Although [sentence], [sentence].

Although [we missed the beginning of the movie], [we still enjoyed it a lot].
Even though [sentence], [sentence].
Even though [John is blind], [he is very independent].

Despite [noun/phrase], [sentence].

Despite [the rain], [I walked to school.]
In spite of [noun/phrase], [sentence].
In spite of [the rain], [I rode my bike to work.]

Because of [noun/phrase], [sentence].

Because of [the rain], I didn't go outside.
Due to [noun/phrase], [sentence].
Due to [the storm], [school was cancelled].
Owing to [noun/phrase], sentence].
Owing to [her bad grades], [Jane didn't get into a good school].

[sentence]. Therefore, [sentence].

[My phone was dead.] Therefore, [I couldn't call you.]
[sentence]. Consequently, [sentence].
[I lost my phone.] Consequently, [I couldn't call you.]
[sentence]. As a result, [sentence].

[I got a perfect score on my English test]. As a result, [my mother gave me a new cell
phone.]

Regardless of [noun/phrase], [sentence].

Regardless of [the weather], [I will ride my bicycle this afternoon.]
Regardless of [what/who/when/where/why/how], [sentence].
Regardless of [why you failed the test], [you are in trouble].
Regardless of [when the movie ends], [I want to go out to eat afterwards].
Regardless of [who my teacher is], [I'm sure it will be a good class].
Regardless of [where you live], [it's important to exercise].
Regardless of [what happens], [I will always love you].
No matter [what/who/when/where/why/how], [sentence].
No matter [why everyone hates Jon], [I still feel sorry for him].
No matter [when the movie ends], [I want to go out to eat afterwards].
No matter [who my teacher is], [I'm sure it will be a good class].
No matter [where you go], [you will be able to speak English].
No matter [what happens], [I will always love you].
No matter [how you get to school], [you'd better hurry].
1. Although

she is beautiful, everybody hates her.

2. The children slept deeply in spite of

3. In spite of

the noise.

earning a low salary, Sara helped her parents

4. Jane rarely sees Alan although

they are neighbors.

5. Kate did not do well in the exam in spite of

working very hard.

6. Although

I was very hungry, I couldn't eat.

7. In spite of

the difficulty, they managed to solve the math problem.

8. Liza never talked to him although

9. Although

she loved him.

it was cold, Marie didn't put on her coat.

10. Clare did the work in spite of

being ill.

11. Although

the weather was bad, we had a good time.

12. In spite of

all our hard work, a lot of things went wrong.

13. Although

we had planned everything carefully, a lot of things went wrong.

14. I went to hospital because

I was feeling very ill.

15. I went to work the next day although

I was still feeling ill.

16. She accepted the job in spite of

the low salary.

17. She refused the job because of

the low salary.

18. I managed to sleep although

19. I couldn't get to sleep because of
20. He runs fast in spite of

the hotel was noisy.

the noise.

his old age.

1.

she is beautiful, everybody hates her.

2. The children slept deeply

3.

the noise.

earning a low salary, Sara helped her parents

4. Jane rarely sees Alan

5. Kate did not do well in the exam

they are neighbors.

working very hard.

6.

I was very hungry, I couldn't eat.

7.

the difficulty, they managed to solve the math problem.

8. Liza never talked to him

9.

she loved him.

it was cold, Marie didn't put on her coat.

10. Clare did the work

being ill.

11.

the weather was bad, we had a good time.

12.

all our hard work, a lot of things went wrong.

13.

we had planned everything carefully, a lot of things went wrong.

14. I went to hospital

15. I went to work the next day

16. She accepted the job

I was feeling very ill.

I was still feeling ill.

the low salary.

17. She refused the job

the low salary.

18. I managed to sleep

the hotel was noisy.

19. I could not get to sleep

the noise.

Expressing likes and dislikes

To talk about your likes and dislikes, you can use these expressions.
Expressing likes:

I like

I love...

I adore

I m crazy about

Im mad about

I enjoy

Im keen on

Expressing dislikes:

I dont like

I dislike...

I hate

I abhor

I cant bear...

I cant stand

I detest...

