C++

Practical
File

INDEX
S.No.
1.)
2.)
3.)
4.)
5.)
6.)
7.)
8.)
9.)
10.)
11.)
12.)
13.)
14.)
15.)
16.)
17.)
18.)
19.)
20.)
21.)
22.)
23.)
24.)
25.)

Practical
SQL (1)
SQL (2)
SQL (3)
SQL (4)
SQL (5)
Ascending Order
Menu
Class Publication
Merging of Arrays
Sum of Row and Column
Series 1
Series 2
Series 3
Series 4
Size of File
Searching of a Record in a File
Deletion of a Record in File
Selection Sort
Structure
Insertion in a Linked List
Deletion in a Linked List
Stack as Linked List
Static Stack
Queue as Linked List
Circular Queue

Sign

QUES- Given the following tables for a

DatabaseLIBRARY.
Table BOOKS
Book_I Bookna
d
me
F001 The Tears
F002
T001
T002
C001

Thunder
Bolts
My First
C++
C++
Brainwor
k
Fast Cook

Author_Na
me
William
Hopkins
Anna
Roberts
Brian &
Brooke
A.W.
Rossaine
LataKapoor

Publishe Pric
rs
e
First Publ. 750
First Publ.

700

EPB

250

Typ
e
FicTion
FicTion
Text

Qty

TDH

325

Text

EPB

350

Cook
-ery

10
5
10

Table ISSUED
Book_Id
F001
T001

Quantity Issued
3
1

C001

Write SQL queries for (a) to (f):

a) To show Book name, Author Name and Price of Books of EPB

Publishers.
Ans. SELECT Bookname from Books where Publisher = EPB;
b) To list the names of books of Fiction type.
Ans. SELECT Bookname from Books where type = Fiction;
c) To display the Names and Price of the books in descending
order of their Price.
Ans. SELECT Bookname, Price from Books Order by Price
DESC;
d) To increase the Price of all books of First Publ by 50.
Ans. UPDATE Books set Price = Price + 50 where Publisher =
First Publ;

e) To display the Bookid,Bookname and Quantity Issued for all

books which have been issued.
Ans. SELECT Book_Id, Bookname, Quantity Issued from Books,
COUNT(DISTINCT Publishers) Issued where
Books.Book_Id=Issued.Book_Id;
3
f) To insert a new row in the table Issued having the following
data : F002,4.
Ans. INSERT into Issued values(F002,4);

Give the output of the following queries

based on the above tables:
1) SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT Publishers) FROM Books;
Ans.
2) SELECT SUM(PRICE) FROM Books where Price<500;
SUM(Price)
1350

Ans.

3) SELECT Book_Name, Author_Name FROM Books

where Price<500;
Ans.

Bookname
My First C++
C++ Brainworks
Fast Cook

4) SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Books;

COUNT
5

Ans.

Author_name
Brian & Brooke
A.W. Rossaine
LataKapoor

QUES - Given the following tables for a

Database SHOP.
Table INTERIORS
S.N
o.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

ITEMNAM TYPE DATE OF

E
STOCK
Red Rose Doubl 23/02/02
e Bed
Soft Touch Baby 20/11/02
Cot
Jerrys
Baby 19/02/02
House
Cot
Rough
Office 01/01/02
Wood
Table
Comfort
Doubl 12/01/02
Zone
e Bed
Jerry Look Baby 24/02/02
Cot
Lion King
Office 20/02/02
Table
Royal Tiger Sofa
22/02/02
Park
Sofa 13/12/01
Sitting
Dine
Dinin 19/02/02
Paradise
g
Table

PRIC
E
32000

DISCOU
NT
15

9000

10

8500

10

20000

20

15000

20

7000

19

16000

20

30000
9000

25
15

11000

15

Table NEWONES
S.N
o.
11

ITEMNA
ME

TYPE

12

White
Double
Wood
Bed
James 007
Sofa

13

Tom Look

Baby
Cot

DATE
OF
STOCK
23/02/0
2
20/02/0
3
21/02/0
3

queries for (a) to (f):

