Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PR2600 2015-2016 Syllabus PDF
PR2600 2015-2016 Syllabus PDF
Uploaded by
MacaMartinOriginal Description:
Original Title
Copyright
Available Formats
Share this document
Did you find this document useful?
Is this content inappropriate?
Report this DocumentCopyright:
Available Formats
PR2600 2015-2016 Syllabus PDF
PR2600 2015-2016 Syllabus PDF
Uploaded by
MacaMartinCopyright:
Available Formats
Introduction
to
Political
Communication
PR2600
Course Syllabus and Reading List
Lecturer: Dr. Cristian Vaccari
2015-2016
Websites:
http://moodle.rhul.ac.uk
http://newpolcom.rhul.ac.uk
Twitter:
@25lettori
#intropolcom
Course Contents
Lecture
1:
Introduction
to
the
Course
Lecture
2:
Democracy
and
the
Media
Lecture
3:
Media
as
Political
Actors
Lecture
4:
Political
News
Lecture
5:
News
Management
and
Political
Public
Relations
Lecture
6:
The
Audience
for
Political
News
Lecture
7:
Comparing
Media
Systems
I:
Features
and
Models
Lecture
8:
Comparing
Media
Systems
II:
Differences
that
Make
a
Difference
Lecture
9:
Journalistic
Objectivity
and
its
Discontents
Lecture
10:
Popular
Politics
and
Intimate
Politics
Lecture
11:
Strategy
in
Election
Campaigns
Lecture
12:
Organization,
Technology
and
Resources
in
Election
Campaigns
Lecture
13:
The
Conditions
for
Political
Persuasion
Lecture
14:
The
Framing
and
Counter-Framing
of
Political
Messages
Lecture
15:
Political
Advertising
Lecture
16:
The
2015
UK
General
Election
Lecture
17:
The
Effects
of
Political
Communication
Lecture
18:
Political
Communication
in
a
Globalizing
World
Lecture
19:
Campaign
Ethics
Lecture
20:
Conclusions:
Political
Communication
and
the
Quality
of
Democracy
Important Facts
Coursework
Deadlines:
Essay
1:
Monday
December
7th
2015
marks
to
be
returned
by
December
28th
Essay
2:
Monday
March
14th
2016
marks
to
be
returned
by
April
4th
Assessments:
Two
essays:
25%
each
Three-hour
unseen
examination:
50%
The
first
thing
you
should
read
for
this
course
is
this
booklet,
in
its
entirety.
It
contains
much
useful
information
which
will
help
you
to
navigate
your
way
through
the
course.
1. About the Course
The
purpose
of
this
course
is
to
provide
students
with
a
broad
overview
of
how
citizens,
politicians
and
the
media
interact
across
Western
democracies
during
both
electoral
and
governing
periods.
While
the
course
will
cover
key
aspects
of
political
communication
in
the
United
Kingdom,
the
focus
will
be
mostly
comparative.
The
first
part
of
the
course
will
focus
on
the
production
and
consumption
of
political
news,
while
the
second
part
will
address
election
campaigns
and
their
effects
as
well
as
focusing
on
contemporary
debates
in
political
communication,
including
ethical
issues.
There
will
be
weekly,
one
hour
lectures
and
weekly,
one
hour
seminars.
One
of
the
lectures
will
be
replaced
by
your
individual
viewing
of
a
documentary
film,
for
discussion
in
the
seminar.
Reading
weeks
will
fall
in
week
six
of
the
Autumn
and
Spring
terms.
Each
student
will
be
expected
to
attend
the
lectures
and
prepare
for
the
seminars
by
reading
from
among
and
beyond
the
suggested
reading.
Seminars
will
be
based
upon
practical
activities
and
exercises
as
well
as
open
discussion
of
the
topics
of
the
week.
Some
course
materials
will
be
provided
via
the
Internet.
ATTENDANCE
AT
ALL
SEMINARS
IS
COMPULSORY.
See
the
Departments
Student
Undergraduate
Handbook
for
important
information
on
attendance
requirements
and
disciplinary
action
that
can
result
from
failure
to
attend.
2. Teaching Staff
Cristian
Vaccari,
Lecturer
in
Politics
Room:
FW115
Office
hours:
Monday,
3-4PM
and
Tuesday,
4-5
PM.
NOTE:
On
weeks
1
and
2
there
will
be
no
visiting
hours
on
Tuesday.
There
will
be
no
visiting
hours
during
Reading
Weeks.
If
you
want
to
see
me
outside
term,
please
send
me
an
email
to
schedule
an
appointment.
E-mail:
cristian.vaccari@rhul.ac.uk
Twitter:
@25lettori
RHUL
webpage:
https://pure.royalholloway.ac.uk/portal/en/persons/cristian-
vaccari(45794463-2310-4a97-87db-8b2f2bca0dcf).html
Google
Scholar
profile:
http://scholar.google.com/citations?user=3_TethEAAAAJ&hl=en
Research
project
website:
http://www.webpoleu.net/
New
Political
Communication
Unit
website:
http://newpolcom.rhul.ac.uk/
Nikki
Soo,
Ph.D.
candidate
E-mail:
Nikki.Soo.2011@live.rhul.ac.uk
Twitter:
@sniksw
Office
hours:
Monday,
2-3PM
RHUL
webpage:
http://pure.rhul.ac.uk/portal/en/persons/nikki-soo%28b2eefcc1-bae8-
4d96-924b-d7933eb0ab41%29.html
3. Course Objectives and Learning Outcomes
At
the
end
of
this
course
a
typical
student
should
be
able
to:
(a)
subject
specific
Critically
evaluate
the
role
of
political
communication
for
the
quality
of
democracy
Appreciate
the
differences
that
exist
in
media-politics
relationships
across
the
Western
world
and
assess
their
impact
on
citizenship
and
political
action
Understand
the
changes
that
are
taking
place
in
media
systems
and
election
campaigns
in
the
UK
and
elsewhere,
particularly
with
respect
to
the
role
of
digital
media
Comprehend
the
professions,
tools,
conducts,
and
ethics
of
contemporary
campaigns
Evaluate
the
scope
and
limits
of
the
effects
of
political
communication
messages
(b)
generic
Critically
analyse
texts
Communicate
clearly
and
construct
coherent
arguments,
both
in
seminars
and
in
written
work
Adapt
knowledge
to
specific
contexts
and
types
of
social
actors
Understand
the
role
context
plays
in
shaping
social
and
political
dynamics
(c)
students
will
have
developed
the
following
key
skills
Taking
part
in
group
discussions
Working
in
small
groups
Producing
written
material
in
the
form
of
essays
Problem-solving
and
scenario-building
Effectively
engaging
in
online
discussion
and
dissemination
of
contents
Time
management
and
self-organization
4. Course Work and Assessment
Non-assessed coursework: seminar participation
You are required to attend all seminars and to actively participate in the activities the
seminars will feature. These include small-group exercises, discussion of relevant cases, and
writing workshops. I will announce details of the activities that require preparation before
class in due advance. To be able to actively and effectively participate in the seminars, you
must have read at least the core readings for each week.
You are also encouraged to bring in news stories you think relevant to class. These may be
current news or past news that are still available online, and may come from anywhere in the
world. Share these materials using the #intropolcom hashtag on Twitter and the forum on
Moodle. We will then use these as materials for seminar discussion.
During both lectures and seminars, use of mobile phones and smartphones is prohibited.
There will be no exceptions. Scientific research shows that increased cell phone use is
associated with decreased academic performance, i.e., lower marks. See Lepp, A., Barkley, J. E.,
& Karpinski, A. C. (2015). The Relationship Between Cell Phone Use and Academic
Performance in a Sample of US College Students. SAGE Open, 5(1), 2158244015573169.
Assessed coursework: two essays (worth 25% each)
You are required to write two assessed essays, each of up to 2,000 words in length and each
counting for 25% of the total possible mark. Questions are to be taken from those listed
under
each
subject
heading.
Questions
may
be
written
on
subjects
other
than
these,
but
only
after
consultation
with
me.
For
your
first
essay,
you
should
choose
questions
only
from
weeks
2-10;
for
your
second
essay,
you
should
choose
questions
only
from
weeks
11-19.
You
should
start
to
plan
and
research
your
essays
well
ahead
of
time.
Essays
should
be
treated
as
an
answer
to
a
question
and
a
reflection
on
its
possible
implications,
an
argument
rather
than
a
simple
factual
description
of
a
topic.
I
don't
expect
essays
to
be
comprehensive
factual
accounts
of
a
topic:
in
2,000
words,
they
couldn't
be.
What
I
look
for
is
evidence
of
knowledge
and
understanding,
but
even
more
important,
the
ability
to
think
critically
and
imaginatively
about
the
question
asked
on
the
basis
of
such
knowledge
and
understanding.
When
we
have
marked
your
essay,
it
will
be
returned
via
Moodle
with
an
Essay
Assessment
Sheet,
detailing
the
strengths
and
weaknesses
of
your
work.
Please
note
that
no
member
of
the
teaching
staff
will
provide
feedback
on
draft
essays
or
essay
outlines,
whether
by
email
or
in
person.
If
you
have
specific
questions
on
how
to
structure
your
essay,
how
to
address
a
question,
or
how
to
interpret
some
theory
or
empirical
evidence
in
the
readings,
you
should
come
to
our
office
hours
to
discuss
them.
Final
assessment:
examination
(worth
50%
overall)
A
three
hour,
unseen,
written
examination
taken
in
the
summer
term
will
count
for
50%
of
the
total
possible
mark.
Each
student
will
be
required
to
write
essays
in
answer
to
two
questions
chosen
from
a
list
of
eight.
A
specimen
examination
paper
is
attached
at
the
end
of
this
syllabus.
Essay
deadlines
are
as
follows:
Essay
1:
Monday
December
7th
2015
marks
to
be
returned
by
December
28th
Essay
2:
Monday
March
14th
2016
marks
to
be
returned
by
April
4th
Upload
one
digital
copy
of
your
essay
to
Turnitin
by
9AM
and
submit
one
hard
copy
to
me
or
the
NET
at
the
beginning
of
the
weeks
seminar
by
4PM
or
5PM
according
to
the
group
you
are
in.
Essay
Assessment
Criteria
Below
are
listed
the
general
criteria
that
I
will
be
using
when
I
mark
your
essays.
Please
bear
them
in
mind
when
you
prepare
your
written
work:
Interpretation
of
question
and
introduction
Subject
relevance
Logical
development
Insight
and
originality
Critical
analysis
Use
of
sources
Use
of
evidence
Presentation
of
references
Spelling
Grammar
Punctuation
Style
and
'readability'
Study
Resources
and
Essay
Writing
Guide
Royal
Holloway
has
put
together
some
very
useful
resources
to
help
you
organize
your
study
and
write
clear
and
compelling
essays.
Take
a
look
at
http://www.rhul.ac.uk/ecampus/academicsupport/studyresources.aspx
Mind
Maps
Mind
maps
are
a
useful
tool
to
organize
the
concepts
and
main
arguments
of
the
course.
I
encourage
you
to
get
familiar
with
them
if
you
do
not
know
them.
An
essential
guide
on
how
to
use
mind
mapping
can
be
found
at
http://www.mind-mapping.co.uk/mind-mapping-
information-and-advice/how-to-make-a-mind-map/,
a
free
online
course
by
the
company
started
by
the
inventor
of
mind
maps
can
be
found
at
http://thinkbuzan.com/how-to-mind-
map/,
and
a
simple
video
on
how
to
create
a
mind
map
can
be
found
at
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wLWV0XN7K1g.
There
are
various
pieces
of
software,
mostly
available
for
a
modicum
price,
that
facilitate
drawing
mind
maps
with
your
computer,
tablet,
or
smartphone.
Alternatively,
you
can
draw
your
mind
maps
with
paper
and
pencils.
Below
is
a
very
basic
mind
map
of
all
the
topic
of
the
course.
NOTE:
before
each
lecture,
I
will
try
to
post
a
mind
map
summarizing
the
main
topics
of
the
week
on
Moodle.
You
can
use
this
mind
map
to
follow
my
lecture
and
take
notes.
Make
sure
to
log
on
to
Moodle
in
the
morning
when
a
lecture
is
going
to
take
place
to
download
the
mind
map.
How
to
Write
Essays
for
this
Course1
Start
by
making
an
outline
for
your
essay.
Do
not
begin
to
write
until
your
outline
is
fully
formulated.
Plan
your
essay
to
be
divided
in
three
parts:
1) Introduction.
