Helwan University

Faculty of Engineering
Mechanical power dapart.

Boiler
&furnaces&Incine
rators
Undersupervision : Dr/ Adel
hussien

Name: Khaled Rashed

Soliman
section: 4
year: 4th year
2011/2012

boiler
is an enclosed vessel that provides a means for combustion heat to be
transferred intowater until it becomes heated water or steam. The hot water
or steam under pressure is thenusable for transferring the heat to a process. Water
is a useful and cheap medium fortransferring heat to a process. When water is
boiled into steam its volume increases about 1,600times, producing a force that
is almost as explosive as gunpowder. This causes the boiler to beextremely dangerous
equipment that must be treated with utmost care.

Uses
To generate steam to drive turbines to generate electricity,
Steam used for air conditioning systems, heating ,hot
water ,process applications, driving steam engines , boilers
to run ships using super heated steam, auto clave's, portable
heat /hot water for buildings. smaller boilers to generate
power
to
runcars.

types
1-Fire-tube boiler. Here, water partially fills a boiler barrel with a small
volume left above to accommodate the steam (steam space).
2-Water-tube boiler. In this type,the water tubes are arranged inside
a furnace in a number of possible configurations

Flash boiler. A specialized type of water-tube boiler.

Accessories
1-Water level indicators
2-Bottom blowdown valves 3Continuous blowdown valve
4-Flash Tank
5Automatic Blowdown/Continuous Heat Recovery System
1

6-Hand holes
internals,
9-Circulating pump:

7-Steam drum internals8-Steam drum

10- clak valve

Furnace
A furnace is a device used for heating. A household furnace
is a major appliance that is permanently installed to provide
heat to an interior space through intermediary fluid
movement, which may be air, steam, or hot water. The most
common fuel source for modern furnaces in the United
States is natural gas; other common fuel sources
include LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), fuel oil, coal or wood.
In some cases electrical resistance heating is used as the
source of heat, especially where the cost of electricity is low.
The furnace components can be divided into three categories.
1.

The burners, heat exchanger, draft inducer, and venting.

2.

The controls and safety devices.

3.

The blower and air movement.

Types
several specialised furnaces are used. These include:
Furnaces used in smelters, including:

The blast furnace, used to reduce iron ore to pig iron

Steelmaking furnaces, including:

2

Puddling furnace

Reverberatory furnace

Bessemer converter

Open hearth furnace

Basic oxygen furnace

Electric arc furnace

Electric induction furnace

Furnaces used to remelt metal in foundries.

Furnaces used to reheat and heat treat metal for use in:

Rolling mills, including tinplate works and slitting mills.

Forges.
Vacuum furnaces

Incinerators
Incineration is a waste treatment process that involves
the combustion of organicsubstances contained in waste
material. Incineration with energy recovery is one of
several waste-to-energy (WtE) technologies such
as gasification, Plasma arc
gasification, pyrolysis and anaerobic digestion. Incineration
may also be implemented without energy and materials
recovery.

Types
Burn pile
Burn barrel
Moving grate
Fixed grate
Rotary kiln
Fluidized bed

Specialized incineration