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Port of Colombo 14-25
Port of Colombo 14-25
Port of Colombo 14-25
Port of Colombo
* Port of Colombo - History
Ports
Port of Colombo
Colombo, the largest city and commercial capitol
of Sri Lanka, situated in the West coast of the island. The
port is near the mouth of the Kelani River. The original
Sinhalese name, Kelani Thota (Kelani Ferry) was corrupted
to Kolambu by the Arab traders and was changed to
Colombo by the Portuguese. A 16th century Portuguese fort
was transformed to a government and commercial center.
The Port of Colombo is one of the worlds largest man
made harbours and presently is the countys major port for
imports, exports and transshipment handling whether it is
History
Historical evidence suggests that, in the 15th century
Arab traders made Colombo, the centre of their trading
activities in the Indian Ocean. A century later, the Portuguese
fortified it and enhanced its importance as the most popular
emporium in the East. During the Dutch period (1658-1796)
a further enhancement of Colombos importance was seen.
Nevertheless, it was under the British with the extension
of their sovereignty over the whole island, that Colombo
received the greatest impetus for its rise to eminence in the
Indian Ocean region. In the 19th and 20th centuries, Colombo
was the funnel through which almost all of the trade of the
country flowed. In the later half of the 19th century, Colombo
was an open and dangerous roadstead which provided some
shelter to occasional ships. But by 1910, it became the third
leading port in the British Empire and the seventh busiest
port in the world. With the expansion of the British Empire
and the growth in internal trade, the Port of Colombo became
important not only from a commercial but also from a strategic
point view. It commanded the gateway to the East. Part of the
story of the Colombo port is straightforward. From the
early 19 th century Colombo had the main outlet for Ceylons
exports and as these exports grew, so did the demands of
14
Ports
Breakwaters
discharged using the deck barges and lowed alongside vessels
Under the colonial system of exports, demanded more safe
at mid-stream/buoy berths.
and secure cargo operation and the demand of the cargo
The Colombo Port Commission was set up in
berths were the major obstacle during the decade of 1860 to
1913. And by the year of 1925 the depth was dredged up to
1870. Finally the legislative council of Ceylon has approved
11.0 meters. During the decade of 1950 to 1960, five main
the construction of a breakwater to shelter the vessels during
alongside berths were constructed.
the Southwest monsoon too. The construction of Southwest
breakwater commenced in 1875 and took almost ten years
QEQ
- Queen Elizabeth Quay
to complete. THE FIRST STONE OF THIS BREAKWATER
BQ
- Bandaranayake Quay
WAS LAID BY H. R. H. PRINCE OF WALES K. G. 8TH
PVQ
- Prince Vijaya Quay
DECEMBER 1875
NP/SP
- North and South Pier
The project was treated as a great piece of
CB
- Coaster Berths
engineering work at that time. 4212 feet long South West
Breakwater and pilot station was completed in 1885.
The Port Cargo Corporation was established in 1958. Finally
THIS GREAT WORK PROJECTED BY GOVERNOR SIR
the Port Commission and Port Cargo Corporation transformed
HERCULES ROBINSON K.C.M.C AND DESIGNED BY SIR
in to Sri Lanka Ports Authority by an act of Parliament of Sri
JOHN COODE M.I.C.E. WAS EXECUTED BY JOHN KYLE
Lanka in 1979. All the commercial ports (Colombo, Galle,
Esq. M.I.C.E AND BY HIM COMPLETED APRIL-1885.
Trincomalee, Kankasanturei and Point Pedro) were brought
The construction of the island Breakwater was
under the preview of SLPA.
started in 1894 and completed in 1898.The North East
breakwater was completed in 1904 and with two entrances
JCT 1
Jaye container terminal stage 1 was constructed
and breakwater light houses. The extension arm of the South
during 1980 to 1985.
West break water commenced in 1906 and completed in
JCT 2
Stage 2 completed in 1987.
1912. THIS STONE WAS LAID BY H.E. COLONAL SIR
JCT 3
and JCT 4 berths were completed during 1991 to
HENRY EDWARD McCALLUM G.C.M.C. GOVERNOR OF
ST
1993 with the depth of 14.0 meters.
CEYLON ON MAY 01 1912 TO COMMEMORATE THE
The main access channel was dredged up to 15.0 meters.
COMPLETION OF THE HARBOUR WORK WHICH MESSRS
SAGT
Formally QEQ/QCT was transformed to South Asia
COODE SON & MATHEWS WERE THE ENGINEERS
Gateway Terminal and three berths were completed
The original depth was 6.0 meters and by 1906 it
in 2003.
was dredged up to 9.0 meters keeping the depth requirement
UCT
Unity Container Terminal and a feeder berth also
of Suez Canal authorities. There were 53 stream berths
completed in 2004.
with buoy moorings were available for safe berthing. But
no alongside berths were available. Cargo was loaded and
Present
Today The Port of Colombo handles more than 4000 vessels
3.0 million containers and over 40 million Metric tons of
bulk cargo per annum. Having work force more than 13,500
professional and skilled personnel, the SLPA boasts of the
quickest and fastest turnaround of vessels in the Indian Ocean
Region ports.
