RESERVOIR / RIVER

MODELS

COEs HEC-5 Reservoir System Analysis

Seasonally Reservoir Elevation - Flow Analysis

COEs HEC-RAS River Analysis System

River Routings - Single Event River Elevations
Flood Analysis - Flow Parameters

APCs Hydro Energy Budget

Energy and Capacity Analyses

RESERVOIR / RIVER MODELS

Applications
COEs HEC-5 Reservoir System Analysis
ACT Basinwide Analysis

COEs HEC-RAS River Analysis System

Weiss Bypass Channel - Logan to Lay Flood Routing

APCs Hydro Energy Budget

APC Coosa Projects Energy Budget Run

FLOW DATA
Coosa Basin: 1939-1993 Flow Dataset
Developed for the ACT-ACF Comprehensive Study
55 Years Covers at least three hydrologic cycles
Developed by Mobile District COE in the mid 1990s
Reviewed by State Agencies in AL, GA, FL along with Federal agencies
and Stakeholders (3 year process)

Warrior Basin: 1940-99 Flow Dataset

Developed by Alabama Power Company
60 Years Covers at least three hydrologic cycles
Based on USGS records and Plant operational data
Provided to Mobile District COE for Section 22 Study in 1990s

COEs HEC-5 MODEL

Developed by US Army Corps of Engineers
Hydrologic Engineering Center in Davis, CA
First version issued in 1973
Two modes of application:
Single Event
Period of record routings

Will capture various reservoir operations

Reservoir Systems
Flood Control
Hydro Power Operations
Water Supply

Other Tools
will address

Water Quality Analyses

Utilized in Alabama-Coosa-Tallapoosa (ACT) River

Basin Compact

COEs HEC-5 MODEL

INPUTS:
Up to 40 Reservoirs
Up to 80 Control Points
Up to 35 Power Plants
Up to 40 Diversions
7 Hydrologic Routing Methods
Hourly or Daily Time Step
Linked to HEC-DSS (Data Storage Systems)
Inputs ( i.e., flow data)
Results

COEs HEC-5 MODEL

DELIVERABLES:
Model Reservoir Systems
Evaluate Rule Curve Changes (Not Flood Aspects)
Evaluate Water Supply Operations
Evaluate Minimum Flows (Seasonal Reservoir Elevations)

ACT MODEL

WARRIOR MODEL

140 SMITH DAM

150 INLAND

130 BANKHEAD

120 HOLT
110 OLIVER
110SELDEN

LOGAN MARTIN ELEVATION

Avg. Annual Elevation
462.92
462.37
0.55

Logan Martin Average Elevation

466
465
464
463
462
461
460
ACT2030R Logan

459

HISTORICAL Logan

458

r
D
ec
em
be

be
r
em
N
ov

ct
ob
er
O

be
r

t
gu
s
Au

Se
pt
em

ly
Ju

Ju

ne

ay
M

ril
Ap

h
ar
c
M

ua
ry
Fe
br

nu
a

ry

457

Ja

HEC -5
MODELING
RESULTS

Avg. Summer Elevation

464.75
464.27
0.48

ACT2030R Logan
HISTORICAL Logan
Difference

Logan Martin Elevation

469

467

465

463

461

459

HISTORICAL Logan

ACT2030R Logan Martin

457

455
Jan-39

Jan-49

Jan-59

Elevation Jan-69
(feet)

Jan-79

Jan-89

MONTGOMERY FLOW

HEC -5
MODELING
RESULTS

Average
22,917
23,602
-686

ACT2030R
HISTORICAL
Difference

Minimum 5-Percent 10-Percent 25-Percent 75-Percent 90-Percent 95-Percent

1,756
4,985
5,999
8,362
27,313
54,667
72,124
255
5,000
6,210
9,000
28,600
53,707
72,500
1,501
-15
-211
-638
-1,287
960
-376

Montgomery Average Daily Flow (cfs)

50,000
HISTORICAL Montgomery

ACT2030R Montgomery

45,000
40,000
35,000
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
Jan-39

Jan-49

Jan-59

Jan-69

Jan-79

Jan-89

Montgomery Flow Duration Curve

Average Daily Flow (cfs)
70000

60000

HISTORICAL Montgomery

ACT2030R Montgomery

50000

40000

30000

20000

10000

0
0%

10%

20%

30%

40%
50%
60%
Percent Exceedence

70%

80%

90%

100%

COEs HEC-RAS MODEL

Developed by US Army Corps of Engineers
Hydrologic Engineering Center in Davis, CA
Hydraulic Analysis Package
Based on HEC-2 Model