This
should
contain:
a. A
clear
explanation
of
your
thesis,
or
main
argument,
and
of
the
case
that
you
are
going
to
make
to
support
it.
Make
sure
your
essay
is
based
on
one
main
point
from
which
everything
else
follows.
Do
not
begin
to
write
your
essay
until
you
can
state
your
argument
in
a
single
declarative
sentence.
Your
argument
should
be
introduced
in
your
introduction,
not
in
your
conclusion.
Do
not
leave
your
reader
in
the
dark
and
avoid
cliff-hangers.
b. The
plan
of
development:
once
you
have
stated
your
thesis,
tell
your
reader
how
you
are
going
to
support
your
argument.
Without
a
precise
plan
of
development,
readers
may
miss
some
of
your
key
points
or
some
of
the
logical
connections
between
them.
The
plan
should
be
placed
at
the
end
of
the
1
These
guidelines
are
adapted
from
those
developed
by
Professor
Sam
Popkin
at
the
University
of
California
at
San Diego.
introduction
and
should
briefly
introduce
the
main
points
that
support
the
argument.
2) Body:
this
is
the
heart
of
the
paper,
where
you
provide
and
substantiate
the
points
that
support
your
argument.
Each
paragraph
should
start
with
a
topic
sentence
that
summarizes
the
point,
followed
by
a
few
other
sentences
that
introduce
evidence
for
that
point.
Each
point,
and
so
each
topic
sentence,
should
relate
to
and
support
your
one-sentence
thesis
statement.
Document
your
points
with
references
to
readings
and
provable
facts
rather
than
your
own
opinion.
Never
make
all-encompassing
statements
such
as
negative
messages
usually
work
better
than
positive
ones
without
providing
evidence
for
them
in
the
form
of
citations
or
compelling
facts.
This
part
of
the
essay
will
be
much
easier
to
write
if
you
are
following
an
outline.
3) Conclusion:
summarize
your
argument
and
the
support
you
provided
for
it.
If
you
want
to
include
your
opinion
about
any
ideas
and
evidence
presented
in
your
work,
the
conclusion
is
the
appropriate
place
to
do
so.
A
few
other
important
suggestions:
Remember
that
you
are
writing
a
formal
essay
that
requires
precise
language.
Do
not
be
cute.
Use
concepts
carefully:
words
such
as
priming,
framing,
agenda
setting,
political
parallelism,
pseudo-events,
and
so
forth
have
very
precise
meanings
in
political
communication,
and
these
meanings
are
spelled
out
in
the
readings.
You
will
lose
points
if
your
essay
uses
these
concepts
casually
and
inconsistently
with
how
they
are
used
in
the
readings.
Do
not
cite
lectures
or
presentations;
cite
readings
and
publicly
available
materials.
Never
hide
behind
the
authors,
for
instance
by
using
sentences
like
Hallin
and
Mancini
argue
that.
Instead,
use
citations
to
bolster
your
arguments,
as
in:
Public
service
broadcasting
has
been
proved
to
substantially
augment
citizens
information
about
politics
(Curran
et
al.
2009).
Proofread
your
work.
There
should
be
no
misspelling
or
grammatical
errors
in
your
essays.
You
should
not
hand
in
your
essay
until
you
have
proofread
your
final
draft,
so
plan
your
work
to
have
time
to
do
that.
If
you
want
your
readers
to
take
your
ideas
seriously,
present
them
clearly.
Read
your
essay
to
detect
poor
sentences.
Read
the
first
sentence
of
every
paragraph
(the
topic
sentence)
aloud
and
see
if
they
follow
smoothly
and
if
they
all
relate
to
and
support
the
thesis
of
your
paper;
if
not,
reorganize
the
paragraphs
and/or
rewrite
the
topic
sentences.
Read
the
first
and
last
sentence
of
each
paragraph
aloud
and
see
if
the
two
sentences
are
clearly
connected;
if
not,
reorganize
and
rewrite
the
paragraph.
See
the
Departments
Undergraduate
Student
Handbook
for
important
information
about
referencing,
word
count,
evaluation,
and
late
submission
of
essays.
5. Assessment Arrangements for JYA/Study Abroad Students
JYA/Study
Abroad
students
studying
in
the
Department
for
one
term
only
will
not
be
required
to
sit
the
summer
examination.
Their
assessment
will
be
based
on
two
essays,
each
of
2,500
words
in
length.
The
deadlines
for
submission
of
both
of
these
essays
are
as
follows:
For
students
visiting
during
the
Autumn
Term:
Monday
December
7th
2014
For
students
visiting
during
the
Spring
Term:
Monday
March
14th
2015
JYA/Study
Abroad
students
taking
the
complete
course
will
sit
the
final
examination
in
May
in
the
usual
way.
There
will
be
no
exceptions
to
this
rule.
6. Referencing, Sourcing, and Plagiarism
Plagiarism
will
not
be
tolerated
by
the
Department
and
the
College.
For
all
course
work,
the
work
must
be
your
own.
Attempts
to
pass
off
someone
else's
work
(written
by
another
student
or
from
a
book/article
you
have
read)
as
your
own
is
plagiarism.
Duplicate
work
(work
that
you
have
submitted
for
one
course,
then
resubmitted
for
another
course)
is
also
not
permitted.
If
we
find
you
have
cheated
in
this
way,
any
mark
awarded
will
be
reduced
to
zero,
and,
depending
on
the
seriousness
of
the
offence,
your
overall
degree
classification
may
be
lowered,
or
you
may
be
prevented
from
graduating.
See
the
Departments
Student
Undergraduate
Handbook
for
important
information
about
plagiarism
and
the
Turnitin
plagiarism
detection
database,
where
you
are
required
to
submit
your
essays.
As
in
all
courses
offered
by
the
Department
of
Politics
and
International
Relations,
you
must
follow
a
specific
referencing
style
when
citing
bibliographic
sources
in
your
essays.
Read
the
style
guide
of
Political
Studies,
the
journal
of
the
British
Political
Studies
Association,
and
follow
them
scrupulously
when
writing
your
essays.
They
are
available
at
https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/politics/documents/journal-ps-style-guide.pdf
If
you
use
information
from
the
Internet
in
your
assignments
you
must
give
the
full
url
(address)
from
which
the
information
was
gleaned,
and
the
date
on
which
you
found
the
information
on
the
site.
I
will
deduct
marks
from
your
essays
if
you
do
not
cite
references
properly.
As
in
all
other
cases,
plagiarism
will
not
be
tolerated.
7. Course Online Resources
Course Website
This course has its own dedicated website, based on the free and open source Moodle
platform. It contains powerpoint presentations, pdf articles, discussion forums, a chatroom
and more. I will also use this site to post additional questions and topics for your essays.
Please login (using your RHUL network username and password) to the site at:
http://moodle.rhul.ac.uk
I invite you to ask questions in the forum. Help each other out. You can say what you like, so
long as it is not libellous or profane!
The course Moodle site allows direct online access or contains information on how to
access each core reading contained in this list. When you prepare for class, make sure
you log on to Moodle first and check the relevant lectures box: it will save you precious
time in accessing the readings.
Guidelines for Course Email2
As a golden rule, if it is likely to take more than a sentence or two to answer your
query, please use my office hours.
2 Thanks to Dr Alister Miskimmon for these guidelines.
I will not answer emails during the weekend.
I will also not be available to respond to emails outside of normal working hours.
I will, however, endeavour to answer emails as soon as I can. I am sure you can
understand that I receive a lot of emails and it may not be possible to respond
immediately.
Please also recognise that it is good practice and preparation for your future careers to
get into the habit of writing formal emails.
8.
Texts
The
texts
for
this
course
are:
Brian
McNair,
An
Introduction
to
Political
Communication,
Routledge,
2011
(fifth
edition).
The
latest
edition
of
a
best-selling
text
in
the
field
of
political
communication,
this
book
provides
a
comprehensive
overview
of
most
of
the
topics
in
the
course.
Referred
to
as
McNair
(2011)
throughout
the
reading
list.
You
should
purchase
a
copy
of
this
book.
You
can
also
read
this
book
online
at
https://www-dawsonera-
com.ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/abstract/9780203828694
Erik
Albk,
Arjen
Van
Dalen,
Nael
Jebril,
&
Claes
de
Vreese
(2014).
Political
journalism
in
comparative
perspective.
Cambridge
University
Press.
A
ground-breaking
study
on
journalists,
media
coverage
of
politics,
and
its
effects
on
the
audience
in
Denmark,
Spain,
and
the
United
Kingdom.
Referred
to
as
Albaek
et
al
(2014)
throughout
the
reading
list.
You
should
purchase
a
copy
of
this
book.
You
can
also
read
this
book
online
at
http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9781139567367
General
books
Useful
general
books,
which
either
provide
an
overview
of
many,
but
not
all,
elements
of
the
course,
or
are
stimulating
and
thought
provoking,
include
those
listed
below.
Please
note
that
I
have
generally
not
listed
these
books
in
the
individual
subject
readings.
Use
these
books
as
a
collection
of
resources
if
you
need
to
put
the
weekly
headings
in
a
broader
context,
or
require
inspiration
for
an
essay.
Aalberg,
T.,
&
Curran,
J.
(Eds.).
(2012).
How
media
inform
democracy:
A
comparative
approach.
Routledge.
Chadwick,
A.
(2013).
The
Hybrid
Media
System:
Politics
and
Power.
Oxford
University
Press.
Esser,
F.,
&
Pfetsch,
B.
(2004).
Comparing
political
communication:
Theories,
cases,
and
challenges:
Cambridge
University
Press.
Kaid,
L.
L.,
&
Holz-Bacha,
C.
(2007).
Encyclopedia
of
political
communication:
SAGE
Publications.
Negrine,
R.
M.
(2008).
The
transformation
of
political
communication:
Palgrave
Macmillan.
Semetko,
H.
A.,
&
Scammell,
M.
(2012).
The
SAGE
handbook
of
political
communication:
SAGE
Publications.
Stanyer,
J.
(2007).
Modern
political
communications:
mediated
politics
in
uncertain
times:
Polity.
Important
Note
Single
books
can
provide
nothing
more
than
summaries
of
debates
and
issues:
they
are
no
substitute
for
reading
specialist
studies
and
arguments
for
yourself.
As
far
as
possible,
you
should
avoid
becoming
dependent
on
any
single
text,
and
you
should
aim
to
read
as
widely
as
you
can.
You
will
not
be
able
to
get
through
the
whole
reading
list
for
each
week
but
be
resourceful
and
strategicbriefly
look
at
different
readings
then
concentrate
on
those
ideas
which
particularly
appeal
to
you.
You
are
NOT
expected
to
read
all
of
the
items
on
the
list.
But
you
ARE
expected
to
read
all
the
readings
identified
as
Core
reading
and
to
read
as
widely
as
possible
about
the
subjects
you
research
for
your
essays.
You
must
not
rely
on
the
textbooks
alone.
If
the
books
on
this
list
are
out
of
the
library,
there
are
usually
relevant
books
at
the
same
shelf
mark.
If
during
your
research
you
come
across
interesting
books
that
the
library
does
not
own,
please
let
me
know
by
email
and
I
will
ask
the
library
to
place
an
order
as
soon
as
possible.
Scholarly
Journals
It
is
also
a
good
idea
to
keep
an
eye
on
the
many
scholarly
journals
and
periodicals
which
include
material
related
to
this
course.
A
selection
is
included
below.
All
of
these
are
held
by
Royal
Holloway
and
are
also
available
as
e-journals
through
the
library
catalogue.
You
can
access
them
from
any
location
using
the
Campus
Anywhere
VPN
service
(see
http://www.rhul.ac.uk/it/faq/itfaqs/vpn/faqwebvpn.aspx).
Good
journals
which
almost
always
contain
useful
and
up
to
date
articles
on
political
communication
include:
European
Journal
of
Communication
Information,
Communication
and
Society
International
Journal
of
Communication
International
Journal
of
Press
Politics
Journalism
Journal
of
Communication
Journal
of
Information
Technology
and
Politics
Journal
of
Political
Marketing
New
Media
&
Society
Party
Politics
Political
Communication
Social
Media
and
Society
10
Gateways
to
Academic
Research
Writing
your
essays
will
require
you
to
do
some
independent
research
as
well
as
consulting
both
core
and
recommended
readings.
The
best
places
to
start
are
ISI
Web
of
Science
(http://apps.webofknowledge.com/)
and
Scopus
(http://www.scopus.com/).
