Lesson 26- Quality Management

The competition in the world is becoming fiercer and fiercer than ever before,
especially in the shipbuilding industry. As for each enterprise, the quality of products has
become her life line without any exception, and that is also the case with a shipyard.
What is more , the quality of a vessel greatly concerns the safety of passengers and crew
onboard. So any shipyard must not neglect the life-or-death matter of quality if she
wishes to survive.
To begin with, we shall make clear several terms. They are quality management,
quality assurance and quality control, with their short forms QM, QA and QC
respectively. Among them, QM is a big idea while QC is a rather small, concrete and old
one. In order to avoid any unnecessary misunderstanding, in this text, we will still keep to
the old term QC. With the regard of QC, we shall first deal with the term TQC, which
stands for the total quality control. The first implication of TQC is that the quality control
covers the whole procedure of production from start to finish, even extending to the after
service or the technical service. For instance, the moment a new order is accepted, TQC
will go into action immediately; for, when the contract becomes validated and both
parties have worked out the technical specification, quality has been involved already.
The second implication of TQC is that it concerns all the personnel, including blue collar
workers, technicians of workshops, staff members of such departments as design, supply,
education and training and so on.
Vinashin puts extra emphasis on the quality management all the time. His quality
policy says, "Open up the market by first-rate products and win customers through fine
quality and nice after-service". So far, some shipyards in the group have been
respectively granted the certificates of quality approval in accordance with IS09001 by
the relative authorities. To put it bluntly, the IS09001 system itself will not improve the
product quality but it will create a quality management procedure whereby the product
quality can be monitored at all the stages so that the possible quality failure can be
identified and traced back to its source for the rectification of poor quality as well as for
learning a necessary lesson for the future.
If a vessel for export is to be built, things will get still more complex than to build
a vessel for home use, since different parties are to be involved in the supervision
activities. The parties concerned are as follows:
1. The Shipyard
Under a shipyard, there will normally be the design department composed of
marine engineers and naval architects, the quality control department whose
representatives are called inspectors, the production department commanding various
workshops whose representatives referred to as site architects will be sent to serve on the
working site, the supply department, the financial department, etc. Except the financial
department, all the above departments are directly concerned with the shipbuilding
quality.
For example, the supply department is in charge of purchasing the necessary
materials and equipment, and requires makers to send out their service engineers to help
install their equipment sold in accordance with the relevant contracts. As for the design
department, it must be responsible for the basic design and the detail design as well as the
completion drawings and the concerned information. In addition, it has to be always
ready to answer the technical problems put forward on the spot of operation. For the

production department, however, stress is almost always laid on the working schedule
and it keeps talking about CPM ( the critical path method) and palletizing management
all the time, whereas the quality control department will have a close look at everything
installed onboard with a critical eye. It's difficult for inspectors to nod in approval.
Therefore, a serious quarrel will break out between a site architect and an inspector from
time to time.
2. The Ship's Owner
Any vessel is to be registered in a certain country and to be constructed,
machinery installed and equipment provided or furnished according to the latest rules and
regulations of a classification society. Besides, the vessel is to comply with all the
concerned international regulations, such as IMO Resolutions and Solas ,Marpol
Conventions.
Only when a vessel conforms to the above-mentioned rules and regulations , can a
shipyard obtain the relevant certificates from the classification society and international
authorities.
In order to execute the supervision of shipbuilding, the owner or his
representatives sometimes called as site supervisors will station in the yard. And, do
remember that the owner, the contract in hand, is the king of the yard, and will always
have the last word.

Delivery Ceremony of Mv Tay Son 2 ;12.500 DWT

3. The Classification Society
There are a few famous classification societies in the world, such as NK, LR,
ABS, DNV, GL ...
The classification society involved will send out to the yard its registers for diesel
engine making and its surveyors for shipbuilding, and they are to work on the basis of the
contract, the spec and the concerned standards.
In short, the classification society would, if necessary, arbitrate between the
owner and the yard, should a dispute arise.
The shipbuilding supervision covers materials, equipment, drawings, construction
and tests and trials including the shop trial,dock trial and sea trial.
With a successful sea trial, the vessel is at last nearly ready to be delivered. And,
of course, the delivery ceremony is really a great occasion to all the parties concerned,
and after a long journey full of fierce quarrel, warm argument, mutual understanding and
nice cooperation, they will say " cheers " to each other and enjoy champagne together.