PRIC
E

DISCOU
NT

2000
0
1500
0
7000

20
15
10

Write
SQL

a) To list the ITEMNAME which are priced at more than 1000

from INTERIORS table.
Ans. SELECT ITEMNAME from INTERIORS where price>1000;
b) To list ITEMNAME and TYPE of those items in which DATE OF
STOCK is before 22/01/02 from INTERIORS Table in descending
order of ITEMNAME.
Ans. SELECT ITEMNAME, TYPE from INTERIORS where DATE OF
STOCK<{22/01/01} order by ITEMNAME desc;
c) To show all information about the Sofas from the INTERIORS
table .
Ans. SELECT * from INTERIORS where TYPE = Sofa;
d) To display ITEMNAME and DATE OF STOCK of those items in
which the discount percentage is more than 15 from INTERIORS
table.
Ans. SELECT ITEMNAME, DATE OF STOCK from INTERIORS
where DISCOUNT>15;
e) To count the number of items, whose type is Double
Bedfrom INTERIORS table.
Ans. SELECT COUNT(*) from INTERIORS where TYPE=Double
Bed ;
f) To insert a new row in the NEWONES table with the following
data :
14, True India, Office Table, 23/03/03, 15000, 20.
Ans. INSERT into NEWONES VALUES (14, True Indian,Office
Table, 28/08/03, 15000, 20) ;

Give the output of the following queries based on

the above tables:
1) SELECT COUNT (DISTINCT TYPE) from Interiors;
COUNT (DISTINCT TYPE)
5

Ans.

2) SELECT AVG (DISCOUNT) from Interiors where TYPE =Baby

Cot;
AVG (DISCOUNT)
13

Ans.

3) SELECT SUM (PRICE) from Interiors where DATE OF

STOCK<{12/02/02};
SUM (PRICE)
44000

Ans.

4) SELECT MAX (PRICE) from Interiors, Newones ;

MAX (PRICE)
32000

Ans.

QUES- Given the following tables for a

Database SPORTS.
Table SPORTS
Stude
ntNo.

Clas
s

10

11
12
13
14

8
7
7
9

15

10

Name

Game 1

Samm
Cricket
er
Sujit
Tennis
Kamal Swimming
Venna
Tennis
Arehan Basketball
a
Arpit
Cricket

Grade Game 2
B

Grade
2

A
B
C
A

Swimming
Skating
Football
Tennis
Cricket

A
C
B
A
A

Athletics

Write SQL queries for (a) to (g):

a) Display the names of the students who have grade C in
either Game 1 or Game 2 or both.
Ans. SELECT Name from Sports where Grade = C or Grade 2=
C ;
b) Display the numbers of students getting A in Cricket.
Ans. SELECT Count (*) from Sports where Game 1 =Cricket
and Grade = A or Game 2 = Cricket and Grade 2 = A ;
c) Display the names of students who have same game for
Game 1 and Game 2.
Ans. SELECT Name from Sports where Game 1 = Game 2;
d) Display the games taken up by the students, whose name
starts with A.
Ans. SELECT Name, Game 1, Game 2 from Sports where Name
= A%;
e) Assign a value 200 for Marks for all those who are getting
grade B or grade A in both game 1 or game 2.
Ans. UPDATE Sports set Marks = 200 where Game 1 in (A,B)
and Game 2 in (A, B);
f) Arrange the whole table in the alphabetical order of Name.
Ans. SELECT * from Sports order by Name;
g) Add new column named Marks.

Ans. ALTER TABLE Sports add (Marks number);

QUES - Given the following tables for a

Database EMPLOYEE.
Table EMPLOYEE
Eid

Name

Deptid

1
2
3
4
5
6

Deepali Gupta
RajatTyagi
Hari Mohan
Harry
Sumit Mittal
Jyoti

101
101
102
102
103
101

Qualificati
on
M.C.A.
B.C.A.
B.A.
M.A.
B.Tech.
M.Tech.