These
are
databases
that
allow
to
search
for
any
document
that
has
been
published
on
peer-reviewed
academic
journals.
The
same
query
on
each
database
will
generate
slightly
different
results
because
they
differ
in
the
publications
they
index.
Most
if
not
all
results
from
these
datasets
can
be
considered
as
trustworthy
academic
literature
that
you
can
safely
cite.
However,
books,
edited
volumes,
and
the
journals
that
are
not
indexed
by
these
databases
will
not
be
featured
among
the
results
of
your
searches.
Google
Scholar
(http://scholar.google.co.uk/)
is
a
handy
search
engine
for
academic
research,
but
it
does
not
differentiate
between
high-quality
peer-reviewed
journal
articles
and
less
reliable
documents
such
as
conference
papers,
research
reports,
and
even
newspaper
articles.
However,
it
has
the
advantage
of
covering
books
and
edited
books,
which
the
other
two
citation
indices
do
not
include,
as
well
as
more
specific
or
novel
peer-reviewed
academic
journals
that
have
not
been
included
into
ISI
or
Scopus
yet.
9. A Final Note
Suggestions
and
improvements
to
any
part
of
the
course
outline
are
most
welcome,
and
will
benefit
both
you
and
future
students.
If
you
see
any
problem
or
room
for
improvement
in
any
aspect
of
the
planning
or
delivery
of
the
course,
please
come
to
my
office
hours
or
email
me
to
let
me
know
your
thoughts.
I
hope
you
enjoy
the
course!
Cristian
Vaccari
Last
updated
21
September
2015
11
10. Lecture Topics and Reading
Note: the course Moodle site allows direct online access or contains information on
how to access each core reading contained in this list. When you prepare for class,
make sure you log on to Moodle first and check the relevant lectures box: it will save
you precious time in accessing the readings.
Lecture 1: Introduction to the Course
To-do
list
Read
this
reading
list
Buy
McNair
(2011)
and
Albaek
et
al.
(2014)
Read
Chapter
1
of
both
books
Log
on
to
the
course
website
on
Moodle,
explore
the
resources
available,
and
get
accustomed
to
it.
12
Lecture 2: Democracy and the Media
Seminar/essay questions
Democracy can be defined as government by opinion. Discuss the roles of the media
in light of this argument.
Journalism is another name for democracy or, better, you cannot have journalism
without democracy. Discuss.
Which role do the media perform most poorly in contemporary Western democracies?
That of a public forum, a mobilizing agent, or a watchdog?
Are there trade-offs between the medias democratic roles as civic forum, mobilizing
agent, and watchdog? Can the media do all these at once?
In 1787, Thomas Jefferson wrote: The basis of our governments being the opinion of
the people, the very first object should be to keep that right; and were it left to me to
decide whether we should have a government without newspapers, or newspapers
without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter. Discuss.
Core reading
Norris (2000). A Virtuous Circle: Political Communication in Postindustrial Societies,
Cambridge University Press, Chapter 2 (Evaluating Media Performance).
McNair (2011). Chapter 2 (Politics, Democracy and the Media).
Supplementary reading
Keane, J. (2013). Democracy and Media Decadence. Cambridge University Press.
Parkinson, J. (2012). Democracy and Public Space: The Physical Sites of Democratic
Performance. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Plattner, M. F. (2012). Media and deMocracy: the long view. Journal of
Democracy, 23(4), 62-73.
Street, J. (2011). Mass media, politics and democracy: Palgrave Macmillan.
Dahlgren, P. (2009) Media and Political Engagement: Citizens, Communication, and
Democracy, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Schudson, M. (2008). Why democracies need an unlovable press. Polity.
Baker, C. E. (2006). Media concentration and democracy: Why ownership matters.
Cambridge University Press.
Strmbck, J. (2005). In Search of a Standard: four models of democracy and their
normative implications for journalism. Journalism Studies, 6(3), 331-345.
Schudson, M. (1998). The good citizen: A history of American civic life: Martin Kessler
Books New York.
Manin, B. (1997) The Principles of Representative Government, Cambridge University
Press.
Keane, J. (1991). The media and democracy: Polity Press.
Bobbio, N. (1987). The future of democracy: A defense of the rules of the game.
Cambridge: Polity Press.
Sartori, G. (1987). The theory of democracy revisited. Part 1, The contemporary debate:
Chatham House.
Lippmann, W. (1946). Public opinion: Transaction Publishers.
13
Lecture 3: Media as Political Actors
Seminar/essay questions
Politicians should be kept accountable by the media, but no one keeps the media
accountable. Discuss.
Not only do the media report politics; they are a crucial part of the environment in
which politics is pursued. Discuss.
What are the limits of media power in contemporary democracies?
Core reading
McNair (2011). Chapter 4 (The Political Media) and 5 (The Media as Political
Actors).
Albaek et al. (2014). Chapter 3 (Journalists: The People Behind the Headlines).
Ladd, J. M., & Lenz, G. S. (2009). Exploiting a rare communication shift to document the
persuasive power of the news media. American Journal of Political Science, 53(2), 394-
410.
Supplementary reading
Graber, D. A. (2012). On Media: Making Sense of Politics: Oxofrd University Press.
Sobieraj, S. (2011). Soundbitten: The perils of media-centered political activism. NYU
Press.
Wolfsfeld, G. (2011). Making sense of media and politics: Five principles in political
communication: Taylor & Francis.
Blumbler and Coleman (2010). Political Communication in Freefall: The British Case-
and Others? International Journal of Press/Politics, 15(2): 139-154.
Curran, J., & Seaton, J. (2010). Power without responsibility: the press, broadcasting and
the internet in Britain: Taylor & Francis.
McNair, B. (2009). News and Journalism in the UK: Routledge.
Riddell, P. (2009). Political Journalism, in M. Flinders et al. (ed.) The Oxford handbook of
British politics: Oxford University Press.
Strmbck, J. (2008). Four phases of mediatization: An analysis of the mediatization of
politics. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 13(3), 228-246.
Castells, M. (2007). Communication, power and counter-power in the network society.
International journal of communication, 1(1), 238-266.
Davis, A. (2007). Investigating journalist influences on political issue agendas at
Westminster. Political communication, 24(2), 181-199.
Gavin, N. T. (2007). Press and television in British politics: media, money and mediated
democracy: Palgrave Macmillan.
Gitlin, T. (2007). Media Unlimited, Revised Edition: How the Torrent of Images and
Sounds Overwhelms Our Lives: Henry Holt & Company.
Kuhn, R. (2007). Politics and the Media in Britain: Palgrave Macmillan.
Barnett, S., & Gaber, I. (2001). Westminster Tales: the twenty-first-century crisis in
political journalism: Continuum.
14
Lecture 4: Political News
Seminar/essay questions
News does not exist as such. It is always the outcome of social construction. Discuss.
Are journalists and politicians on the same side?
Are political and media elites the sole arbiters of what becomes news?
Why are there tensions in the relationship between politicians and the media?
Is the content of political news in the UK consistent with the needs of informed
democratic citizenship?
Have changes brought about by the internet affected the relationship between
journalists and politicians?
Core reading
Albaek et al. (2014). Chapter 5 (Do Role Conceptions Matter?).
Chadwick (2011). The Political Information Cycle in a Hybrid News System: The British
Prime Minister and the Bullygate Affair. International Journal of Press/Politics, 16(1):
3-29.
Davis, A. (2007). The mediation of power: A critical introduction: Routledge, Chapter 3
(Media production, discursive practices, news production and the mobilization of bias
in public discourse).
Supplementary reading
Chadwick, A. (2013). The Hybrid Media System: Politics and Power: Oxford University
Press.
Soroka, S. N., Redko, O., & Albaugh, Q. (2013). Television in the Legislature: The Impact
of Cameras in the House of Commons. Parliamentary Affairs. doi: 10.1093/pa/gst017.
Chadwick, A. (2011). Britain's first live televised party leaders debate: From the news
cycle to the political information cycle. Parliamentary Affairs, 64(1), 24-44.
Davis (2010). Political Communication and Social Theory, Routledge, Chapter 5
(Journalist-Source Relations, Mediated Reflexivity and the Politics of Politics).
Newman, N. (2010). #UKelection2010, mainstream media and the role of the internet:
How social and digital media affected the business of politics and journalism, Reuters
Institute for the Study of Journalism, available at
https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/publication/rise-social-media-and-its-
impact-mainstream-journalism
Wallsten (2010) Yes We Can: How Online Viewership, Blog Discussion, Campaign
Statements, and Mainstream Media Coverage Produced a Viral Video Phenomenon,
Journal of Information Technology & Politics, 7(2), 163-181.
Scammell and Semetko (2008). Election News Coverage in the U.K.. In Stromback and
Kaid (Eds), The Handbook of Election News Coverage Around the World, Routledge.
Strmbck, J., & Kaid, L. L. (2008). The handbook of election news coverage around the
world: Routledge.
Davis, A. (2007). The mediation of power: a critical introduction: Routledge.
Gibbons, V. (2007). Lights, camera, inaction? The media reporting of parliament.
Parliamentary Affairs, 60(4), 700-708.
Barker, R. (2001). Legitimating identities: the self-presentations of rulers and subjects:
Cambridge University Press.
Franklin, B. (1996). Keeping it Bright, Light and Trite: changing newspaper reporting
of Parliament. Parliamentary Affairs, 49(2), 298-315.
15
Lecture 5: News Management and Political Public Relations
Seminar/essay questions
Are political public relations a form of manipulation or the only effective way to inform
the public?
Is it fair for government to use taxpayers money to communicate what it is doing in a
way that is intended to boost its popularity?
The media impression is as important, if not more important, than the reality of the
daily business of government. Discuss.
Does politicians use of public relations techniques make it easier or harder for
journalists to do their jobs?
What government chooses to tell us through its public relations machine is one thing;
the information in use by participants in the countrys real government is another.
Discuss.
Who benefits the most from the changes in news production and the development of
political public relations? Politicians, journalists, interest groups, or citizens?
Core reading
McNair (2011). Chapter 7 (Party Political Communication II: Political Public
Relations).
Albaek et al. (2014). Chapter 4 (Journalists and Politicians: A Troubled Relationship?)
Stromback, J., & Kiousis, S. (2011). Political public relations: principles and applications:
Taylor & Francis, Chapter 1 (Political Public Relations: Defining and Mapping an
Emergent field).
Supplementary reading
Price, L. (2014). Where power lies: prime ministers v the media. Simon and Schuster.
Stromback, J., & Kiousis, S. (2011). Political public relations: principles and applications:
Taylor & Francis.
Campus, D. (2010). Mediatization and personalization of politics in Italy and France:
The cases of Berlusconi and Sarkozy. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 15(2),
219-235.
Rottinghaus, B. (2009). Strategic leaders: Determining successful presidential opinion
leadership tactics through public appeals. Political Communication, 26(3), 296-316.
Seymour-Ure, C. (2008). Prime ministers and the media: issues of power and control:
Wiley.
Daddow, O. (2007). Playing games with history: Tony Blair's European policy in the
press. The British Journal of Politics & International Relations, 9(4), 582-598.
Kernell, S. (2007) Going Public: New Strategies of Presidential Leadership,
Congressional Quarterly Press, Washington, DC, 4th ed.
Needham, C. (2005) Brand Leaders: Clinton, Blair and the Limitations of the
Permanent Campaign. Political Studies 53 (2), pp. 343-361.
Wring, D. (2005). Politics and the Media: The Hutton Inquiry, the Public Relations
State, and Crisis at the BBC. Parliamentary Affairs, 58(2), 380-393.
Davis (2002). Public Relations Democracy: Public Relations, Politics and the Mass Media
in Britain, Manchester University Press.
Ornstein, N., Mann, T. (eds) (2000) The Permanent Campaign and its Future, American
Enterprise Institute and The Brookings Institution, Washington, DC.
Jacobs, L. R., & Shapiro, R. Y. (2000). Politicians don't pander: Political manipulation and
the loss of democratic responsiveness: University of Chicago Press.
16
Lecture 6: The Audience for Political News
Seminar/essay questions
In a market-based environment, the media should not be blamed for giving the people
what they want. Discuss.
Is the fully informed citizen a sustainable model for how contemporary citizens
should get their political information?
Are citizens better off now that they can choose which news they get and which ones
they avoid?
Is the fragmentation of media audiences positive or negative for democracies?
Core reading
Prior (2007). News v. Entertainment: How Increasing Media Choice Widens Gaps in
Political Knowledge and Turnout. American Journal of Political Science, 49 (3): 594-
609.
