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Current Affairs for IAS Exams 06 October 2015

in

CurrentAffairsforIASExams06October2015
::International::
PacificRimcountriesreachlandmarktradedeal,U.S.
lawmakerssceptical
TheUnitedStatesand11otherPacificRimcountrieshavereachedasweepingdealtosetupafreetrade
zonefor40percentoftheworld'seconomy,buttheaccordonMondayfacedinitialscepticismintheU.S.
Congress.
TheTransPacificPartnershipisthemostambitioustradepactinagenerationandcouldreshapeindustries
andinfluencethecostofproductsfromcheesetocancertreatments,presentingkeyissuesalsofordrug
companiesandautomakers.
Tirednegotiatorsworkedroundtheclockovertheweekendtosettletoughissuessuchasmonopolyrights
fornewbiotechdrugs.
A demand by New Zealand for greater access for its dairy exports was only settled at 5 a.m. EDT (0900
GMT)onMonday.
DetailsofthepactwereemerginginstatementsbyofficialsafterdaysofmarathontalksinAtlanta.
The12countrieswillcuttradebarriersandsetcommonstandardsforaregionstretchingfromVietnamto
Canada.
The agreement could be a legacydefining achievement for Democratic President Barack Obama, if it is
ratifiedbyCongress.
LawmakersinotherTPPcountriesmustalsoapprovethedeal,whichwouldreduceoreliminatetariffson
almost18,000categoriesofgoodslikemachinery,chemicalsandfood.
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CurrentAffairsforIASExams06October2015|IASEXAMPORTALIndia'sLargestCommunityforIAS,CSAT,UPSC,CivilServicesExamA

TheObamaadministrationhopesthepactwillhelptheUnitedStatesincreaseitsinfluenceinEastAsiato
helpcountertheriseofChina,whichisnotoneoftheTPPnations.
Initial reaction from U.S. lawmakers, including Democrats and Republicans, ranged from cautious to
sceptical.
VermontSenatorBernieSanders,aU.S.Democraticpresidentialcandidate,saidhewasdisappointedand
warnedthepactwouldcostU.S.jobsandhurtconsumers.

::Miscellaneous::
GermanwillnowbetheadditionalforeignlanguageinKendriyaVidyalayas
German will be taught in Kendriya Vidyalayas as an additional foreign language while modern Indian
languages will be taught in Germany, according to an understanding reached between the two countries
todaytoputalidonacontroversythathaderuptedaboutayearback.
AnMoUwassignedbetweenthetwocountriesontheoccasionofGermanChancellorAngelaMerkel'svisit
and under the understanding,apactwillbesignedbetweentheKVandMaxMuellerBhavanto formalise
thearrangement.
ThismarksanendtothecontroversywhichhaderuptedaboutayearafterKVsdecidedtostopteaching
GermanasthirdlanguageandreplaceditwithSanskrit.
The governing board of KV had in its meeting on October 27 last year directed that teaching of German
languageasanoptioninsteadofSanskritbediscontinued.
Thenewunderstandingisasharpdeparturefromtheearlieragreementof2011betweenthetwocountries
toofferGermanasathirdlanguageintheKVs.
HRD Minister Smriti Irani has been maintaining that teaching German was againstthespiritofthethree
languageformulaandviolatedthenationaleducationpolicy.
TheKV'sdecisionhadtriggeredanuproarandhadthreatenedtoderailtiesbetweenthetwocountries.
ItwascriticisedalsobyMerkelwhoraisedtheissueduringhermeetingwithModionthesidelinesoftheG
20summitinBrisbaneinNovemberlastyear.
The government, though, had announced that German would continue to be taught as an additional or
hobbysubjectfromclassVItoVIII.

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::Business::
Indiahometomostpoor,butpovertyratelowest:WorldBank
Indiawashometothelargestnumberofpoorin2012,butitspovertyratewasoneofthelowestamong
thosecountrieswiththelargestnumberofpoor,accordingtoanewWorldBankreport.
AnewmethodologyappliedtohouseholdsurveysinIndiaalsosuggeststhatitspovertyratecouldbeeven
lower,thereportnoted.
For201112,India'spovertyrateusingthesocalled"uniformreferenceperiod"(URP)basedconsumption
was21.2percent.
Butanewmethodintroducedin200910bytheNationalSampleSurveyOrganizationusingashorterrecall
periodforfooditemsbringsdownthepovertyratetoasignificantlylowerfigureof12.4percent.
From a broader historical perspective, the global poverty rate has fallen by approximately 1 percentage
point a year since 1990, with rapid poverty reduction in China and India playing a central role in this
outcome,thereportnoted.
Tentativeprojectionsforglobalpovertyin2015suggestthattheglobalheadcountmayhavereached700
million,leadingtoapovertyrateof9.6percent.
Thenumberofpeoplelivinginextremepovertyaroundtheworldwaslikelytofalltounder10percentof
theglobalpopulationin2015,accordingtoWorldBankprojections.Thisgivesfreshevidencethataquarter
centurylongsustainedreductioninpovertyismovingtheworldclosertothehistoricgoalofendingpoverty
by2030,thereportsaid.

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