Sex
F
M
M
M
M
F

Table SALARY
Eid
1
2
3
4
5
6

Basic
6000
2000
1000
1500
8000
10000

D.A.
2000
300
300
390
900
300

H.R.A.
2300
300
300
490
900
490

Bonus
200
30
40
30
80
89

Write SQL queries for (a) to (d) :

a) To display the frequency of employees department wise.
Ans. SELECT Count (*) from Employee group by Department;
b) To display the names of those employees whose names start
with H.
Ans. SELECT Name from Employee where Name = H%;
c) To add a new column in Salary table. The column name is
total_sal.
Ans. ALTER TABLE Salary add (total_sal number (5));
d) To store the corresponding values in the total_sal column.
Ans. UPDATE Salary set total_sal = Basic + D.A. + H.R.A.
+Bonus;

Give the output of the following queries based on

the above tables:
1) SELECT Name from Employee where Eid = (SELECT Eid
from Salary where Basic = (SELECT MAX (Basic) from Salary));

Name
Jyoti (*)
COUNT

Ans.
Sex
2
F
4
M
MAX (Basic)
10000
Ans.

2) SELECT MAX (Basic) from Salary

where Bonus>40;

3) SELECT COUNT (*) from Employee GROUP BY Sex;

Ans.

4) SELECT DISTINCT Deptid from Employee;

DISTINCT Deptid
101
102
103

Ans.

QUES - Given the following tables for a

Database HOSPITAL.
Table HOSPITAL
N Name Ag Departme Date of
o.
e
nt
Adm
1 Sandee 65
Surgery
23/02/98
p
2 Ravina 24 Orthopedic 20/01/98
3
Karan 45 Orthopedic 19/02/98
4
Tarun
12
Surgery
01/01/98
5
Zubin 36
E.N.T.
12/01/98
6
Ketaki 16
E.N.T.
24/02/98
7
Leena 29 Cardiology 20/02/98
8 Zareen 45 Gynecology 22/02/98
9
Kush
19 Gynecology 13/01/98
10 Shailya 31
Nuclear
19/02/98
Medicine

Charg
es
300

Se
x
M

200
200
300
250
300
800
300
800
400

F
M
M
M
F
F
F
M
F

Write SQL queries for (a) to (f) :

a) To show all information about the patients of Cardiology
Department.
Ans. SELECT * from Hospital where Department =Cardiology;
b) To list the names of Female patients who are inOrthopedic
department.
Ans. SELECT Name from Hospital where Sex = F and
Department = Orthopedic;
c) To list names of all patients with their dates of admission in
ascending order.
Ans. SELECT Name, Date of Adm from Hospital order by Date of
Adm;
d) To display patients Name, Charges, Age for Male patients
only.
Ans. SELECT Name, Charges, Age from Hospital where Sex
=M;
e) To count the number of patients with Age greater than 30.
Ans. SELECT COUNT (*) from Hospital where Age>30;

f) To insert a new row in the Hospital table with the following

data :
11, Nipan, 26, E.N.T., 25/02/98, 50, M.
Ans. INSERT into Hospital values (11, Nipan, 26,
E.N.T.,25/02/98, 50,M);

AVG (Charges)
400

Give the output of the following

queries based on the above tables:

1) SELECT COUNT (DISTINCT Department) from

COUNT (DISTINCT Department) Hospital;
6
Ans.
2) SELECT MAX (AGE) from Hospital where Sex = M;
MAX (AGE)
Ans.
65

3) SELECT AVG (Charges) from Hospital where Sex = F;

Ans.
4) SELECT SUM (Charges) from hospital where Date of Adm<
2/08/98;
SUM (Charges)
3850

Ans.