Zaller, J. (2003) A New Standard of News Quality: Burglar Alarms for the Monitorial
Citizen. Political Communication, 20(2), 109-130 (see also the responses by Bennett,
Graber and Patterson in the same journal issue).
Albaek et al. (2014). Chapter 7 (Does Infotainment Journalism Lead to Political
Cynicism?).
Supplementary reading
Hansard Society (2015). Audit of Political Engagement 12, available at
http://www.auditofpoliticalengagement.org/media/reports/Audit-of-Political-
Engagement-12-2015.pdf
Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2015). Reuters Institute Digital News
Report 2015, available at http://www.digitalnewsreport.org/
UK Office of Communications (2015). Adults Media Use and Attitudes Report, available
at http://stakeholders.ofcom.org.uk/binaries/research/media-literacy/media-lit-
10years/2015_Adults_media_use_and_attitudes_report.pdf
Carpentier, N., Schrder, K. C., & Hallett, L. (Eds.). (2013). Audience Transformations:
Late Modernity's Shifting Audience Positions: Shifting Audience Positions in Late
Modernity. Routledge.
Tewksbury, D., & Rittenberg, J. (2012). News on the Internet: Information and
Citizenship in the 21st Century: Oxford University Press.
Webster, J. G., & Ksiazek, T. B. (2012). The dynamics of audience fragmentation: Public
attention in an age of digital media. Journal of Communication, 62(1), 39-56.
Anderson, C. W. (2011). Deliberative, agonistic, and algorithmic audiences:
Journalism's vision of its public in an age of audience transparency. International
Journal of Communication, 5, 19.
Althaus, S. L., Cizmar, A. M., & Gimpel, J. G. (2009). Media supply, audience demand, and
the geography of news consumption in the United States. Political Communication,
26(3), 249-277.
Dalton, R. J. (2008). The good citizen: How a younger generation is reshaping American
politics. SAGE.
Couldry, N., Livingstone, S. M., & Markham, T. (2007). Media consumption and public
engagement: Beyond the presumption of attention: Palgrave Macmillan.
Hamilton (2006). All the News That's Fit to Sell: How the Market Transforms
Information into News, Princeton University Press.
17
Lipsitz,
K.,
Trost,
C.,
Grossmann,
M.,
&
Sides,
J.
(2005).
What
voters
want
from
political
campaign
communication.
Political
Communication,
22(3),
337-354.
Webster,
J.
G.
(2005).
Beneath
the
veneer
of
fragmentation:
Television
audience
polarization
in
a
multichannel
world.
Journal
of
communication,
55(2),
366-382.
Buckingham,
D.
(2002).
The
making
of
citizens:
Young
people,
news
and
politics.
Routledge.
Tewksbury,
D.,
Weaver,
A.
J.,
&
Maddex,
B.
D.
(2001).
Accidentally
informed:
Incidental
news
exposure
on
the
World
Wide
Web.
Journalism
&
Mass
Communication
Quarterly,
78(3),
533-554.
Schudson,
M.
(1998).
The
good
citizen:
A
history
of
American
civic
life.
New
York:
Martin
Kessler
Books.
Morley,
D.
(1992).
Television,
audiences
and
cultural
studies.
Routledge.
Ang,
I.
(1991).
Desperately
seeking
the
audience.
Routledge.
Zukin,
C.,
&
Snyder,
R.
(1984).
Passive
learning:
When
the
media
environment
is
the
message.
Public
Opinion
Quarterly,
48(3),
629-638.
18
Lecture 7: Comparing Media Systems I: Features and Models
Seminar/essay questions
Is there still a role for public service broadcasting in the contemporary media ecology?
Can Hallin and Mancinis models of media-politics relationships really travel beyond
the Western world?
Is it accurate to classify the media systems in the US and the UK in the same category?
Does the Liberal model of journalism always produce desirable outcomes from the
standpoint of democracy?
Has the medias protracted business crisis jeopardized their role in democracy?
Core reading
Hallin and Mancini (2004), Comparing Media Systems: Three Models of Media and
Politics, Cambridge University Press. Chapter 4 (Media and Political Systems and the
Question of Differentiation).
Hardy, J. (2010). Western media systems. Routledge, Chapter 2 (Media System
Evolution).
Albaek et al. (2014). Chapter 2 (Comparing Political Journalism).
Supplementary reading
Helberger, N, Burri, M. (Eds.) (2015). Public Service Media and Exposure Diversity.
International Journal of Communication, vol. 9, special section, all articles.
Brgermann, M., Engesser, S., Bchel, F., Humprecht, E., & Castro, L. (2014) Hallin and
Mancini revisited: four empirical types of western media systems. Journal of
Communication 64, 1037-1065.
Open Society Foundation (2014). Digital Journalism: Making News, Breaking News,
Open Society Foundations, available at
http://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/sites/default/files/mapping-digital-media-
overviews-20140828.pdf
Papathanassopoulos, S., & Negrine, R. M. (2013). European Media. John Wiley & Sons.
de Albuquerque, A. (2013). Media/politics connections: beyond political parallelism.
Media, Culture & Society 35(6): 742-758.
Chakravartty, P., & Roy, S. (2013). Media Pluralism Redux: Towards New Frameworks
of Comparative Media Studies Beyond the West. Political Communication, 30(3), 349-
370.
Voltmer, K. (2013). The media in transitional democracies: John Wiley & Sons.
Cushion, S. (2012). The Democratic Value of News: Why Public Service Media Matter:
Palgrave Macmillan.
Hallin, D. C., & Mancini, P. (2012). Comparing media systems beyond the western world:
Cambridge University Press.
Mancini, P., Zielonka, J. (Eds.) (2012). Special issue on the structure and performance
of the news media in Central and Eastern Europe. The International Journal of
Press/Politics, 17(4), all articles.
Nielsen, R.K. (2012). Ten Years that Shook the Media World: Big Questions and Big
Trends in International Media Developments, Reuters Institute for the Study of
Journalism, available at https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/publication/ten-
years-shook-media-world
Szpunar, P. M. (2012). Western journalisms Other: The legacy of the Cold War in the
comparative study of journalism. Journalism, 13(1), 3-20.
19
Brown
and
Gitlin
(2011).
Partisans,
Watchdogs,
and
Entertainers:
The
Press
for
Democracy
and
its
Limits.
In
Edwards,
Jacobs
and
Shapiro
(Eds),
The
Oxford
Handbook
of
American
Public
Opinion
and
the
Media.
Oxford,
New
York:
Oxford
University
Press.
Nordicom
(2010).
International
Media
and
Communication
Statistics,
available
at
http://www.nordicom.gu.se/sites/default/files/publikationer-hela-
pdf/nmt12_a_sampler_of_0.pdf
Tunstall,
J.
(2008).
The
media
were
American:
US
mass
media
in
decline.
Oxford:
Oxford
University
Press.
Hanitzsch,
T.
(2007).
Deconstructing
journalism
culture:
Toward
a
universal
theory.
Communication
theory,
17(4),
367-385.
20
Lecture 8: Comparing Media Systems II: Differences that Make a Difference
Seminar/essay questions
Does the presence of a strong public service broadcaster affect medias ability to
perform as civic forums, mobilizing agents, and watchdogs?
How does political parallelism affect the medias ability to perform as civic forums,
mobilizing agents, and watchdogs?
Why do journalists in different media systems portray the same issues differently?
Core reading
Albaek et al. (2014). Chapter 6 (What Type of Journalism Produces Public
Knowledge?).
Curran et al. (2009). Media Systems, Public Knowledge and Democracy: A Comparative
Study. European Journal of Communication, 24(1): 5-26.
van Kempen (2007). Media-Party Parallelism and Its Effects. Political Communication,
24(3): 303-320.
Supplementary reading
arkolu, A., Baruh, L., & Yldrm, K. (2014). Press-Party Parallelism and Polarization
of News Media during an Election Campaign The Case of the 2011 Turkish
Elections. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 19(3), 295-317.
Powers, M., & Benson, R. (2014). Is the Internet Homogenizing or Diversifying the
News? External Pluralism in the U.S., Danish, and French Press. The International
Journal of Press/Politics, 19(2), 246-265.
Benson, R. (2013). Shaping immigration news: a French-American comparison.
Cambridge University Press.
Mancini, P. (2013). Media fragmentation, party system, and democracy. The
International Journal of Press/Politics, 18(1), 43-60.
Meffert and Hopmann (2012). Media Selection and Partisan Fragmentation: A
Comparative Study of Advanced Western Democracies, conference paper, available at
http://apsapolicommpreconference.weebly.com/uploads/1/2/8/0/12803661/meffer
thopmann-2012-pc-apsa.pdf
Hanitzsch, T., Hanusch, F., Mellado, C., Anikina, M., Berganza, R., Cangoz, I., . . . Karadjov,
C. D. (2011). Mapping journalism cultures across nations: A comparative study of 18
countries. Journalism Studies, 12(3), 273-293.
Hanitzsch, T., & Mellado, C. (2011). What shapes the news around the world? How
journalists in eighteen countries perceive influences on their work. The International
Journal of Press/Politics, 16(3), 404-426.
Aalberg, T., Van Aelst, P., & Curran, J. (2010). Media systems and the political
information environment: A cross-national comparison. The International Journal of
Press/Politics, 15(3), 255-271.
Archetti, C. (2010). Explaining news: national politics and journalistic cultures in global
context. Palgrave Macmillan.
Iyengar, S., Curran, J., Lund, A. B., Salovaara-Moring, I., Hahn, K. S., & Coen, S. (2010).
Cross-National versus individual-level differences in political information: a media
systems perspective. Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties, 20(3), 291-309.
Sunstein, C. R. (2009). Republic. com 2.0. Princeton University Press.
21
Papacharissi, Z., & de Fatima Oliveira, M. (2008). News frames terrorism: A
comparative analysis of frames employed in terrorism coverage in US and UK
newspapers. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 13(1), 52-74.
Quandt, T. (2008). News on the World Wide Web? A comparative content analysis of
online news in Europe and the United States. Journalism Studies,9(5), 717-738.
Toka, G. (2008). Citizen information, election outcomes and good governance. Electoral
Studies, 27(1), 31-44.
Arceneaux, K. (2006). Do campaigns help voters learn? A cross-national
analysis. British Journal of Political Science, 36(01), 159-173.
Esser, F., & dAngelo, P. (2006). Framing the Press and Publicity Process in US, British,
and German General Election Campaigns A Comparative Study of Metacoverage. The
Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics, 11(3), 44-66.
Ferree, M. M. (Ed.). (2002). Shaping abortion discourse: Democracy and the public
sphere in Germany and the United States. Cambridge University Press.
Deuze, M. (2002). National news cultures: A comparison of Dutch, German, British,
Australian, and US journalists. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 79(1), 134-
149.
Gunther, R., & Mughan, A. (2000). Democracy and the media: A comparative perspective.
Cambridge University Press.
22
Lecture 9: Journalistic Objectivity and Its Discontents
Seminar/essay questions
Why is political news biased?
Is bias inevitable in political news?
Is journalistic objectivity a universal value?
Should journalists working for public service media be held to different ethical
standards than journalists working for commercial enterprises?
Should those who post and circulate news on the web and on social media be as
objective as professional journalists?
Core reading
Ward (2008). Truth and Objectivity. In Wilikins and Christians (ed.), The Handbook of
Mass Media Ethics, Routledge.
Albaek et al. (2014). Chapter 8 (Good Journalism, Satisfied Citizens?).
Entman, R. M. (2007) Framing Bias: Media in the Distribution of Power, Journal of
Communication 57: 163-173.
Newspaper and Magazine Publishing in the U.K., Editors Code of Practice, available at
http://www.pcc.org.uk/assets/696/Code_of_Practice_2012_A4.pdf
Supplementary reading
Loyd, J. (2012). Truth Matters: The BBC and Our Need for it to Be Right, Reuters
Institute for the Study of Journalism, available at
https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/publication/truth-matters
Entman, R. M. (2010). Media framing biases and political power: Explaining slant in
news of Campaign 2008. Journalism, 11(4), 389-408.
Baum, M. A., & Groeling, T. (2008). New media and the polarization of American
political discourse. Political Communication, 25(4), 345-365.
Bennett, W. L., Lawrence, R. G., & Livingston, S. (2008). When the press fails: Political
power and the news media from Iraq to Katrina. University of Chicago Press.
Deuze, M. (2008). The changing context of news work: Liquid journalism and
monitorial citizenship. International journal of communication, 2(5), 848-865.
