GPRS Management Report

GPRS METRICS
UL Drops / 10kbyte
DL Drops / 10 kbyte
UL Multislot Blocking
DL Multislot Blocking

DESCRIPTION
It shows the number of UL drops (mobiles lost) for every 10 kbytes of
data transferred.
It shows the number of DL drops (mobiles lost) for every 10 kbytes of
data transferred.
The number of rejections for UL resource versus the num,ber of
requests for the resource.
The number of rejections for DL resource versus the num,ber of
requests for the resource.

FORMULA
trf_27a
trf_28a
tbf_15
tbf_16

Payload (kbytes)

It aims to represent the overall data transferred by the terminals (by

excluding the overhead due to the ehaders and alike). This can
effectively be used to judge how well the cell is utilized or its revenue
potentially.

trf_47a

UL Payload kbits per TSL per

second

Indicates the throughput of effective payload data per timeslot on the

uplink. Aims to represent the user upload perfromance,rather than the
perfromance of the air interface.

trf_27d

DL Payload kbits per TSL per

second
UL Share
DL Share

UL BLER (%)
DL BLER (%)

GPRS Engineering Report

GPRS METRICS
Cell Availability

DL TBFs

UL TBFs
TBF Success
UL Drops / 10kbyte
DL Drops / 10 kbyte
UL Multislot Blocking
DL Multislot Blocking

Indicates the throughput of effective payload data per timeslot on the

downlink. Aims to represent the user download perfromance,rather than trf_73d
the perfromance of the air interface.
Share of uplink data.
rlc_61 + rlc_7a
Share of downlink data, normally greater than the UL following standard
internet profiling. Low traffic may lead to the UL being greater. Future
rlc_8a + rlc_9a
MMM services may also lead to a decrease in DL share.
Uplink Block Error Rate. On cell level values of 100% can be met due to UL BLER = ((rlc_10b * rlc_6a) + (rlc_11c *
MS not responding - this can occur due to ghosting.
rlc_7a)) / (rlc_6a * rlc_7a)
DL BLER = ((rlc_12a * rlc_8a) + (rlc_13 *
Downlink Block Error Rate
rlc_9a)) / (rlc_8a * rlc_9a)

DESCRIPTION
The percentage of active cells is determined via examination of the
available TCH (speech) and the available PDTCH (GPRS timeslots).
Similar concept with the call connection procedure. The most
quantitative factor is DL TBF (temporary block flow) establishments.
Many TBFs will be established to a single user while he is holding an
active session.
For the Uplink case, the UL TBFs established can also be used to
measure the number of "accesses". This factor is prone to Ghosting
and the number can be significantly higher than the DL TBFs for cells
with low traffic.
The TBF success rate is a measure of both UL and DL TBFs.
It shows the number of UL drops (mobiles lost) for every 10 kbytes of
data transferred.
It shows the number of DL drops (mobiles lost) for every 10 kbytes of
data transferred.
The number of rejections for UL resource versus the num,ber of
requests for the resource.
The number of rejections for DL resource versus the num,ber of
requests for the resource.

FORMULA

p_nbsc_packet_control_unit.nbr_of_dl_tbf

p_nbsc_packet_control_unit.nbr_of_ul_tbf
tbf_34
trf_27a
trf_28a
tbf_15
tbf_16

UL Requests

The number of territory upgrades requested from by the PCU. A high

number of requests may indicate that not enough GPRS territory exists p_nbsc_traffic.gprs_ter_upgrd_req
or that the default territory is being continually downgraded.

Upgrade Rejection

Indicates the percentage of unsuccessful upgrade requests that were

made. This would indicate that the maximum level of service to the
subscribers is not being met.

DL Allocation Met

Indicates the percentage of requested allocations that were successfully

met. Often in GPRS,the requested allocation cannot be made due to
msl_16
the loading from both other PS and other CS loading.

Additional TSLs

Indicates the average number of additional TSLs that have been utilized
for GPRS. A high value would indicate that the dimensioning of the
ach_1
GPRS territory is not sufficient.

UL kbits per timeslot per second

Indicates average throughput of data per timeslot on the uplink. This

data contains all the header data and does not represent the user
upload performance, rather the performance of the air interface - or
rather the network to terminal throughput.

