PCA) p(c) I .C tkp..llMJ,.1-

PCB)

"rkfJltAth-tl t-

P(c)

All8flC : fTH}

p(M 8 fiC)

= ;j;- f

( i) A and B independel}t?
( ii) A and C independent?
(iii) B and C independent?
(iv) A, B, and C independent?

PlA)Pl8) P(c) =

~
Yes

"""t- ,.q;l.p.e..J#,t

No
No

~
-- --- __ j

Solution
3. In an introductory probability course 80% of the students passed the course. Of the students
who passed the course, 1% failed the midterm. Of the students who failed the course, 36%
failed the midterm. Determine the probability that a student who failed the midterm passed
the course.

An answer not supported by appropriate reasoning will not receive credit.

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=

s.

P(pa~~dC.OcJif~ far l.Q) *'dt-erl'lll)

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p[f 0 , l.e \lUI t~~N~)

P( far l~J

Wl.l a:t.Q

P(fo.,l.QJ ~.t~h,d,t..gf'W' I ra~l:dJ CorJ~e'

/

P ( po ~ $R) covY~) D, 80 P(f-o.,~J covv-~)

p( f 0 ,l_.J ...,,otrer~ / ra: ss.~J covvu) = 0. 0 I

p ( ( o.d..fll

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=0. 2.0

~~ ) = p( fa..l.DJ ~wt t"".e v"~ Ipa 6~ Coli 'I~) P(ta MRJ

CdiJ liSP

+ P(~.W ....olre....jftrtlsr)cof)vi;P)P ( frJ., lJC/)

C() I) '('II>

= o .o J ~' o, so 1- o. 3~ x o.2o
;: 0.

oe

80

.'- P(pO.$~J Co\J~'z.P} fo., ~J Vt'tdT~V"wr) = 0o.oe

P(student who failed midterm passed course) = 0 I 0

( I0

?o )

L ________________

xo.ot

Solution
4. A student visits an instructor's office to ask a question. If the instructor is not in, the student
leaves and returns at a later time. This continues in a sequence of independent visits until the
instructor is contacted. The instructor is not in his office 80% of the time. Denote by N the
number of visits required to contact the instructor. Obtain an expression for the probability
that it takes N = n visits to contact the instructor and evaluate the average (expected) number
of visits needed to contact the instructor.

An answer not supported by appropriate reasoning will not receive credit.

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-...

{- ~

P( N:: V\)

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= pt'ob. LK s"trv c"t-Cir t S

=%

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J V\

=-

lJ1

1) 2, . ~ - .

-:: (g 'f! t-'co. 2) -

E[N] =

=a, e

!:J-

tca.9)

VJ

= 0' 2