QUES . Write a Program to accept an Array and print it in

Ascending Order.
Ans.
#include<iostream.h>
void main()
{ int i,j,t;
int a[10];
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
cin>>a[i];
for(j=0;j<10;j++)
{for(i=0;i<10;i++)
if(x[i]>x[i+1])
{t=x[i];
x[i]=x[i+1];
x[i+1]=t;
}
}
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
cout<<x[i];
}

QUES Write a Menu Driven Program to implement

Addition, Subtraction and Multiplication to Arrays.
Ans.
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<process.h>
int i,j,k,x[3][3],y[3][3];
void add()
{int a[3][3];
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{for(j=0;j<3;j++)
a[i][j]=x[i][j]+y[i][j];
}
cout<<"The Added Matrices is \n";
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{cout<<a[i][j]<<" ";
}
cout<<endl;
}
}
void subtract()
{int b[3][3];
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{for(j=0;j<3;j++)
b[i][j]=x[i][j]-y[i][j];
}
cout<<"The Subtracted Matrices is \n";
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{cout<<b[i][j]<<" ";
}
cout<<endl;
}
}
void multiply()
{int c[3][3];
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{for(j=0;j<3;j++)

{for(k=0;k<3;k++)
c[i][j]=x[i][k]*y[k][j];
}
}
cout<<"The Product of Matrices is \n";
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{cout<<c[i][j]<<" ";
}
cout<<endl;
}
}
void menu()
{clrscr();
cout<<"MENU\n";
cout<<"Enter the choice\n";
cout<<"1.Add Matrices\n2.Subtract Matrices\n3.Multiply
Matrices\n4.Exit\n";
int n;
cin>>n;
switch(n)
{case 1:add();
break;
case 2:subtract();
break;
case 3:multiply();
break;
case 4:exit(0);
default:cout<<"Wrong Choice";
break;
}
}
void main()
{clrscr();
cout<<"Enter Matrices\n";
cout<<"Enter the 1st Matrice\n";
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{for(j=0;j<3;j++)
cin>>x[i][j];
}
cout<<"Enter the 2nd Matrice\n";
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{for(j=0;j<3;j++)
cin>>y[i][j];
}
cout<<"\n";

menu();
getch();
}

QUES : Write a Class with the following specification:

PRIVATE MEMBERS
Title as Title of the Book
Price as Price of the Book

PUBLIC MEMBERS

Function getdata() to accept Data

Function putdata() to display Data

Ans.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
class publication
{char title[25][10];
float price[10];
public:
int n;
void getdata();
void putdata();
}a;
void publication::putdata()
{cout<<"\nData-->";
for(int j=0;j<n;j++)
{cout<<"\nBook-"<<j+1;
cout<<"\nTitle-"<<title[j];
cout<<"\nPrice-"<<price[j];
}
}
void publication::getdata()
{cout<<"Enter the Data";
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{cout<<"\nBook-"<<i+1;
cout<<"\nTitle-";
gets(title[i]);
cout<<"\nPrice-";
cin>>price[i];
}
}
void main()
{clrscr();
cout<<"\nNo. of Books ";

cin>>a.n;
a.getdata();
a.putdata();
getch();}

QUES Write a Program to Merge two Arrays?

Ans.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void merge(int a[50],int m,int b[50],int n,int c[50])
{int x,y,z;
for(x=0,y=n-1,z=0;x<m&&y>=0;)
{if(a[x]<=b[y])
c[z++]=a[x++];
else
c[z++]=b[y--];
}
if(n>m)
{while(n>m)
c[z++]=a[x++];
}
else
{while(b>=0)
c[z++]=b[y--];
}
}
void main()
{int a[50],b[50],c[50],mn=0,m,n,i;
cout<<"Enter the size of 1st array - \n";
cin>>m;
cout<<"Enter 1st array element in ascending order - \n";
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
cin>>a[i];
cout<<"Enter 2nd array - \n";
cin>>n;
mn=m+n;
cout<<"Enter 2nd array element in descending order - \n";
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
cin>>b[i];
merge(a,m,b,n,c);
cout<<"In the merged array B shown : \n";
for(i=0;i<mn;i++)
cout<<c[i];
cout<<"\n";
}

QUES Write a Program to calculate the Sum of Row and

Column of Array?