Rosen, J. (2008). The People Formerly Known as the Audience, available at
http://archive.pressthink.org/2006/06/27/ppl_frmr.html
Wilkins, L., & Christians, C. G. (2008). The handbook of mass media ethics: Routledge.
Bruns, A. (2005). Gatewatching: Collaborative online news production: Peter Lang.
Deuze, M. (2005). What is journalism? Professional identity and ideology of journalists
reconsidered. Journalism, 6(4), 442-464.
Entman, R. M. (2003). Cascading activation: Contesting the White House's frame after
9/11. Political Communication, 20(4), 415-432.
Hafez, K. (2002). Journalism ethics revisited: A comparison of ethics codes in Europe,
North Africa, the Middle East, and Muslim Asia. Political Communication, 19(2), 225-
250.
Laitila, T. (1995). Journalistic codes of ethics in Europe. European Journal of
Communication, 10(4), 527-544.
23
Lecture 10: Popular Politics and Intimate Politics
Essay 1 due!
Seminar/essay questions
What do citizens gain and what do they lose from the popularization of politics?
What do politicians gain and what do they lose from the popularization of politics?
Does it still make sense to differentiate between elite and popular media?
How does politicians use of social media contribute to the popularization and
intimization of politics?
Can fake news constitute a form of journalism?
Should we be worried about the dumbing down of politics in contemporary political
communication?
If a politician courts publicity he or she cannot complain about negative exposure
when it arises. Discuss.
Core reading
Baym (2005). The Daily Show: Discursive integration and the reinvention of political
journalism. Political Communication, 22(3): 259-276.
Richards, B. (2004) The Emotional Deficit in Political Communication. Political
Communication, 21(3): 339-352.
Stanyer (2007). Modern Political Communications: Mediated Politics In Uncertain Terms,
Polity Press, Chapter 3 (Perosnalized Politics and the Erosion of Privacy).
Supplementary reading
Ahva, L., Heikkil, H., Siljamki, J., & Valtonen, S. (2014). A bridge over troubled water?
Celebrities in journalism connecting implicit and institutional politics. Journalism,
15(2), 186-201.
Wilson, J. (2014). Kevin Rudd, celebrity and audience democracy in Australia.
Journalism, 15(2), 202-217.
Stanyer, J. (2013). Intimate Politics: John Wiley & Sons.
Day, A., & Thompson, E. (2012). Live from New York, it's the fake news! Saturday Night
Live and the (non) politics of parody. Popular Communication, 10(1-2), 170-182.
Mancini, P. (2011). Between Commodification and Lifestyle Politics: Does Silvio
Berlusconi Provide a New Model of Politics for the Twenty-first Century? , Reuters
Institute for the Study of Journalism, available at
https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/publication/between-commodification-and-
lifestyle-politics
Langer, A. I. (2010). The politicization of private persona: Exceptional leaders or the
new rule? The case of the United Kingdom and the Blair effect. The International
Journal of Press/Politics, 15(1), 60-76.
Baym, G. (2009). From Cronkite to Colbert: The Evolution of Broadcast News: Paradigm
Publishers.
Gray, J. A., Jones, J. P., & Thompson, E. (2009). Satire TV: Politics and comedy in the post-
network era: NYU Press.
Baum, M. A., & Jamison, A. S. (2006). The Oprah effect: How soft news helps inattentive
citizens vote consistently. Journal of Politics, 68(4), 946-959.
Baumgartner, J., & Morris, J. S. (2006). The Daily Show Effect Candidate Evaluations,
Efficacy, and American Youth. American Politics Research, 34(3), 341-367.
24
Baum,
M.
A.
(2005).
Talking
the
vote:
Why
presidential
candidates
hit
the
talk
show
circuit.
American
Journal
of
Political
Science,
49(2),
213-234.
Jones,
J.
P.
(2005).
Entertaining
politics:
New
political
television
and
civic
culture:
Rowman
&
Littlefield
Pub
Inc.
Lunt,
P.,
&
Stenner,
P.
(2005).
The
Jerry
Springer
Show
as
an
emotional
public
sphere.
Media,
Culture
&
Society,
27(1),
59-81.
Esser,
F.
(1999).
Tabloidization'of
News
A
Comparative
Analysis
of
Anglo-American
and
German
Press
Journalism.
European
Journal
of
Communication,
14(3),
291-324.
Brants,
K.
(1998).
Who's
afraid
of
infotainment?.
European
Journal
of
Communication,
13(3),
315-335.
Langer,
J.
(1998).
Tabloid
Television,
Popular
Journalism
and
the
Other
News:
Taylor
&
Francis.
Zaller,
J.
R.
(1998).
Monica
Lewinsky's
contribution
to
political
science.
PS:
Political
Science
and
Politics,
31(2),
182-189.
25
Lecture 11: Strategy in Election Campaigns
Seminar/essay
questions
Has
political
marketing
improved
the
ways
in
which
politicians
engage
with
voters?
Is
it
appropriate
for
politicians
to
treat
citizens
as
consumers?
To
what
extent
can
campaign
strategies
affect
the
ways
in
which
campaigns
unfold?
What
factors
can
derail
even
the
smartest
political
strategy?
Core
reading
Burton,
M.
J.,
&
Shea,
D.
M.
(2002).
Campaign
mode:
Strategic
vision
in
congressional
elections.
Rowman
&
Littlefield,
chapter
1
(Campaign
mode
and
professional
understanding).
Broadshaw
(2009),
"Who
Will
Vote
for
You
and
Why:
Designing
Strategy
and
Theme",
chapter
3
in
Thurber
and
Nelson
(Eds),
Campaigns
and
Elections
American
Style,
Westview
Press,
3rd
edition.
Popkin,
S.
L.
(2012).
The
Candidate:
What
it
Takes
to
Win-and
Hold-the
White
House.
Oxford
University
Press.,
Chapter
2
(Planning
for
Chaos).
Supplementary
reading
Scammell,
M.
(2014).
Consumer
Democracy:
The
Marketing
of
Politics.
Cambridge
University
Press.
Sides,
J.,
&
Vavreck,
L.
(2014).
The
gamble:
Choice
and
chance
in
the
2012
presidential
election.
Princeton
University
Press.
Johansen,
H.
P.
(2012).
Relational
Political
Marketing
in
Party-centred
Democracies:
Because
We
Deserve
it.
Ashgate
Publishing,
Ltd..
Lees-Marshment,
J.
(Ed.).
(2012).
Routledge
handbook
of
political
marketing.
New
York:
Routledge.
Tenscher,
J.,
Mykknen,
J.,
&
Moring,
T.
(2012).
Modes
of
Professional
Campaigning:
A
Four-Country
Comparison
in
the
European
Parliamentary
Elections,
2009.
The
International
Journal
of
Press/Politics,
17(2),
145-168.
Lees-Marshment,
J.,
Rudd,
C.,
&
Stromback,
J.
(2010).
Global
political
marketing:
Taylor
&
Francis.
Henneberg,
S.
C.,
&
O'Shaughnessy,
N.
J.
(2009).
Political
relationship
marketing:
some
macro/micro
thoughts.
Journal
of
Marketing
Management,25(1-2),
5-29.
Sanders,
K.
(2009).
Communicating
politics
in
the
twenty-first
century:
Palgrave
Macmillan.
Bannon,
D.
P.
(2005).
Relationship
marketing
and
the
political
process.
Journal
of
Political
Marketing,
4(2-3),
73-90.
Wring,
D.
(2005).
The
politics
of
marketing
the
Labour
Party:
Palgrave
Macmillan.
Druckman,
J.
N.,
Jacobs,
L.
R.,
&
Ostermeier,
E.
(2004).
Candidate
strategies
to
prime
issues
and
image.
Journal
of
Politics,
66(4),
1180-1202.
Franklin,
B.
(2004)
Packaging
Politics:
Political
Communications
in
Britains
Media
Democracy,
Arnold.
Lees-Marshment,
J.
(2004)
The
Political
Marketing
Revolution,
Manchester
University
Press.
Farrell,
D.
M.,
Kolodny,
R.,
&
Medvic,
S.
(2001).
Parties
and
Campaign
Professionals
in
a
Digital
Age:
Political
Consultants
in
the
United
States
and
Their
Counterparts
Overseas.
The
Harvard
International
Journal
of
Press/Politics,
6(4),
11-30.
26
Gibson, R., & Rmmele, A. (2001). Changing campaign communications: a party-
centered theory of professionalized campaigning. The Harvard International Journal of
Press/Politics, 6(4), 31-43.
Shea, D. M., & Burton, M. J. (2001). Campaign craft: The strategies, tactics, and art of
political campaign management: Praeger.
Plasser (2000). American Campaign Techniques Worldwide. International Journal of
Press/Politics, 5, 4, pp. 33-54.
Thurber, J. A., & Nelson, C. J. (2000). Campaign warriors: The role of political consultants
in elections: Brookings Institution Press.
Newman, B. (ed.) (1999) Handbook of Political Marketing. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Scammell, M. (1998). The Wisdom of the War Room: US Campaigning and
Americanization. Media, Culture & Society, 20, 2, pp. 251-275.
Swanson, D. L., & Mancini, P. (1996). Politics, media and modern democracy: An
international study of innovations in electoral campaigning and their consequences:
Praeger.
Scammell, M. (1995). Designer politics: How elections are won. London: Macmillan.
27
Lecture 12: Organization, Technology and Resources in Election
Campaigns
Seminar/essay
questions
Despite
all
the
changes
in
technology,
campaigns
are
always
going
to
be
about
time,
people
and
money.
Discuss.
U.S.
President
Franklin
Roosevelt's
campaign
manager
Jim
Farley
once
said,
"I
know
half
the
money
I
spend
is
wasted.
I
just
don't
know
which
half."
Discuss.
How
can
campaigns
employ
volunteers
and
supporters
effectively?
Has
the
internet
changed
the
way
election
campaigns
are
conducted?
Core
reading
Chadwick
(2013).
The
Hybrid
Media
System:
Politics
and
Power,
Chapter
6
(Symphonic
Consonance
in
Campaign
Communication:
Reinterpreting
Obama
for
America).
Nielsen
(2012).
Ground
Wars:
Personalized
Communication
in
Political
Campaigns,
Princeton
University
Press,
Chapters
1
(Personalized
Political
Communication
in
American
Campaigns)
and
6
(Always
Fighting
the
Same
Ground
War?).
Gibson,
R.
(2012).
From
Brochureware
to
MyBo:
An
Overview
of
Online
Elections
and
Campaigning.
Politics,
32(2),
77-84.
Supplementary
reading
Enos,
R.
D.,
&
Hersh,
E.
D.
(2015).
Party
Activists
as
Campaign
Advertisers:
The
Ground
Campaign
as
a
Principal-Agent
Problem.
American
Political
Science
Review,
109(02),
252-278.
Lilleker,
D.
G.,
Tenscher,
J.,
&
ttka,
V.
(2015).
Towards
hypermedia
campaigning?
Perceptions
of
new
media's
importance
for
campaigning
by
party
strategists
in
comparative
perspective.
Information,
Communication
&
Society,18(7),
747-765.
Stromer-Galley,
J.
(2014).
Presidential
campaigning
in
the
Internet
age.
Oxford
University
Press.
Karpf,
D.
(2013).
The
Internet
and
American
Political
Campaigns
The
Forum
(Vol.
11,
pp.
413).
Vaccari,
C.
(2013).
Digital
Politics
in
Western
Democracies:
A
Comparative
Study:
Johns
Hopkins
University
Press.
Vaccari,
C.,
&
Nielsen,
R.
K.
(2013).
What
Drives
Politicians'
Online
Popularity?
An
Analysis
of
the
2010
US
Midterm
Elections.
Journal
of
Information
Technology
&
Politics,
10(2),
208-222.
Vaccari,
C.
(2013).
From
Echo
Chamber
to
Persuasive
Device?
Rethinking
the
Role
of
the
Internet
in
Campaigns.
New
Media
&
Society,
15,
n.
1,
pp.
109-127.
Nielsen,
R.,
Vaccari,
C.
(2013).
Do
People
like
Candidates
on
Facebook?
Not
really:
Large-Scale
Direct
Candidate-to-Voter
Online
Communication
as
an
Outlier
Phenomenon.
International
Journal
of
Communication,
7:
23332356.
Vaccari,
C.
(2013).
From
Echo
Chamber
to
Persuasive
Device?
Rethinking
the
Role
of
the
Internet
in
Campaigns.
