Electromagnetism I

Parts of an Atom

Capacitors

Movement of Electrons

Electric Current

Conducting Materials

Electric Resistance

Coulombs Law

Ohms Law

Electric Field

Circuits

Electric Potential Energy

Electric Power

*Property of STI

H0055

1 ______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

Parts of an Atom

*Property of STI

H0055

2 _______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

Opposite charges attract; Like charges repel

*Property of STI

H0055

3 ______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

*Property of STI

H0055

4 _______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

Ways of Charging

Ways of Charging
2. Charging by contact or conduction

1. Charging by
friction

*Property of STI

3. Charging by induction

H0055

5 ______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
Conductors
Materials that permit electric charges to move easily from
one region of the material to another

*Property of STI

H0055

6 _______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

Coulombs Law

Insulators
Materials that do not allow much movement of charge
Coulomb's
Torsion Balance

Semi-conductors
Have varying conducting properties depending on the
impurities and the charges present on the material

*Property of STI

H0055

7 ______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

*Property of STI

H0055

8 _______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

Coulombs Law

Fe K

q1q2
d2

Gravitational Force:

*Property of STI

q1 and q2 = amount of charges in the

particles
d = distance between the two
charges
K = the proportionality constant
= 9 x 109 Nm2/C2
SI unit of charge is coloumb, C

Fg G

m1 m2
d2
*Property of STI

H0055

9 ______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
Electric Field
F K

Q q
d

H0055

10 ______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
Electric Field

F = force
K = 9.0 109 Nm2/C2
Q = electric charge of one object
q = electric charge of the another object
d = distance between the two objects

Electric Field:
*Property of STI

A hydrogen atom is composed of an electron and a proton. The

Bohr radius of the hydrogen atom is 5.30 x 10-11 m. Compute
for the electrical force between the proton and the electron in
the atom. Compare this with the force of attraction between
the two. The mass of the electron is 9.11 x 10-31 kg while that
of the proton is 1.67 x 10-27 kg.

F
q

H0055

11 _____________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

*Property of STI

H0055

12 ______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

Find the magnitude of an electrons electric field, 50.0 cm away

from the electron. If another electron is placed at this distance,
what would be the magnitude of electric force between the
electrons? Is the force attractive or repulsive?

Electric Potential
V

PE
q

V = Ed

V = electric potential or voltage

PE = electric potential energy
E = electric field
q = test charge
d = distance

*Property of STI

H0055

13 _____________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

Two parallel plates are 15.0 mm apart. An electron placed

between the plates experiences a force of 2.20 x 10-16 N.
What is the potential difference between the plates?

*Property of STI

H0055

15 _____________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

*Property of STI

Electric Potential unit: 1 volt = 1 J/C

H0055

14 ______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

Find the magnitude of a protons electric field at 50.0 cm

away from it. What is the electric potential at this distance?

*Property of STI

H0055

16 ______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

Capacitor
A device that stores charges between its plates
Each plate carries the same amount of charge

Electric Current
current

ch arg e
time int erval

Q
t

I = electric current,
= measured in amperes, A
1 A = 1 coulomb of charge per second
*Property of STI

H0055

17 _____________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

Calculate the current where 15 C of charge passes

through a point in 5 seconds.

*Property of STI

H0055

18 ______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

Electric Resistance
R

L
A

R = resistance
L = length of the wire

Resistance unit is the ohm,

A = cross-section area
= resistivity
*Property of STI

H0055

19 _____________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

*Property of STI

H0055

20 ______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

A platinum wire has a thickness of 1.77 x 10-6 m2. Find

the resistance between two points on the wire 200
meters apart. ( of platinum is 11.0 x 10-8 m).

Ohms Law
The current I in a circuit is directly proportional
to the voltage V impressed across the circuit,
and inversely proportional to the resistance R of
the circuit

*Property of STI

H0055

21 _____________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

An incandescent bulb allows 120 mA of current to pass

through when connected to a 220 V source. What is the
resistance of the bulb?

*Property of STI

V
R

H0055

22 ______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
Circuits
Circuit Symbols
Resistor
Wire
Power source
Switch

*Property of STI

H0055

23 _____________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

*Property of STI

H0055

24 ______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

Series

Parallel
1
1
1
1

Re R1 R2 R3

Re = R1 + R2 + R3 +

*Property of STI

H0055

25 _____________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
1. In the figure below let R1 = 2.00 and R2 = 3.00 , V =
100 V. Find the effective resistance and the current in the
circuit.

*Property of STI

H0055

27 _____________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

*Property of STI

I = I1 = I2 =I3 = In

I = I1 + I2 + I3 = = In

V = V1 + V2 + V3 = Vn

V = V1 = V2 = V3 = Vn

H0055

26 ______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
2. In the parallel circuit below let R1 = 2.00 and R2 = 3.00
, V = 100 V. Find the effective resistance and current
flowing across each resistor.

*Property of STI

H0055

28 ______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

3. Find the equivalent resistance between points a and b for

the combination of resistors shown below.

Electric Power

24

5
12

*Property of STI

*Property of STI

H0055

H0055

29 _____________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

30 ______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

Example:
Complete the information for each appliance. Solve for
the price of the electric consumption for all the
appliances. Assume that each appliance is used for 150
hours in one month and the billing rate is PhP 4.42 per
kilowatt-hour.

1. An ohmic conductor has a potential difference of 9.0

volts and a 36.0 ampere current passes through it. Find
the resistance of the conductor.

Appliance

A
B
C
*Property of STI

Resistance Current Voltage Power

10
40

2. Solve for the equivalent resistance of the circuit. Find

the current in each resistor.

Electric
energy

20
100

12

200
400

H0055

31 _____________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

18 V

*Property of STI

H0055

32 ______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

3. Solve for the equivalent resistance between points a

and b. Find the current in each resistor if the potential
drop between a and b is 12 V.
2

3
a

b
6

*Property of STI

H0055

33 _____________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________