Ans.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{clrscr();
int i,j,a[3][3],r=0,c=0;
cout<<"Enter the Matrice";
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{for(j=0;j<3;j++)
cin>>a[i][j];
}
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{i=0;r=0;
r+=a[i][j];
cout<<"The sum of row "<<"is "<<r<<"\n";
i++;
}
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{j=0;c=0;
c+=a[i][j];
cout<<"The sum of column "<<"is "<<c<<"\n";
j++;
}
getch();
}

Ques. WAP to print the result for the following series :

12+22+32+42+.+n2

Ans.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
clrscr ();
inta,b=0,i;
cout<<"Enter the value of n \n";
cin>>a;
for (i=1;i<=a;i++)
b+=pow(i,2);
cout<<b;
getch();
}

Ques. WAP to print the result of the following series:

x+x/2!+x/3!......+x/n!
Ans.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{ clrscr ();
floata,b,c,d=1,e=0;
cout<<"To print the series: x+x/2!+x/3!......+x/n!\n"<<"Enter
the values of x and n \n" ;
cin>>a>>b;
for (c=1;c<=b;c++)
{d*=c;
e+=a/d;
}
cout<<e;
getch();
}

Ques. WAP to print the following series : x+x2/2!+x3/3!.....

+xn/n!

Ans.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
void main ()
{
clrscr ();
cout<<"Enter the value of x \n";
floatx,z,v=-1,d=0;
cin>>x;
cin>>n;
int a=0;
for (z=1;z<=n;z++)
{
a=y*pow(x,z);
v*=z;
d+=a/v;}
cout<<d;
getch ();
}

Ques. WAP to print the result of the following series :1/x3!/x3+5!/x5......n!/xn

Ans.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
void main ()
{clrscr ();
Float x,n,c,d=1,e,f=1,g;
cout<<"Enter the value of x and n\n";
cin>>x>>n;
g=x;
for (c=1;c<=n;c=c+2)
{ d*=-1;
e=d*pow(x,c);
f*=c*(c-1);
g+=f/e;}
cout<<g;
getch ();
}

QUES Write a Program to calculate the Size of File?

Ans.
#include<fstream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{clrscr();
char filename[20];
cout<<"Enter filename: \n";
gets(filename);
ifstream fin("size.txt",ios::in|ios::ate);
while(fin.eof())
{long bytes=fin.tellg();
cout<<"File Size is: "<<bytes<<"Bytes";
}
getch();
}

QUES Write a Program to Search a Record in File?

Ans.
#include<fstream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
class student
{int age;
char name[20];
public:
void getname()
{cout<<"Enter Name \n";
gets(name);
}
void getage()
{ cout<<"Enter Age \n";
cin>>age;
}
void putdata()
{cout<<"Name: "<<name<<"\nAge: "<<age;
}
char sname()(return name;}
}s;
void main()
{clrscr();
ifstream fin("student.txt");
char code[50];
gets(code);
s.getname();
s.getage();
while(fin.eof())
{fin.read((char*)&s,sizeof(s));
if(strcmp(s.sname(),code))
{s.putdata();
break;
}
if(strcmp(s.sname()!,code))
cout<<"The entered Age is invalid";
}
fin.close();
}

QUES Write a Program to Delete a Record in a File?

Ans.
#include<fstream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
class student
{int age;
char name[20];
public:
void getdata()
{cout<<"Enter Name \n";
gets(name);
cout<<"Enter Age \n";
cin>>age;
}
void putdata()
{cout<<"Name: "<<name<<"\nAge: "<<age;
}
}s;
void main()
{clrscr();
ifstream fin("student.txt");
ofstream fout("temp.txt");
int code;
cin>>code;
s.getdata();
while(fin.eof())
{fin.read((char*)&s,sizeof(s));
}
fin.close();
fout.close();
remove("student.txt");
rename("temp.txt","student.txt");
getch();
}

QUES Write a Program to implicate Selection Sort on an

Array?