DL kbits per timeslot per second

Indicates average throughput of data per timeslot on the downlink. This

data contains all the header data and does not represent the user
trf_90
download performance, rather the performance of the air interface - or
rather the network to terminal throughput.

Payload (kbytes)

It aims to represent the overall data transferred by the terminals (by

excluding the overhead due to the ehaders and alike). This can
effectively be used to judge how well the cell is utilized or its revenue
potentially.

trf_47a

UL Payload kbits per TSL per

second

Indicates the throughput of effective payload data per timeslot on the

uplink. Aims to represent the user upload perfromance,rather than the
perfromance of the air interface.

trf_27d

DL Payload kbits per TSL per

second
UL Share
DL Share

UL BLER (%)
DL BLER (%)

blk_22

trf_89

Indicates the throughput of effective payload data per timeslot on the

downlink. Aims to represent the user download perfromance,rather than trf_73d
the perfromance of the air interface.
Share of uplink data.
rlc_61 + rlc_7a
Share of downlink data, normally greater than the UL following standard
internet profiling. Low traffic may lead to the UL being greater. Future
rlc_8a + rlc_9a
MMM services may also lead to a decrease in DL share.
Uplink Block Error Rate. On cell level values of 100% can be met due to UL BLER = ((rlc_10b * rlc_6a) + (rlc_11c *
MS not responding - this can occur due to ghosting.
rlc_7a)) / (rlc_6a * rlc_7a)
DL BLER = ((rlc_12a * rlc_8a) + (rlc_13 *
Downlink Block Error Rate
rlc_9a)) / (rlc_8a * rlc_9a)

GPRS METRICS

DESCRIPTION

FORMULA

GPRS METRICS

Cell Availability

The percentage of active cells is determined via examination of the

available TCH (speech) and the available PDTCH (GPRS timeslots).

UL

DL TBFs

SGSN Total Traffic

Similar concept with the call connection procedure. The most
quantitative factor is DL TBF (temporary block flow) establishments. p_nbsc_packet_control_unit.nbr_
Many TBFs will be established to a single user while he is holding
of_dl_tbf
an active session.

DL

UL TBFs

For the Uplink case, the UL TBFs established can also be used to
measure the number of "accesses". This factor is prone to Ghosting p_nbsc_packet_control_unit.nbr_
and the number can be significantly higher than the DL TBFs for
of_ul_tbf
cells with low traffic.

TBF Success

The TBF success rate is a measure of both UL and DL TBFs.

tbf_34

UL Drops / 10kbyte

It shows the number of UL drops (mobiles lost) for every 10 kbytes

of data transferred.

trf_27a

DL Drops / 10 kbyte

It shows the number of DL drops (mobiles lost) for every 10 kbytes

of data transferred.

trf_28a

UL Multislot Blocking

The number of rejections for UL resource versus the num,ber of

requests for the resource.

tbf_15

DL Multislot Blocking

The number of rejections for DL resource versus the num,ber of

requests for the resource.

tbf_16

UL Requests

The number of territory upgrades requested from by the PCU. A high

number of requests may indicate that not enough GPRS territory
p_nbsc_traffic.gprs_ter_upgrd_req Active PDP context
exists or that the default territory is being continually downgraded.

Upgrade Rejection

Indicates the percentage of unsuccessful upgrade requests that

were made. This would indicate that the maximum level of service to blk_22
the subscribers is not being met.

DL Allocation Met

Indicates the percentage of requested allocations that were

successfully met. Often in GPRS,the requested allocation cannot be msl_16
made due to the loading from both other PS and other CS loading.

Additional TSLs

Indicates the average number of additional TSLs that have been

utilized for GPRS. A high value would indicate that the dimensioning ach_1
of the GPRS territory is not sufficient.

UL kbits per timeslot per second

Indicates average throughput of data per timeslot on the uplink. This

data contains all the header data and does not represent the user
trf_89
upload performance, rather the performance of the air interface - or
rather the network to terminal throughput.

DL kbits per timeslot per second

Indicates average throughput of data per timeslot on the downlink.

This data contains all the header data and does not represent the
user download performance, rather the performance of the air
interface - or rather the network to terminal throughput.

Payload (kbytes)

It aims to represent the overall data transferred by the terminals (by

excluding the overhead due to the ehaders and alike). This can
trf_47a
effectively be used to judge how well the cell is utilized or its
revenue potentially.