There are 38 alongside berths and 04 dry docks
available within the Port of Colombo. The maximum depth
Future
The Port of Colombo is already reaching to its maximum
fifth generation of container carriers comes with a capacity
capacity very soon. Especially with the new generation ships
of more than 8,000 with 22 containers across on deck need
carrying more than 8000 TEUs having the draught of more
18.0m draught and next generation (Malacca Max) with 18,000
than 16 meters. At present Port of Colombo that was encircled
TEU with a length of 411.0 m and breadth of 61.0 m need a
with three break waters 130 years ago would find difficulty
draught of 22.0 m. To face the future challenges, the SLPA has
to handle bigger ships due to inability to deepen the basin
already commenced planning for a bigger port adjoining to the
beyond 14.0 m, particular orientation of breakwaters, width
existing with the draft of more than 19.0 meters. The South
of entrance, basin size etc.
Port of Colombo will accommodate the fifth generation cargo
Presently Port of Colombo is handling Postvessels and beyond to bring Colombo The Mega port in Asia
Panamax vessels up to 16 TEU across on deck. The present
or the Hub Port in Asia status.
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15
Port of Colombo
Ports
16
Ports
Port of Colombo
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Milestones
Ports
1505
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Ports
Port of Colombo
19
Reach
Ports
2004
2004
2005
2005
2006
2006
2006
2007
REACH
Air Port
The Colombo International Airport situated thirty (30) Kilometers Northwards of Port of
Colombo.
Railway
Colombo Fort Railway Station. The main railway station of Sri Lankan railway with the
connections to any railway station in the island is just 500m away from Colombo port and in
walking distance.
Road Transport
Provided your vehicle receives Entry Permit issued by the SLPA Security Division, any
vehicle can enter the port. The shipping agent or the interested party to make a request to the
Chief Security Manager or Officer In-charge, port permit office for entry permits.
Road Network
Port access road is available from the North Part of the port, connected to the main roads of
Airport and other inland highways. The inner road network is connected to all the terminals,
warehouses and jetties.
Road Entrances
The Port of Colombo has six (06) main entrances for road transport. These entrances are
spread along the Colombo city and easy accessible from the Colombo city road network.
Gate # 1
Gate # 3
Gate # 4
Gate # 5
Gate # 6
Gate # 8
(Gate # 7)
Security Zone 01
Main Gate
In (011) 248 2549 Out (011) 248 2790 Supt.
Security Zone 02/03 Layden Bastian Gate
In (011) 248 2804 Out (011) 248 2776
Security Zone 04/05 Export Gate
In (011) 248 2803
Security Zone 05
JCT Gate
In (011) 248 2613 Out (011) 2565
Security Zone 06
Port Access Gate
In (011) 248 3229 Out (011) 248 3026 Supt.
Security Zone 09
De Seram Gate
In (011) 248 2331 Out (011) 248 3194 Supt.
Railway Access Gate
Working Hours
The Port of Colombo operates 24 hours a day and 365 days a year. The Operational divisions and sections working on shift basis
24 hours. Administration/ clerical staff working day time from 0830 hours to 1630 hours.
Port Holidays
As the Port of Colombo working round the clock and all throughout the year, no specific port holidays declared. However, public
holidays of the year calendar are applicable to the non-shift basis employees. The special holidays of Sinhalese & Tamil New
Year (April 12th/13th or 13th 14th), May day (01st May) and Christmas Day (25th December) will be special holidays. But not effected
to the operational activities as SLPA pays special attendance allowances to the employees who work on these holidays.
Charter Party Holidays
February 04th
-
April 14th -
April
-
May 01
-
May
-
th
December 25
-
Local Time
Location
Latitude 0060 57 North
Longitude 0790 51 East
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Ports
Ports Limits
Port Locator
LKCMB
Port ID No.
19289
Latitude
Latitude
Latitude
Latitude
0060
0060
0070
0070
52
52
03
03
North
North
North
North
to
to
to
to
0790
0790
0790
0790
45.0
51.4
45.0
51.4
East
East
East
East
Port limits extend to 06 nautical miles Westerly offshore and approximately 02 nautical miles North and South of the
main (Western) entrance in a rectangular area seaward.
Territorial Waters
Twelve (12) nautical miles from the coast and an exclusive economic zone of 200 miles.
Tropical
During South West monsoon, May to August, Westerly winds up to force 7, swell up to
approximate three (03) meters. During North East monsoon, November to February, North
Easterly winds up to force 5 - 6, swell up to approximate two (02) meters.
Cargo Operations
The Port Colombo is handling almost all kind of cargo and has separate berths for the following.