Ans.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{clrscr();
int i,j,min,minat,temp,a[10];
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
cin>>a[i];
for(i=0;i<(10-1);i++)
{minat=i;
min=a[i];
for(j=i+1;j<10;j++)
{if(min>a[j])
{minat=j;
min=a[j];
}
}
temp=a[i];
a[i]=a[minat];
a[minat]=temp;
}
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
cout<<a[i];
getch(); }

QUES Write a Structure Student with Name and Marks and

Display the Details in Decreasing Order?

Ans.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
struct student
{int marks,roll_no;
char name[40];
}s[100];
void main()
{clrscr();
student s1;
cout<<"Enter no. of students\n";
int n;
cin>>n;
cout<<"Enter Details";
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{cout<<"\nStudent-->"<<i+1;
cout<<"\nName-->";
gets(s[i].name);
cout<<"\nRoll No.-->";
cin>>s[i].roll_no;
cout<<"\nMarks";
cin>>s[i].marks;
}
for(int j=0;j<n;j++)
{for(i=0;i<n;i++)
if(s[i].marks<s[i+1].marks)
{s1=s[i];
s[i]=s[i+1];
s[i+1]=s1;
}
}
cout<<"Result in Decreasing order";
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{cout<<"\nName-->"<<s[i].name;
cout<<"\nRoll No.-->"<<s[i].roll_no;
cout<<"\nMarks-->"<<s[i].marks;
}
getch();
}

QUES Write a Function to Insert a Node in Linked List?

Ans.
#include<iostream.h>
void insert()
{clrscr();
if(head==NULL)
{s *temp=new s;
cout<<"\nEnter ID : ";
cin>>temp->id;
cout<<"\nEnter Gpa : ";
cin>>temp->gpa;
temp->next=NULL;
head=temp;
}
else
{s *temp=new s;
cout<<"\nEnter ID : ";
cin>>temp->id;
cout<<"\nEnter Gpa : ";
cin>>temp->gpa;
temp->next=NULL;
s *temp1=head;
while(temp1->next!=NULL)
{
temp1=temp1->next;
}
temp1->next=temp;
}

QUES Write a Function to delete a node in a Linked List?

Ans.
#include<iostream.h>
void delete()
{clrscr();
s *temp=head;
int no;
cout<<"\n\nEnter ID To Be Deleted : ";
cin>>no;
while(temp!=NULL)
{
if(head->id==no)
head=head->next;
else if(temp->id==no)
temp=temp->next;
}
}

QUES Write a Program to implement Stack as a Linked List?

Ans.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<process.h>
#include<stdio.h>
struct node
{char name[20];
int age;
node *link;
}*ptr=NULL,*save=NULL;
class stack
{node *top;
public:
stack()
{top=NULL;
}
void stackpush();
void stackpop();
void display();
}st;
void stack::stackpush()
{ptr=new node;
if(ptr==NULL)
{cout<<"ERROR.... ";
}
else
{
cout<<"Enter the name ";
gets(ptr->name);
cout<<"Enter the age ";
cin>>ptr->age;
ptr->link=NULL;
if(top==NULL)
{top=ptr;
}
else
{ptr->link=top;
top=ptr;
}
}
}
void stack::stackpop()
{if(top==NULL)
{cout<<"Underflow ";
}

else
{save=top;
top=top->link;
cout<<"Name ";
puts(save->name);
cout<<"Age "<<save->age;
delete save;
}
}
void stack::display()
{if(top==NULL)
{cout<<"No elements.."<<endl;
}
else
{ptr=top;
while(ptr!=NULL)
{cout<<"\nName ";
puts(ptr->name);
cout<<"Age "<<ptr->age;
ptr=ptr->link;
}
}
}
void main()
{clrscr();
int ch;
X:
cout<<"\nEnter your
choice\n1.Insert\n2.Delete\n3.Display\n4.Exit\n";
cin>>ch;
switch(ch)
{case 1:st.stackpush();
goto X;
case 2:st.stackpop();
goto X;
case 3:st.display();
goto X;
default:cout<<"Wrong choice ";
goto X;
case 4:exit(0);
}
getch(); }

QUES Write a Program to implicate Static Stack?