New
Media
&
Society,
15,
n.
1,
pp.
109-127.
Pew
Global
Attitudes
Project
(2012).
Social
Networking
Popular
Across
Globe,
available
at
http://www.pewglobal.org/files/2012/12/Pew-Global-Attitudes-Project-
Technology-Report-FINAL-December-12-2012.pdf
Beck,
P.,
Heidemann,
E.
(2010).
Changing
Strategies
in
Grassroots
Canvassing:
1956-
2008,
conference
paper,
available
at
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1666576
28
Vaccari
(2010).
Technology
is
a
Commodity:
The
Internet
in
the
2008
United
States
Presidential
Election.
Journal
of
Information
Technology
&
Politics,
7(4):
318-339.
Anstead
and
Chadwick
(2009).
Parties,
Election
Campaigning
and
the
Internet:
Toward
a
Comparative
Institutional
Approach.
In
Chadwick
and
Howard
(Eds),
The
Routledge
Handbook
of
Internet
Politics,
Routledge.
Chadwick
(2009).
Web
2.0:
New
Challenges
for
the
Study
of
E-Democracy
in
an
Era
of
Informational
Exuberance.
I/S:
Journal
of
Law
and
Policy
for
the
Information
Society
(5)1:
9-41.
Fisher,
J.,
and
D.
Denver
(2009)
Evaluating
the
Electoral
Effects
of
Traditional
and
Modern
Modes
of
Constituency
Campaigning
in
Britain
19922005.
Parliamentary
Affairs
62(2):
196-210.
Panagopoulos,
C.,
&
Francia,
P.
L.
(2009).
Grassroots
mobilization
in
the
2008
presidential
election.
Journal
of
Political
Marketing,
8(4),
315-333.
Green,
D.
P.,
&
Gerber,
A.
S.
(2008).
Get
out
the
vote:
How
to
increase
voter
turnout.
Brookings
Institution
Press.
Norris,
P.,
&
Curtice,
J.
(2008)
Getting
the
Message
Out:
A
Two-Step
Model
of
the
Role
of
the
Internet
in
Campaign
Communication
Flows
During
the
2005
British
General
Election.
Journal
of
Information
Technology
&
Politics,
4,
313.
Ward,
S.
(2008).
Making
a
difference:
A
comparative
view
of
the
role
of
the
Internet
in
election
politics:
Lexington
Books.
Bennett,
W.L.,
Mannheim,
J.
(2006)
The
One-Step
Flow
of
Communication.
The
ANNALS
of
the
American
Academy
of
Political
and
Social
Science,
608:
613-632.
Howard,
P.
N.
(2006).
New
media
campaigns
and
the
managed
citizen:
Cambridge
University
Press.
Bimber,
B.
A.,
&
Davis,
R.
(2003).
Campaigning
online:
The
Internet
in
US
elections:
Oxford
University
Press.
Gibson,
R.
K.,
Nixon,
P.
G.,
&
Ward,
S.
J.
(2003).
Political
parties
and
the
Internet:
net
gain?.
Routledge.
Whiteley,
P.,
&
Seyd,
P.
(2003).
How
to
win
a
landslide
by
really
trying:
the
effects
of
local
campaigning
on
voting
in
the
1997
British
general
election.
Electoral
Studies,
22(2),
301-324.
Harris,
P.
(2002).
Who
Pays
the
Piper?
The
Funding
of
Political
Campaigning
in
the
UK,
US
and
the
Consequences
for
Political
Marketing
and
Public
Affairs.Journal
of
Political
Marketing,
1(2-3),
89-107.
Norris
(2000).
A
Virtuous
Circle:
Political
Communication
in
Postindustrial
Societies,
Cambridge
University
Press.
Blumler
and
Kavanagh
(1999).
The
Third
Age
of
Political
Communication:
Influences
and
Features.
Political
Communication,
16(3):
209-230.
29
Lecture 13: The Conditions for Political Persuasion
There will be no lecture this week, and the seminar will run as normal and will be used
for group discussion of the assigned film.
The seminar will be based upon your discussion of Professor Arthur Lupias keynote speech at
the Internet, Politics, Policy 2010 conference, available at
http://www.oii.ox.ac.uk/webcasts/?id=170
You will watch this film IN ADVANCE OF THE SEMINAR online and come to seminar
prepared to discuss it.
For background on the research presented in the talk, you are also advised to read Lupia, A.
(2013). Communicating science in politicized environments. Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences, 110(Supplement 3), 14048-14054
30
Lecture 14: The Framing and Counter-Framing of Political Messages
Seminar/essay questions
Identify competing frames as employed in a recent policy debate in the UK media.
Assess the strengths and weaknesses of each frame.
Identify competing frames as employed in the 2014 Scottish Independence
referendum campaign. Assess the strengths and weaknesses of each frame.
Identify competing frames as employed in the 2015 UK general election campaign.
Assess the strengths and weaknesses of each frame.
Identify competing frames as employed in debates about whether the UK should
continue being part of the European Union. Assess the strengths and weaknesses of
each frame.
Core reading
Nelson, T. (2011). Issue Framing. In The Oxford Handbook of American Public Opinion
and the Media, ed. G. Edwards, L. Jacobs, and R. Shapiro.
Schaffner, B., and Atkinson, M. (2010). Taxing Death or Estates? When Frames
Influence Citizens Issue Beliefs. In Schaffner, B. F., & Sellers, P. J. (Eds.). Winning with
words: the origins and impact of political framing. Routledge.
Medvic, S. K. (2006). Understanding Campaign Strategy: Deliberate Priming and the
Role of Professional Political Consultants. Journal of Political Marketing, 5(1-2), 11-32.
Entman, R. M. (1993). Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm. Journal of
communication, 43(4), 51-58.
Supplementary reading
Matthes, J. (2012). Framing Politics: An Integrative Approach. American Behavioral
Scientist, 56(3), 247-259.
D'Angelo, P., & Kuypers, J. A. (Eds.). (2010). Doing news framing analysis: Empirical and
theoretical perspectives. Routledge.
Schaffner, B. F., & Sellers, P. J. (Eds.) (2010). Winning with words: the origins and impact
of political framing. Routledge.
Vavreck, L. (2009). The Message Matters: The Economy and Presidential Campaigns: An
Economic Theory of Campaigns. Princeton University Press.
Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (2008). Metaphors we live by. University of Chicago press.
Journal of Communication (2007). Special Issue on Framing, Agenda Setting, & Priming:
Agendas for Theory and Research, 57(1), 8-173 (all articles).
Bartels, L. M. (2005). Homer gets a tax cut: Inequality and public policy in the American
mind. Perspectives on Politics, 3(01), 15-31.
Shepsle, K. A. (2003). Losers in politics (and how they sometimes become winners):
William Riker's heresthetic. Perspective on Politics, 1(02), 307-315.
De Vreese, K. Jochen, P., and Semetko, H. (2001). Framing politics at the launch of the
Euro: A cross-national comparative study of frames in the news. Political
communication, 18(2), 107-122.
Loomis, B. (2000), The Never Ending Story: Campaigns without Elections, in N. Ornstein
e T. Mann (eds.), The Permanent Campaign and Its Future, American Enterprise
Institute and The Brookings Institution, Washington, DC, pp. 162-184.
Tewksbury, D., Jones, J., Peske, M. W., Raymond, A., & Vig, W. (2000). The interaction of
news and advocate frames: Manipulating audience perceptions of a local public policy
issue. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 77(4), 804-829.
31
Scheufele, D. A. (1999). Framing as a theory of media effects. Journal of Communication,
49(1), 103-122.
Rhee, J. W. (1997). Strategy and issue frames in election campaign coverage: A social
cognitive account of framing effects. Journal of Communication, 47(3), 26-48.
Iyengar, S. (1987). Television news and citizens' explanations of national affairs.
American Political Science Review, 815-831.
Riker, W. (1986). The Art of Political Manipulation. Yale University Press.
32
Lecture 15: Political Advertising
Seminar/essay questions
Why is advertising useful for campaigns?
What elements characterize an effective political advertisement?
How do party election broadcasts in the UK differ from political ads in the US?
Are negative advertisements dangerous for democracy?
In an era of audience fragmentations, are political advertisements still effective tools to
reach the electorate?
What limitations to political advertising are justifiable to safeguard democratic values?
Core reading
McNair (2011). Chapter 6 (Party Political Communication I: Advertising).
Scammell, Langer (2006). Political Advertising in the United Kingdom. In Kaid and Holz-
Bacha (Eds), The Sage Handbook of Political Advertising, Sage Publications.
vanHeerde-Hudson, J. (2011). The Americanization of British party advertising?
Negativity in party election broadcasts, 19642005. British Politics, 6(1), 52-77.
Museum of the Moving Image, The Living Room Candidate, available at
http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/
Supplementary reading
Vaccari, C., Morini, M. (2014). The Power of Smears in Two American Presidential
Campaigns. Journal of Political Marketing, 13(1-2), 19-45.
West, D. M. (2013). Air Wars: Television Advertising and Social Media in Election
Campaigns, 1952-2012. Sage.
Arceneaux, K., & Nickerson, D. W. (2009). Comparing negative and positive campaign
messages: Evidence from two field experiments. American Politics Research.
Kaid, L. L., & Holz-Bacha, C. (2006). The Sage handbook of political advertising: Sage.
Scullion, R., & Dermody, J. (2005). The value of party election broadcasts for electoral
engagement: A content analysis of the 2001 British general election
campaign. International Journal of Advertising, 24(3), 345-372.
Richardson Jr, G. W. (2003). Pulp politics: How political advertising tells the stories of
American politics. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
Hodess, R., Tedesco, J. C., & Kaid, L. L. (2000). British Party Election Broadcasts: A
Comparison of 1992 and 1997. The Harvard International Journal of
Press/Politics, 5(4), 55-70.
Jamieson, K. H. (1996). Packaging the presidency: A history and criticism of presidential
campaign advertising: Oxford University Press.
Ansolabehere, S., & Iyengar, S. (1995). Going negative: How political advertising
shrinks and polarizes the electorate: Free Press.
Scammell, M. (1995). Designer politics: How elections are won: Macmillan London.
Diamond, E., & Bates, S. (1992). The spot: The rise of political advertising on television:
The MIT Press.
33
Lecture 16: The 2015 UK General Election
Seminar/essay questions
What were the strategies of the main parties in the UK 2015 general election?
Did the media portray the campaign in a way that helped the voters make up their
minds?
Did the media matter in the outcome of the election?
What resources were crucial in the campaign?
Assess the electoral strategy of the Labour and Conservative parties.
Core
reading
Media
Standard
Trust
(2015).
Election
Unspun:
Week-by-Week
Analysis
of
the
2015
General
Election.
Available
at
http://electionunspun.net/
Freely
explore
and
browse
data
from
this
impressive
content
analysis
of
a
diverse
range
of
media
outlets
and
topics.
Jackson
and
Thorsen
(Eds.)
(2015).
UK
Election
Analysis
2015:
Media,
Voters
and
the
Campaign.
Available
at
http://www.electionanalysis.uk/
Read
all
the
chapters
from
at
least
one
section
of
your
own
choosing
between
Media
Reporting,
Voters,
Polls,
and
Results,
Political
Communication
and
Image
Management,
The
Nations,
Campaigning
and
Civil
Society,
Social
Media,
Popular
Culture,
and
Media
Influence
and
Interventions.
Parliamentary
Affairs
68
(2015),
special
issue
on
Britain
Votes
read
at
least
one
of
the
following
articles:
The
Conservatives:
Their
Sweetest
Victory?,
Hell,
No!
Labour's
Campaign:
The
Correct
Diagnosis
but
the
Wrong
Doctor?,
Party
Finance:
The
Death
of
the
National
Campaign?,
Immigration,
Issue
Ownership
and
the
Rise
of
UKIP,
Exit
Velocity:
The
Media
Election,
The
General
Rejection?
Political
Disengagement,
Disaffected
Democrats
and
Doing
Politics
Differently
Supplementary
reading
Geddes
and
Tonge
(Eds.)
(2015).
Britain
Votes
2015.
Oxford
University
Press.
Hansard
Society
(2015).
Audit
of
Political
Engagement
12,
available
at
http://www.auditofpoliticalengagement.org/media/reports/Audit-of-Political-
Engagement-12-2015.pdf
Reuters
Institute
for
the
Study
of
Journalism
(2015).
Reuters
Institute
Digital
News
Report
2015,
available
at
http://www.digitalnewsreport.org/
UK
Office
of
Communications
(2015).