New Words and Expressions

1. quality management qun l cht lng
2. life line tuyn sinh t
3. life-or-death a.c tnh cht sng cn ,c lin quan ti sinh t
4. survive v. sng qua c,tip tc tn ti
5. quality assurance bo m cht lng
6. quality control kim tra cht lng
8. implication n.hm
9. after service dch v hu mi
10. technical service dch v k thut
11. contract n .hp ng
12. validate v lm cho c hiu lc
13. party n.bn hu quan
14. personnel n nhn vin
15. blue collar worker cng nhn
16. staff member thnh vin
17. quality policy chnh sch cht lng
18. grant v.cho php,chp nhn,cp
19. certificate n.chng ch
20. approval n s ph chun,duyt
21. authority n.c quan c thm quyn
22.whereby adv.nh
23. identify vt nhn ra,nhn bit,nhn dng
24. rectification n .s sa cha,s chnh li
25. for home use dng trong nc
26. supervision n.s gim st
27. the parties concerned cc bn hu quan
28. marine engineer k s hng hi
29. naval architect k s ng tu
30. inspector thanh tra vin
31. site architect k s ng tu ngoi hin trng
32. maker n . nh ch to
33. service engineer k s dch v
34. basic design thit k c bn
35 . detail design thit k chi tit
36. completion drawing bn v hon cng
37. working schedule tin sn xut
38. the critical path method(CPM) phng php ng ti hn,phng php ng Gantt
39. palletizing management qun l kiu pallet (khay,mm;ch yu trong qun l vt t)
40. register vt ng k
41. rules n.quy tc,lut l
42. regulation n .quy phm
43. classification society t chc phn cp,ng kim
44.IMO T Chc Hng Hi Quc T
45. SOLAS Cng c An Ton Sinh Mng trn Bin
46.Marpol Cng c Phng Chng Nhim Bin C

47. international authorities cc nh ng cc quc t

48. owner's representative i din ch tu
49.site supervisor nh gim st ng tu ngoi hin trng
50. station n. trm
51NK ng Kim Nht
52. LR ng Kim Anh
53. ABS ng Kim M
54. DNV ng Kim Na Uy
55. GL ng Kim c
56. register
ng k
57. surveyor n. thanh tra vin ng kim
58. arbitrate v. trng ti
59. dispute n. v. tranh chp
60. shop trial th ti phn xng
61. dock trial th ti c
62. sea trial th chy trn bin
63. deliver bn giao
64. delivery ceremony l bn giao
65. occasion n . dp,thi im mt s kin xy ra,l hi
Verb Phrases and Collocations
1. as for sb/sth cn nh , v phn ...,thng dng ni v ngi/vt g chu tc ng
no
2. the case with ...trong trng hp ca
3. keep to gi ly,bm ly,c theo...
4. to begin with bt u bng
5. from start to finish t u ti cui
6. extend to ko di ti
7. go into action i vo hnh ng
8. become validated tr nn c hiu lc
9. put extra emphasis on c bit nhn mnh vo
10. quality approval duyt y cht lng
11. to put it bluntly ni mt cch thng thng,huch tot
12. learn a lesson hc mt bi hc
13. on the working site tai hin trng cng tc
14. put forward t ra , ra
15. on the spot ti hin trng
16. have a close look at mt quan st k
17. with a critical eye vi con mt ph phn
18. to nod in approval gt u ng
19. break out bng pht
20. comply with tha mn vi
21. have the last word c li ni cui cng
BI 28-QUN L CHT LNG
Cuc canh tranh trn th gii ngy cng tr nn khc lit hn bao gi ht.c bit
trong cng nghip ng tu.Cn i vi mi mt doanh nghip,cht lng sn phm tr
nn c tnh cht sng cn m khng c ngoi l,v iu cng xy ra vi mt nh my