UL Payload kbits per TSL per second

Indicates the throughput of effective payload data per timeslot on

the uplink. Aims to represent the user upload perfromance,rather
than the perfromance of the air interface.

DL Payload kbits per TSL per second

UL Share
DL Share

Indicates the throughput of effective payload data per timeslot on

the downlink. Aims to represent the user download
perfromance,rather than the perfromance of the air interface.
Share of uplink data.
Share of downlink data, normally greater than the UL following
standard internet profiling. Low traffic may lead to the UL being
greater. Future MMM services may also lead to a decrease in DL
share.

trf_90

DESCRIPTION
This KPI gives the total traffic through the SGSNs in the downlink as well as in the uplink direction. It
could also be taken from BSC counters, but since it is very likely that the necessary measurements are
running in all the SGSNs (and if they don't, it would be very easy to discover it), it is recommended to
base this KPI on the SGSN counters.

Traffic per area

This KPI gives the total traffic for each defined area. It is based on BSC counters, which gives the traffic
for each cell. These figures are then mapped to the defined areas. The KPI gives the total of uplink and
downlink traffic (in Kbytes). It is on RLC level, but does not include RLC/MAC headers

GPRS Subscribers

This KPI gives the number of subscribers that have GPRS service enabled in their subscription.

Attached GPRS
Subscribers

This KPI gives the number of subscribers that are attached to the GPRS network.

This KPI gives the number of active PDP contexts in the GPRS network.
These KPIs gives the traffic (incoming and outgoing) for each APN. The counters in the NMS table
provide the average number of packets per second during the collection interval. This should then be
multiplied with the number of seconds in the collection interval (usually 15 minutes, ie 900 seconds, but
this is a setting in the GGSN). To convert from packets to bytes, it is necessary to know the packet size.
This requires logging in to the GGSNs via the Voyager tool and (for each APN) read the total number of
OUT bytes and total number of packets. From this, the packet size can be calculated. Note that the GGSN
counters seen by Voyager are initialized (wrap around) when they reach approximately 6.000.000.000.
IN

Traffic per APN

PDP Context per APN

These KPIs gives number of PDP contexts that have been activated for each APN. The counters in the
NMS table provide the average number of PDP contexts which have been activated each second during
the collection interval. This should then be multiplied with the number of seconds in the collection
interval (usually 15 minutes, ie 900 seconds, but this is a setting in the GGSN).

GPRS Blocking (Top-10

Cells)

These are the cells where no resources are available for GPRS because CSW has taken everything. If
timeslots are dedicated to GPRS, there should not be any GPRS blocking.

GPRS Upgrade
Rejection Ratio (Top-10
Cells)

These are the cells where some, but not enough, resources are allocated to GPRS. This indicator only
works in cases where CS traffic has not compressed the GPRS territory below the default settings..

trf_27d

trf_73d
rlc_61 + rlc_7a
rlc_8a + rlc_9a

UL BLER (%)

Uplink Block Error Rate. On cell level values of 100% can be met
due to MS not responding - this can occur due to ghosting.

UL BLER = ((rlc_10b * rlc_6a) +

(rlc_11c * rlc_7a)) / (rlc_6a *
rlc_7a)

DL BLER (%)

Downlink Block Error Rate

DL BLER = ((rlc_12a * rlc_8a) +

(rlc_13 * rlc_9a)) / (rlc_8a *
rlc_9a)

These are the cells where some, but not enough, resources are allocated to GPRS. This indicator is
Bad Multi-Slot Allocation mainly applicable in cases where CS traffic has compressed the GPRS territory below the default
(Top 10 cells)
settings (see also the previous sections). It calculates the ratio between requested resources and
allocation resources.

GB Interface Downlink
Congestion
GB Interface Uplink
Congestion (Top-10)

Loaded Gb Links (Top10)

This KPI gives the congestion in the downlink direction (ie seen from the SGSNs perspective). The
counters are on PAPU level, which means that the specific Gb link that causes the congestion cannot
be identified. This KPI should be combined with the Gb load (section 5.3) to identify the most probable
link.
This KPI gives the congestion in the uplink direction (ie seen from the BSCs perspective). The
counters are on link level, which means that the specific Gb link that causes the congestion can easily
be identified. The congestion is then given as the number of bytes that has been discarded due to
congestion, ie it is not a ratio.

The 10 Gb links with highest downlink load (presumeably also those that have highest Gb congestion).