(since 1998)

(1960s)

Two modes of application:

Steady State
Unsteady State

Will capture various riverine conditions

Bridges
Dams Weirs - Culverts
Ineffective Flow Areas Obstructions in Channel

COEs HEC-RAS MODEL

INPUTS:
Single or Network of River Channels
Single Event Flows (either Steady or Unsteady State)
Cross Sectional Definitions
Channel Roughness Definitions

COEs HEC-RAS MODEL

DELIVERABLES:
River Elevations (Depth)
Flow Parameters Determination
Velocities
Wetted Perimeter

Timing of Flow Wave (Flood)

Arrival
Peaks
Duration

COEs HEC-RAS MODEL

COEs HEC-RAS MODEL

NW GA Coosa Bas in

.1

595

Plan: Plan 05

.04

.1
Legend
EG Max WS
WS Max WS
Ground

590

Bank Sta

585

Elevation (ft)

580

575

570

565

560

555

100

200

300

400
Station (ft)

500

600

700

800

COEs HEC-RAS MODEL

NW GA C oosa Basin

Plan: Plan 05

ROME-AL

580

Legend
EG Max WS

570

Elevation (ft)

WS Max WS
560

Crit Max WS
Ground

550
540
530
520

20000 40000 60000 80000 100000120000140000 160000180000

Main Channel Dis tance (ft)

COEs HEC-RAS MODEL

Weiss Bypass Channel with 2002 XSects

Plan:

1) 100-1000

2) 3U + 100S

Geom: Weiss to H Neely Henry w/ 2002 XSects

Legend
100 CFS
200 CFS
515

300 CFS

WEISS PH

400 CFS
500 CFS
1000 CFS
3 Units + 100 Spill
Ground

Elevation (ft)

510

WEISS
SPILLWAY

505

TERRAPIN
CREEK

500

Y
MINAR
PRELI

495

60

65

70
Main Channel Distance (mi)

75

APCs HYDRO ENERGY BUDGET MODEL

The Hydro Energy Budget Model is an analytical model for the determination of power
production and its value by simulating actual reservoir operation. Parameters include
turbine discharge ratings and efficiencies, generator efficiencies, head loss, and
operating guidelines.

Developed by APC (Reservoir Management) in 1984

VMS FORTRAN Model
Used for:
Reservoir Siting Studies
Impacts of Rule Curve Changes or Minimum Flows
Unit Upgrades
Yates and Thurlow Relicensing Process in the early 1990s
Impacts due to Water Withdrawals

Recognized by FERC (18 CFR 11.10)

APCs HYDRO ENERGY BUDGET MODEL

INPUTS:

Daily Inflow from USGS records, or Historical APC records, or

various simulated records (i.e., ACT-ACF database)

Hourly System Lambdas use to calculate most economic use of inflows

Rule Curve, Surcharge, or Zone Control Methodologies

Flood Control Operations

Minimum Releases

Optimize to minimize weekend releases

Model downstream constraints

APCs HYDRO ENERGY BUDGET MODEL

DELIVERABLES:

Peak and Off Peak Accounting

Daily outputs as well as monthly totals

Hourly information if desired

Evaluation of Various Scenarios

APCs HYDRO ENERGY BUDGET MODEL

Average Monthly Energy MW h
60,000
XXX
50,000
XXX

XXX
40,000
XXX
30,000
XXX
20,000
XXX
10,000
XXXJAN

FEB MAR APR MAY JUN

JUL

AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

Average Monthly Turbine & Spill

800,000
XXX
700,000

XXX

600,000

XXX
500,000
XXX
400,000
300,000
XXX
200,000

XXX

100,000

XXX
JAN

FEB MAR APR MAY JUN

JUL

AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

APCs HYDRO ENERGY BUDGET MODEL

Annual Energy (MW hrs)

XXX
1,600
XXX
1,400
XXX
1,200

XXX
1,000

800
XXX

XXX
600
XXX
400
XXX
200

1992

1990

1988

1986

1984

1982

1980

1978

1976

1974

1972

1970

1968

1966

1964

1962

1960

1958

1956

1954

1952

1950

1948

1946

1944

1942

1940

XXX 0

MODEL APPLICATION
for RESERVOIR / RIVERINE SYSTEMS
HEC-5 RESERVOIR SYSTEM ANALYSIS
Seasonal Reservoir Elevation Impacts
Flow (duration) Impacts

HEC-RAS RIVER ANALYSIS SYSTEM

Single Event River Elevations
Flood Analysis
River Flow Parameters

APC HYDRO ENERGY BUDGET

Energy Impacts
Monetary Impacts