Adults
Media
Use
and
Attitudes
Report,
available
at
http://stakeholders.ofcom.org.uk/binaries/research/media-literacy/media-lit-
10years/2015_Adults_media_use_and_attitudes_report.pdf
Wring
and
Ward
(2010).
The
Media
and
the
2010
Campaign:
The
Television
Election?
Parliamentary
Affairs,
63(4):
802-817.
Allen,
N.,
Bara,
J.,
&
Bartle,
J.
(2013).
Rules,
Strategies
and
Words:
The
Content
of
the
2010
Prime
Ministerial
Debates.
Political
Studies,
61,
92-113.
Drake,
P.,
&
Higgins,
M.
(2012).
Lights,
Camera,
Election:
Celebrity,
Performance
and
the
2010
UK
General
Election
Leadership
Debates.
The
British
Journal
of
Politics
&
International
Relations,
14(3),
375-391.
Wring,
D.,
Mortimore,
R.,
&
Atkinson,
S.
(Eds.).
(2011).
Political
communication
in
Britain:
The
leader
debates,
the
campaign
and
the
media
in
the
2010
general
elections:
Palgrave
Macmillan.
34
Lecture 17: The Effects of Political Communication
Seminar/essay questions
In what sense does political communication have strong and weak effects?
To what extent do media effects depend on the message, and to what extent on its
source and context?
Can a well-run campaign get any politician or party elected?
The short-term effects of political messages are much less important than the long-
term ones. Discuss.
Which channels of political information are best suited to provide citizens with
information that increases and broadens their political knowledge?
Compared to thirty years ago, is it easier or more difficult for campaigns to get their
messages across?
Core reading
McNair (2011). Chapter 3 (The Effects of Political Communication).
Iyengar (2011). Media Politics: A Citizens Guide, Norton, W. W. & Company, Chapter 8
(How News Shapes Public Opinion).
Hill, Lo, Vavreck, and Zaller (2013). How Quickly We Forget: The Duration of
Persuasion Effects From Mass Communication. Political Communication 30 (4): 521
47.
Bennett and Iyengar (2008). A New Era of Minimal Effects? The Changing Foundations
of Political Communication. Journal of Communication 58(4): 707-31.
Supplementary reading
Burscher, B., van Spanje, J., & de Vreese, C. H. (2015). Owning the issues of crime and
immigration: The relation between immigration and crime news and anti-immigrant
voting in 11 countries. Electoral Studies, 38, 59-69.
Shephard, M., & Johns, R. (2012). A Face for Radio? How Viewers and Listeners Reacted
Differently to the Third Leaders' Debate in 2010. The British Journal of Politics &
International Relations, 14(1), 1-18.
Bishop and Hyllygus (2011). Campaigning, Debating, Advertising. In The Oxford
Handbook of American Public Opinion and the Media, ed. G. Edwards, L. Jacobs, and R.
Shapiro.
Holbert, R. L., Garrett, R. K., & Gleason, L. S. (2010). A new era of minimal effects? A
response to Bennett and Iyengar. Journal of communication, 60(1), 15-34.
De Vreese (2009). Campaign Communication and Media. In LeDuc, Niemi and Norris
(Eds), Comparing Democracies 3, Sage Publications.
Campus, D., Pasquino, G., & Vaccari, C. (2008). Social networks, political discussion, and
voting in Italy: A study of the 2006 election. Political Communication, 25(4), 423-444.
Gilens, M., Vavreck, L., & Cohen, M. (2007). The mass media and the public's
assessments of presidential candidates, 19522000. Journal of Politics, 69(4), 1160-
1175.
De Vreese, C. H., & Boomgaarden, H. G. (2006). Media Message Flows and Interpersonal
Communication: The Conditional Nature of Effects on Public Opinion. Communication
Research, 33(1), 19-37.
Newton, K. (2006). May the weak force be with you: The power of the mass media in
modern politics. European Journal of Political Research, 45(2), 209-234.
35
Walgrave,
S.,
&
Van
Aelst,
P.
(2006).
The
contingency
of
the
mass
media's
political
agenda
setting
power:
Toward
a
preliminary
theory.
Journal
of
Communication,
56(1),
88-109.
Farrell,
D.
M.,
&
Schmitt-Beck,
R.
(2004).
Do
political
campaigns
matter?
Campaign
effects
in
elections
and
referendums:
Routledge.
Gavin,
N.
T.,
&
Sanders,
D.
(2003).
The
press
and
its
influence
on
British
political
attitudes
under
New
Labour.
Political
Studies,
51(3),
573-591.
Schmitt-Beck,
R.
(2003).
Mass
communication,
personal
communication
and
vote
choice:
The
filter
hypothesis
of
media
influence
in
comparative
perspective.
British
Journal
of
Political
Science,
33(2),
233-259.
Whiteley,
P.,
Seyd,
P.
(2003)
How
to
Win
a
Landslide
by
Really
Trying:
The
Effects
of
Local
Campaigning
on
Voting
in
the
1997
British
General
Election.
Electoral
Studies,
22(3):
301324.
Beck,
P.
A.,
Dalton,
R.
J.,
Greene,
S.,
&
Huckfeldt,
R.
(2002).
The
social
calculus
of
voting:
Interpersonal,
media,
and
organizational
influences
on
presidential
choices.
American
Political
Science
Review,
96(01),
57-73.
Mutz,
D.
C.,
&
Martin,
P.
S.
(2001).
Facilitating
communication
across
lines
of
political
difference:
The
role
of
mass
media.
American
Political
Science
Review,
95(1),
97-114.
Popkin,
S.
L.
(1994).
The
reasoning
voter:
Communication
and
persuasion
in
presidential
campaigns.
University
of
Chicago
Press.
Iyengar,
S.
(1987).
Television
news
and
citizens'
explanations
of
national
affairs.
The
American
Political
Science
Review,
815-831.
36
Lecture 18: Political Communication in a Globalizing World
Seminar/essay questions
Are contemporary media truly global?
Has the globalization of political communication blurred the line between domestic
and foreign policy in Western democracies?
In which sense has communication become a key component of any countrys foreign
policy?
The essence of successful warfare is secrecy. The essence of successful journalism is
publicity. Discuss.
Can contemporary global media constitute a transnational public sphere?
Core reading
McNair (2011). Chapter 9 (Political Communication in a Globalised World).
Fraser (2007). Transnationalizing the Public Sphere: On the Legitimacy and Efficacy of
Public Opinion in a Post-Westphalian World, available at
http://eipcp.net/transversal/0605/fraser/en
Roselle, L., Miskimmon, A., & OLoughlin, B. (2014). Strategic narrative: A new means to
understand soft power. Media, War & Conflict, 7(1), 70-84.
Supplementary reading
Miskimmon, A., O'Loughlin, B., & Roselle, L. (2014). Strategic narratives:
Communication power and the new world order. Routledge.
United States Institute of Peace, Blogs and Bullets (all publications), available at
http://www.usip.org/programs/projects/blogs-bullets
Sifry, M. L. (2011). WikiLeaks and the Age of Transparency. OR Books.
Cushion, S., & Lewis, J. (2010). The rise of 24-hour news television: Global perspectives:
Peter Lang.
Hoskins, A., & OLoughlin, B. (2010). War and media: Polity.
McPhail, T. L. (2010). Global communication: Theories, stakeholders, and trends. John
Wiley & Sons.
Thussu, D. K. (2009). International communication: a reader: Routledge.
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science (2008). Special issue on
Public Diplomacy in a Changing World (all articles).
Hanson, E. C. (2008). The information revolution and world politics. Rowman &
Littlefield Publishers.
Corman, S. R., Trethewey, A., & Goodall, H. L. (Eds.). (2008). Weapons of mass
persuasion: Strategic communication to combat violent extremism. Peter Lang.
Seib, P. (2008). The Al Jazeera effect: how the new global media are reshaping world
politics: Potomac Books.
Bahador, B. (Ed.). (2007). The CNN effect in action: how the news media pushed the West
toward war in Kosovo. Macmillan.
Hafez, K., & Skinner, A. (2007). The myth of media globalization: Polity.
Roselle, L. (2006). Media and the politics of failure: great powers, communication
strategies, and military defeats. Palgrave Macmillan.
Chalaby, J.K. (ed.) (2005) Transnational Television Worldwide: I.B. Taurus.
Gilboa, E. (2005). The CNN effect: The search for a communication theory of
international relations. Political Communication, 22(1), 27-44.
37
Entman,
R.
M.
(2003).
Cascading
activation:
Contesting
the
White
House's
frame
after
9/11.
Political
Communication,
20(4),
415-432.
Robinson,
P.
(2001)
Operation
Restore
Hope
and
the
Illusion
of
a
News
Media
Driven
Intervention,
Political
Studies,
49,
941956.
Bennett,
W.
L.
(1990).
Toward
a
theory
of
press-state
relations
in
the
United
States.
Journal
of
communication,
40(2),
103-127.
Hallin,
D.
C.
(1989).
The
uncensored
war:
The
media
and
Vietnam.
Univ
of
California
Press.
Media,
War,
&
Conflict,
an
excellent
specialized
journal,
is
freely
available
though
our
library.
38
Lecture 19: Campaign Ethics
Essay 2 due!
Seminar/essay questions
Is it possible to run perfectly ethical campaigns and be successful?
How can the media provide incentives for candidates to behave ethically?
Should politicians be more closely scrutinized for ethical lapses in their professional
conduct?
Should citizen be directly involved in the ethical scrutiny of politicians, or should they
rely on other institutions and organizations?
Core reading
Maisel (2002). Promises and Persuasion. In Nelson, Dulio and Medic (ed.), Shades of
Gray: Perspectives on Campaign Ethics, Brookings University Press.
American Association of Political Consultants, Code of Professional Ethics, available at
http://www.theaapc.org/default.asp?contentID=701
Supplementary reading
Baines, P. R., & O'shaughnessy, N. J. (2014). Political Marketing and Propaganda: Uses,
Abuses, Misuses. Journal of Political Marketing, 13(1-2), 1-18.
Galeotti, A. E. (2014). Liars or Self-Deceived? Reflections on Political Deception.
Political Studies, doi: 10.1111/1467-9248.12122
Maisel, L. S., West, D. M., & Clifton, B. M. (2007). Evaluating campaign quality:
Cambridge University Press.
Nelson, C. J., Dulio, D. A., & Medvic, S. K. (2002). Shades of gray: perspectives on
campaign ethics: Brookings Institution Press.
39
Lecture 20: Conclusions: Political Communication and the Quality of
Democracy
Note:
the
seminar
will
run
as
a
revision
session,
where
you
will
have
the
opportunity
to
ask
questions
about
the
course
as
a
whole.
I
will
also
give
you
some
guidance
for
your
revision.
Core
reading
McNair
(2011).
Chapter
10
(Conclusion:
Performance
Politics
and
the
Democratic
Process).
Albaek
et
al.
(2014).
Chapter
9
(Political
Journalism:
Today
and
Tomorrow).
40
SPECIMEN EXAMINATION PAPER
Answer at least three questions from this list.
1. What are the main differences between Polarized Pluralist and Liberal media systems?
2. Compare and contrast modern and postmodern campaigning in the United Kingdom.
3. What does the hybridization of political communication mean for politicians and
voters?
4. Can democracy function given voters limited desire for, and ability to process, the
contents of political news?
5. What are the main principles and tools of political public relations?
6. How does the popularization of politics affect democratic life?
7. Define agenda setting, priming and framing and provide concrete examples of how
these mechanisms work.
8. Discuss the debate between proponents of strong and weak effects of political
communication.
9. Identify and discuss the three most important assets that a party can rely on in an
election campaign.
10. Do the media help citizens acquire the information they need to make reasonable
voting decisions?
11. Are political advertisements more useful to attack opponents than to provide a
positive message?
12. In the age of global political communication, is the distinction between domestic and
foreign politics still relevant?
Note: a copy of last years exam is available through the Librarys website.