Ans.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<process.h>
void main()
{
clrscr();
int ch,i,top=-1,stack[5];
x:
cout<<endl<<endl;
cout<<"Enter Choice 1> Insert 2> Delete 3>exit "<<endl;
cin>>ch;
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
top++;
if(top<=4)
{
cout<<"Enter The Element"<<endl;
cin>>stack[top];
cout<<"The Stack is"<<endl;
for(i=0;i<=top;i++)
cout<<stack[i]<<"--> ";
goto x;
}
else
{
cout<<" ************* Stack OVERFLOW ********** "<<endl;
goto x;}
case 2:
if(top>=0)
{
top--;
cout<<"Stack is"<<endl;
for(i=0;i<=top;i++)
cout<<stack[i]<<" -> ";
goto x;
}
else
{
cout<<"************** Stack UNDER FLOW ***********"<<endl;
goto x;
}
case 3:
exit(0);
default :

cout<<"WRONG CHOICE !!!!!!!!!!! "<<endl;

goto x;
}
}

QUES Write a Program to implicate Queue as a Linked List?

Ans.
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>

#include<process.h>
void main()
{
clrscr();
int ch,i,rear=-1,front=-1,queue[10];
x:
cout<<endl<<endl;
cout<<"Enter Choice 1> Insert 2> Delete 3>exit "<<endl;
cin>>ch;
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
if(front==-1)
{front=0;}
rear++;
if(rear<=9)
{cout<<"Enter The Element"<<endl;
cin>>queue[rear];
cout<<"Queue is"<<endl;
for(i=0;i<=rear;i++)
{cout<<queue[i];}
}
else
{cout<<"****************QUEUE OVERFLOW****************";
}
goto x;
case 2:
if(rear==-1)
{rear=0;}
if(front==-1)
{cout<<"*************** UNDER FLOW **********"<<endl;goto
x;}
else
if(rear==front)
{queue[front]='\o';
front=-1;
rear=-1;
goto x;
}
else
{queue[front]='\o';
front++;
}

cout<<"Queue is"<<endl;
for(i=0;i<=rear;i++)
{cout<<queue[i];}
goto x;
case 3:
exit(0);
default :
goto x; }}

QUES Write a Program to implicate Circular Queue?

Ans.
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>

#include<process.h>
class queue
{int data[10];
int front,rear;
public:
queue()
{front=-1;
rear=-1;
}
void add();
void remove();
void display();
};
void queue::add()
{if((rear+1==front)||(rear==9&&front==0))
{cout<<"Overflow ";
}
else
{if((rear==-1) &&(front==-1))
{rear=0;
front=0;
}
else if(rear==9)
{rear=0;
}
else
{rear++;
}
cout<<"Enter the element ";
cin>>data[rear];
}
}
void queue::remove()
{if(front==-1&&rear==-1)
{cout<<"Underflow ";
}
else
{if(front==9)
{front=0;
}
else if(front==rear)
{front=-1;
rear=-1;

}
else
{front++;
}
}
}
void queue::display()
{int i=0,n=9;
if(rear==-1)
{cout<<"No elements.."<<endl;
}
else
{ if(rear>front)
{for(i=0;i<front;i++)
{cout<<"_";
}
for(i=front;i<=rear;i++)
{cout<<data[i];
}
for(i=rear+1;i<n;i++)
{cout<<"_";
}
}
else
{for(i=0;i<=rear;i++)
{cout<<data[i];
}
for(i=rear+1;i<front;i++)
{cout<<"_";
}
for(i=front;i<n;i++)
{cout<<data[i];
}
}}
}
void main()
{clrscr();
int ch;
queue queue;
X:
cout<<"\nEnter your
choice\n1.Insert\n2.Delete\n3.Display\n4.Exit\n";
cin>>ch;
switch(ch)

{case 1:queue.add();
goto X;
case 2:queue.remove();
goto X;
case 3:queue.display();
goto X;
case 4:exit(0);
}
getch();
}