ng tu.Hn th na ,cht lng ca mt con tu c lin quan to ln ti s an ton ca

hnh khch v thuyn vin trn tu.Bi vy bt k nh my ng tu no u khng th
b qua vn cht lng ,mt vn sinh t ,nu n mun tn ti.
bt u vn ny,chng ta cn lm r mt s thut ng. l qun l cht
lng,bo m cht lng v kim tra cht lng vit tt ln lt l QM.QA v
QC.Trong QM l khi nim ln nht trong khi QC l mt khi nim kh nh ,c th v
c. trnh nhng s hiu lm khng cn thit,trong bi ny chng ta vn dng thut
ng c l QC.Xt v QC,u tin chng ta bt gp vi TQC c ngha l kim tra cht
lng ton b.Hm u tin ca TQC chnh l kim tra cht lng bao trm ton b
qu trnh sn xut t u ti cui ,ko di ti tn dch v hu mi haydch v k thut.V
d,vo khi hp ng mi c chp thun,TQC c tc ng ngay lp tc,khi hp ng c
hiu lc v c hai bn cng tho ra spec k thut ,cht lng c cp ti ngay
ri.Hm th hai ca TQC l n c lin quan ti mi ngi,k c cng nhn trc tip
.cn b k thut phn xng,cc thnh vin phng ban nh thit k,cung ng,gio dc
o to vn vn .
Vinashin lun lun nhn mnh ti vic qun l cht lng sn phm.Chnh sch
cht lng ca Vianshin l :Khai thng th trng bng sn phm thng thng ,thuyt
phc khch hng bng cht lng tt v dch v hu mi tn tnh .Bi vy ,mt s nh
my trong Tng Cng Ty ln lt nhn c chng ch cht lng theo ISO 9001 do
cc t chc hu quan cp .Thc ra,h thng ISO 9001 bn thn n khng ci thin c
cht lng sn phm nhng n to ra mt quy trnh qun l cht lng sn phm ,theo
,cht lng sn phm c theo di ti mi giai on cho nn c th xc nh c
nhng sai st v cht lng c th xy ra v phn hi v u ngun c th chnh l sa
cha li ht lng km cng nh rt ra nhng bi hc cn thit trong tng lai.Nu ng
mt con tu xut khu ,vn s phc tp hn ng mt con tu dng trong nc v
nhiu bn khc nhau cng tham gia vo vic gim st.Cc bn l:
1.Nh My ng Tu
V nh my ng tu,thng l phng thit k bao gm cc k s my v
v,phng kim tra cht lng m cc i din c gi l thanh tra vin,phng sn xut
iu hnh cc phn xng khc nhau m cc i din l cc k s hin trng c a
ngay xung ni lm vic ,phng cung ng ,phng k ton ...
Tr phng k ton ti v,tt c cc phng ban ni trn u c lin quan trc tip
ti cht lng ng tu . V d ,phng cung ng chu trch nhim mua sm cc vt t
v trang thit b cn thit v yu cu nh ch to c cc k s dch v ti gip vic lt
t cc thit b bn theo ng hp ng c lin quan.Cn v phng thit k,phi chu
trch nhim v thit k c bn v thit k chi tit cng nh nhng bn v hon cng v
cc thng tin hu quan.Ngoi ra ,n phi lun lun sn sng tr li cc vn k thut
t ra ngay ti ni sn xut.Vi phng sn xut,cng thng lun lun thuc v tin sn
xut v lun lun ni ti ng gng tc phng php con ng ti hn v phng
php qun l palt ,trong khi phng kim tra cht lng lun ti mi th lp t trn
tu vi mt con mt nhn ph phn.Tht kh c thanh tra cht lng gt u ng
.Bi vy,ci v lun xy ra gia k s hin trng v thanh tra cht lng.
2.Ch Tu .

Bt k mt con tu no u c ng k ti mt nc no v c ch
to,lp my v trang thit b t ch hay cung cp theo nhng lut l v quy phm mi
nht ca t chc ng kim.Ngoi ra ,con tu phi tha mn vi cc quy tc quc t hu
quan nh cc Ngh Quyt ca IMO,cc Cng c Solas,Marpol...Ch khi con tu tha
mn cc lut l quy phm ni trn ,nh my ng tu mi nhn c cc chng ch hu
quan ca ng kim v cc nh ng cc quc t. thc hin vic gim st vic ng
tu,ch tu hay ngi i din i khi c gi l ngi gim st hin trng s lp vn
phing ngay trong nh my.V,chng ta nn nh rng,ch tu ,vi hp ng trong tay,l
v vua ca nh my,l ngi lun lun c kt lun cui cng !
3.ng Kim.
C mt s ng kim ni ting trn th gii , l NK,LR,ABS,DNV,GL...C
quan ng kim c mi s gi ti nh my cc bn ng k ch to my diesel thy v
gi cc thanh tra vin ti gim st vic ng tu ,h lm vic trn c s hp ng.cc
spec v cc tiu chun hu quan.Ni tm li.ng kim nu thy cn thit s lm trng ti
gia ch tu v nh my mt khi tranh chp xy ra.Vic gim st ng tu bao gm vic
gim st vt liu,trang b ,bn v,vic ch to,th nghim v chy th trong c th
trong phn xng,th ti c v chy th trn bin.
Sau khi chy th thnh cng trn bin,con tu sn sng bn giao .Tt nhin,l
bn giao thc s l mt l hi to ln cho tt c cc bn hu quan,sau nhng ngy di y
tranh ci c lit ,nhng cuc tho lun nng m,vic hiu bit ln nhau v s hp tc tt
p,tt c h cng vui hng ly sm banh vi li h cn chn