41
You might also like
- Remaking Area Studies - Teaching and Learning Across Asia and The Pacific (PDFDrive)Document274 pagesRemaking Area Studies - Teaching and Learning Across Asia and The Pacific (PDFDrive)Lâm Trúc100% (1)
- Perkins Engine ManualsDocument20 pagesPerkins Engine Manuals李文琪100% (1)
- Theories of Human Communication Flashcards PDFDocument18 pagesTheories of Human Communication Flashcards PDFamandaalishaNo ratings yet
- Language Style As Audience Design - Allan Bell - 1984Document59 pagesLanguage Style As Audience Design - Allan Bell - 1984tpd20No ratings yet
- MC QuailDocument5 pagesMC QuailsuzystennettNo ratings yet
- AgendaSetting - McCombsDocument16 pagesAgendaSetting - McCombsmircazmajNo ratings yet
- Passive For A RecipeDocument2 pagesPassive For A RecipeAdri Cambrils50% (2)
- All Free LispDocument9 pagesAll Free LispMIHAI0% (1)
- IT Era Lesson2Document24 pagesIT Era Lesson2Mount CarmelNo ratings yet
- What Is New Media? Characteristics, Internet, FormsDocument22 pagesWhat Is New Media? Characteristics, Internet, FormsKhansaTararNo ratings yet
- Communication in The Age of Virtual Reality PDFDocument2 pagesCommunication in The Age of Virtual Reality PDFDavid25% (4)
- RMC 1 - Tiếng AnhDocument300 pagesRMC 1 - Tiếng Anhlonghhss181358No ratings yet
- Post-Structuralism - Michel FoucaultDocument23 pagesPost-Structuralism - Michel FoucaultGamze GürlerNo ratings yet
- Com3705 2023 TL 501 3 BDocument266 pagesCom3705 2023 TL 501 3 BMonge MamahlodiNo ratings yet
- Werner Severin - Communication Theories - Pearson New International Edition - Origins, Methods and Uses in The Mass Media-Pearson (2013)Document433 pagesWerner Severin - Communication Theories - Pearson New International Edition - Origins, Methods and Uses in The Mass Media-Pearson (2013)Sean LowNo ratings yet
- Binge-Watching Motivates ChangeDocument20 pagesBinge-Watching Motivates ChangeMelina MeimaridisNo ratings yet
- Social Media - Communication, Sharing and VisibilityDocument187 pagesSocial Media - Communication, Sharing and VisibilityLawal Noah JinaduNo ratings yet
- Communicating in The 21st CenturyDocument17 pagesCommunicating in The 21st CenturyKeri-Ann Andrade100% (4)
- 2 Binge Watching Web Series Addiction Amongst YouthDocument8 pages2 Binge Watching Web Series Addiction Amongst YouthPradyumna DangewarNo ratings yet
- The Future of The Interactive NewsroomDocument20 pagesThe Future of The Interactive NewsroomSteve EarleyNo ratings yet
- Foundation of Communication Research - DraftDocument10 pagesFoundation of Communication Research - DraftAbubakar MuhammadNo ratings yet
- Computer-Mediated Discourse Analysis An Approach To Researching Online BehaviorDocument35 pagesComputer-Mediated Discourse Analysis An Approach To Researching Online BehaviorNovia FaradilaNo ratings yet
- The Objectivity Norm in AmericaDocument22 pagesThe Objectivity Norm in AmericaBetty Marrugo RiveraNo ratings yet
- Social Networks: Abhimanyu Dhamija Abhishek Kumar Munish Minia Priyank SharmaDocument22 pagesSocial Networks: Abhimanyu Dhamija Abhishek Kumar Munish Minia Priyank SharmaMalikUbaidNo ratings yet
- Time Emoji Article: Not Just A Smiley FaceDocument1 pageTime Emoji Article: Not Just A Smiley FaceKatySteinmetzTIME100% (1)
- 1441157611Document369 pages1441157611George Vlamis100% (1)
- Politics and MediaDocument5 pagesPolitics and MediaRio Jean QuindaraNo ratings yet
- Week 6: Journalistic Writing. IntroductionDocument98 pagesWeek 6: Journalistic Writing. IntroductionDamian Lambidonitis100% (1)
- The Role of New Media in Fostering Democracy in Africa's Dictatorships: Zimbabwe A Case Study.Document97 pagesThe Role of New Media in Fostering Democracy in Africa's Dictatorships: Zimbabwe A Case Study.andrewchatora100% (2)
- Language and The Media in The UK and in The USADocument7 pagesLanguage and The Media in The UK and in The USAThe Sun and The SeaNo ratings yet
- Syllabus - Global CommunicationDocument3 pagesSyllabus - Global Communicationshush10No ratings yet
- PTCL Audit ReportDocument17 pagesPTCL Audit ReportSana PervezNo ratings yet
- Butsch Media Public SpheresDocument21 pagesButsch Media Public SpheresKawalkhedkar Mohan VinayNo ratings yet
- Social Media and Political Participation PDFDocument20 pagesSocial Media and Political Participation PDFJohnroe VillafloresNo ratings yet
- Social Media and Journalism: Journalists and Media Outlets' Use of Social Media Networks in EthiopiaDocument3 pagesSocial Media and Journalism: Journalists and Media Outlets' Use of Social Media Networks in EthiopiaAmeyu Etana KaloNo ratings yet
- Has The Social Media News Release Come Finally of Age ?Document6 pagesHas The Social Media News Release Come Finally of Age ?Liberate MediaNo ratings yet
- Ad in NigeriaDocument17 pagesAd in NigeriaMazri MnNo ratings yet
- Alternative MediaDocument2 pagesAlternative MediaMAYNo ratings yet
- The Use of The Internet and Social Media in U.S. Presidential Campaigns: 1992-2012Document53 pagesThe Use of The Internet and Social Media in U.S. Presidential Campaigns: 1992-2012katyeleuschnerNo ratings yet
- News Discourse BeednereckDocument20 pagesNews Discourse Beednereckcyzq9980% (1)
- Knowledge Management Systems Life CycleDocument33 pagesKnowledge Management Systems Life CyclePooja Prateek JoshiNo ratings yet
- Syllabus: Digital Media Economics at UNC School of Journalism and Mass CommunicationDocument9 pagesSyllabus: Digital Media Economics at UNC School of Journalism and Mass CommunicationRyan Thornburg100% (1)
- Electronic Publishing Also Known As Desk Top PublishingDocument8 pagesElectronic Publishing Also Known As Desk Top PublishingInfant PriyaNo ratings yet
- Internet Media & OTT PPT by Kagan 2017-11-2Document17 pagesInternet Media & OTT PPT by Kagan 2017-11-2mattdoughNo ratings yet
- Lesson 1 Comm TheoriesDocument29 pagesLesson 1 Comm Theoriesjeivela25100% (1)
- Course Name: Communication Theories Instructor: Emrakeb AssefaDocument20 pagesCourse Name: Communication Theories Instructor: Emrakeb AssefanatiNo ratings yet
- Engaging Consumers and Building Relationships in Social Media - How Social Relatedness Influences Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Consumer MotivationDocument10 pagesEngaging Consumers and Building Relationships in Social Media - How Social Relatedness Influences Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Consumer MotivationfutulashNo ratings yet
- 1150B - Week 2 Media ConvergenceDocument106 pages1150B - Week 2 Media Convergencedebate spsltNo ratings yet
- News Values - Revised: Introduction. The Notion of What Makes Events Become News Has Been An Object ofDocument30 pagesNews Values - Revised: Introduction. The Notion of What Makes Events Become News Has Been An Object ofFarukh ZafarNo ratings yet
- Cultural CompetencyDocument184 pagesCultural Competencygrandmaw1No ratings yet
- Making News Co-Author With Jonathan SilDocument12 pagesMaking News Co-Author With Jonathan Siltania caliariNo ratings yet
- Social MediaDocument3 pagesSocial MediaKoinange Kevin100% (1)
- Media Research Notes August 2013Document8 pagesMedia Research Notes August 2013Gautam GopalNo ratings yet
- International Communication SyllabusDocument5 pagesInternational Communication SyllabusBryce Peake100% (1)
- Researched ArgumentDocument6 pagesResearched Argumentapi-509548361100% (1)
- Craig Communication Theory As A FieldDocument43 pagesCraig Communication Theory As A FieldekoNo ratings yet
- PD 22-Communication With Different Population GroupsDocument36 pagesPD 22-Communication With Different Population GroupsRZ NgNo ratings yet
- SM Mass CommunicationDocument61 pagesSM Mass CommunicationpufuNo ratings yet
- New Media An IntroductionDocument9 pagesNew Media An IntroductionsumiNo ratings yet
- Framing Rody: An Examination of Philippine Media Agenda in Covering The Duterte Administration (Introduction)Document12 pagesFraming Rody: An Examination of Philippine Media Agenda in Covering The Duterte Administration (Introduction)Jermae Benette V. Dollete100% (1)
- Esp-Week 2: Teguh Ardianto, M.PDDocument25 pagesEsp-Week 2: Teguh Ardianto, M.PDTeguh ArdiantoNo ratings yet
- The Twenty-First-Century Media Industry: Economic and Managerial Implications in the Age of New MediaFrom EverandThe Twenty-First-Century Media Industry: Economic and Managerial Implications in the Age of New MediaNo ratings yet
- Ict Primary 2Document6 pagesIct Primary 2naufal0% (1)
- Practice Manner of Articulation1Document2 pagesPractice Manner of Articulation1khoen raksmeyNo ratings yet
- Pages From Operating Systems Design 19CS2106S Home Assignment CODocument1 pagePages From Operating Systems Design 19CS2106S Home Assignment COVISHNU TEJA RAYALACHERUVUNo ratings yet
- CPE - Use of English New Edition Unit 7Document7 pagesCPE - Use of English New Edition Unit 7Analia VasquezNo ratings yet
- SettingsproviderDocument60 pagesSettingsproviderDiego ValenciaNo ratings yet
- Tugas Bhs. InggrisDocument8 pagesTugas Bhs. InggrisWayan EkawatiNo ratings yet
- Negative PrefixesDocument3 pagesNegative PrefixesMrAbdulazizSaidNo ratings yet
- Esl Listening Speaking Master SyllabusDocument9 pagesEsl Listening Speaking Master Syllabusdangnganha159No ratings yet
- MRVNHS Mentoring Plan 2022Document1 pageMRVNHS Mentoring Plan 2022TinTinNo ratings yet
- dm422 0 01 PDFDocument54 pagesdm422 0 01 PDFrodrigogribeiroNo ratings yet
- FND - REQUEST or FND - DELIVERY To Email Oracle Concurrent Request OutputDocument7 pagesFND - REQUEST or FND - DELIVERY To Email Oracle Concurrent Request OutputMarwa GhozNo ratings yet
- Computer ArithmeticDocument48 pagesComputer ArithmeticNagendraNo ratings yet
- Power Operation 2021 What's NewDocument74 pagesPower Operation 2021 What's Newfreddy barcoNo ratings yet
- Why Counting CountsDocument29 pagesWhy Counting CountsJustin Ramos GollosoNo ratings yet
- Write A Critical Appreciation of How To Fly The Singapore Flag'?Document2 pagesWrite A Critical Appreciation of How To Fly The Singapore Flag'?Syimah UmarNo ratings yet
- Common Public Radio InterfaceDocument6 pagesCommon Public Radio InterfaceMinto IssacNo ratings yet
- Levinson, Stephen C. 2006. Grammars of SpaceDocument641 pagesLevinson, Stephen C. 2006. Grammars of SpaceDemetrio Dimitrovich Nájera Betancourt100% (1)
- The Story of An Hour AnalysisDocument3 pagesThe Story of An Hour Analysisapi-55741409450% (2)
- Agatha Christie EssayDocument7 pagesAgatha Christie EssayJavier RiosNo ratings yet
- Ascii HTML HTML Dec Hex Symbol Number Name DescriptionDocument8 pagesAscii HTML HTML Dec Hex Symbol Number Name DescriptionAnonymous ilWXWxgNo ratings yet
- RH - GKA - U1 - L4 - Tap - Nan - Tap - Coco - 0603 - 200604143444Document19 pagesRH - GKA - U1 - L4 - Tap - Nan - Tap - Coco - 0603 - 200604143444Siki SikiNo ratings yet
- Sweta Panda TesterDocument4 pagesSweta Panda TesterkrovidiprasannaNo ratings yet
- C#Document18 pagesC#koooler78No ratings yet
- Progressive Web Apps: The Definite Approach To Cross-Platform Development?Document10 pagesProgressive Web Apps: The Definite Approach To Cross-Platform Development?Sijo ThomasNo ratings yet
- RAC 19cDocument144 pagesRAC 19cHưng NguyễnNo ratings yet
- Modern Initial Access Evasion TacticsDocument57 pagesModern Initial Access Evasion TacticsFernando da Costa CorreaNo ratings yet
- Practice Test 02 UpdatedDocument3 pagesPractice Test 02 UpdatedShahriar Ahmed SadibNo ratings yet