Container Operation/Container Terminals
Cement/Clinker
Grain Elevators
Conventional/General cargo
Cruise Vessels
Repair Berths
Dry Bulk/Gear Bulk
Tankers-Fuel Oil/White Oil/Jet A1/Gas Oil/Base Oil
RO Ro/Vehicles
Tankers- LPG/LNG/Crude Oil/Palm Oil (Please refer berth utilization in Port of Colombo)
Distance to nearby ports from Colombo
(Calculated at the speed of 20 knots) 1 Knot equivalent to 6080 feet per hour)
Port
Galle
Trincomalee
Point Pedro
Kankasanturei
Kayts
Jaffna
Talaimannar
Sailing Time
Days
Hours
00
04
00
16
00
21
00
22
00
23
00
24
00
02
Distance
Nautical Miles
71
317
420
432
452
478
49
Port
Tuticorin
Chennai
Kolkata
Mumbai
Chittagong
Visakhapatnam
Male
Cochin
Sailing Time
Days
Hours
00
07
01
06
02
14
01
20
02
21
01
10
01
22
00
15
Distance
Nautical Miles
142
590
1244
884
1380
866
444
307
Deviation
08 Hrs From the main East-West route Compared to the other feeder destinations & ports in the south Indian region, Colombo
is the closest and convenient located port to the main east west route. Please refer the following competitive route analysis.
Competitive Route Analysis
The following table lists the estimated deviation costs of a mainline vessel with a 4,000 TEU capacity calling at selected hub
ports in the region. Should a major carrier make several calls per week at its hub port, the annual costs can be substantial,
however, as it is representative on the length of the round voyage, the savings on time could provide the ability to reduce the
number of ships deployed.
Estimated mainline vessel deviation costs (4,000 TEU vessel)
Port
Deviation
Time
(Days*)
Time In
Port
Vessel
Deviation Time
Cost ($)***
Fuel Cost
($)***
Port Access
Charges
($)***
Cost of
time in
port ($)**
Chennai
1.10
1.00
24,750
18,840
28,000
Chittagong
2.25
1.00
50,625
37,800
22,500
Cochin
0.13
1.00
2,925
2,184
22,500
Colombo
0.06
1.00
1,350
1,006
10,000
Dubai
2.37
0.50
53,325
39,816
5,500
JNPT/NSICT
0.85
1.00
19,125
14,280
26,500
Karachi
1.33
1.00
29,925
22,344
20,000
Mundra
1.30
1.00
29,950
21,840
28,000
Tuticorin
0.09
1.00
2,025
1,512
33,500
Notes :
All figures in US$, * At 23 knots, ** At US$ 22,500 per day for a 4,000 TEU vessel
*** At 120 tpd x US$ 140/t
Source : Drewry Shipping
22,500
22,500
22,500
22,500
11,250
22,500
22,500
22,500
22,500
Total
marginal
cost ($)
93,730
130,925
56,109
34,858
109,891
82,405
94,769
101,590
59,537
Consultants Ltd./SAGT
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Ports
Sailing Time
Days
Hours
13
22
13
22
06
01
04
08
09
18
09
18
18
02
01
20
09
14
17
23
09
16
02
15
08
12
07
06
15
19
14
03
18
14
18
00
07
17
03
06
10
18
10
18
09
23
09
09
09
09
18
00
21
10
09
13
12
15
09
07
Distance
Nautical Miles
6685
6685
2900
5020
2095
4698
8680
889
4600
8635
4649
1276
4090
3485
7585
6785
8925
8634
3785
1567
5165
4484
4780
4500
4500
8643
10284
4580
6060
4466
Banks
Cargo Surveyors
Communication Centers
Container Depots/Inland Container Terminals
Container Leasing/renting /transportation
Crew Change (Joining & Repatriation)
Currency Exchange
Dry docks/Slipway
Emergency Coordination
Fresh water
Garbage & Sludge disposal / Junk removal
Lashing/Unlashing gangs
Marine Communication
Marine Repairs
Marine Lawyers
Pay Phone Booths
Post Office
Reefer container monitoring
Ship Supplies/Chandling
Stevedoring
Telephone/Call booths
Watchmen
22
Bonded warehouses
Clearing & Forwarding
Consuls/Embassies/Diplomatic Missions
Courier/Parcel Post
Cranes/ Fork Lifts/Shifters
Restaurants / Clubs
De-ratting /Fumigation
Duty Free Shops
Freight Forwarding & Clearing
Fuel-IFO/MDO/MGO
Laundry
Legal Insurance/Brokering
Marine Lubricants
Marine Surveyors
Medical Facilities/Hospitals
Police/Ambulance/Fire Brigade
Quarantine Facilities
Seamans club/Mission to seamen
Shipping Agencies
Storage /Warehouses
Transport (Any Mode)
Vehicle Hiring
Ports
Shipping Routes
23
Port Statistics
Ports
Cargo Throughput Port of Colombo 2000 - 2007
24
Port Statistics
Ports
25