I loathe...

Examples of likes and dislikes :

I'm mad about basketball, but I cant bear ice hockey.
I adore reading poetry, but I loathe doing the housework.
If you neither like nor dislike something:
"I don't mind doing the housework."

Things to remember about likes and dislikes:

1. When these expressions are followed by a verb, the latter is put in the -ing form.
Examples:
"I like listening to music."
"I hate wearing sunglasses."
I like
I detest

VERB+ING

I don't mind
2. Note that" very much" & " a lot" always come after the things you like.
Examples:
"I like basketball very much/a lot. NOT" I like very much/a lot basketball."

3. Be careful when you use "I don't mind..."

Examples:
"Do you mind playing football?"
"No, I don't mind."(Although it's in a negative form, it means that it's ok for me. I neither love it
nor hate it.)

Dialogue:
Steve is at home. His girlfriend comes in...Notice how they express their likes and dislikes
Steve:
Girlfriend:
Steve:
Girlfriend:
Steve:
Girlfriend:

Hello, darling. Do you fancy watching a film tonight?

Oh, no thanks, I don't really feel like watching a film tonight. How
about going out instead.
OK. Do you feel like going to the theater?
Oh, no. I hate it. Do you like eating at the new Chinese restaurant?
I don't mind. The Chinese cuisine is alright.
Well I really love it. Let's go.

Making Business Appointments

How to make appointments in English

These are expressions you'll probably need to make and change business appointments in
English.
Is it possible
to
Can I

book an
appointment

to
see
with

May I

I wonder if I
can
I'd like to

book an
appointment

to
see
with

Mr Jackson
the lawyer
the doctor
the head of the
department
...

Mr Jackson
the lawyer
the doctor
the head of the

on Monday
morning?
at 10 am?
today?
...

on Monday
morning.
at 10 am.
today.

I need to
I want to

department
...

...

Countable and uncountable nouns

You will learn about countable and uncountable nouns. but before you continue the lesson, look
at the following chart and study the nouns.
Countable

Uncountable

books

money

friends

meat

teachers

juice

tables

milk

Countable nouns (count nouns):

Countable nouns have a singular and a plural form. In plural, these nouns can be used with a
number- they can be counted. (That's why they are called "countable nouns").
Example:
1 friend, 2 friends, 3 friends...
1 book, 2 books, 3 books...
Countable nouns take many.
Example:
100 friends many friends
Uncountable nouns (uncount / non-count nouns):

Uncountable nouns can only be used in singular. These nouns cannot be used with a numberthey can't be counted. (That's why they are called "uncountable nouns").
Examples:
I have a lot of money. (Not 1000 money)
You say I drink a lot of milk. (Not 5 milk)
Uncountable nouns take much.
Example:
100 money much money
Note: Of course you can count money, milk, meat; but then you would use the currency, liter,
kilo, glass,...and say that you have got:

5 euros or dollars... (but not 5 money).

2 liters, pints, glasses... of milk (but not 2 milk)

3 kilos... of meat (but not 3 meat)

10 bottles of mineral water... (but not 10 mineral water)

Decide whether these nouns are countable (C) or uncountable (U)

1. The children are playing in the garden.

2. I don't like milk.

3. I prefer tea.

4. Scientists say that the environment is threatened by pollution.

5. My mother uses butter to prepare cakes.

6. There are a lot of windows in our classroom.

7. We need some glue to fix this vase.

8. The waiters in this restaurant are very professional.

9. My father drinks two big glasses of water every morning.

10. The bread my mother prepares is delicious.

11. Drivers must be careful; the road is slippery.

12. Some policemen are organizing road traffic to avoid any accidents.

13. I bought three bottles of mineral water for our picnic.

14. I'd like some juice please!

15. Successful candidates will join the camp later this year.

16. A rise in oil prices is inevitable since there is more and more world demand for energy.

17. The exercises on this website are interesting.

18. Dehydrated babies must drink a lot of water.

19. Adult illiterates learn through a special government program.

20. I met some nice people when I was walking along the beach.

Writing a book/film review

Follow these steps to write a book or film review.
Pre writing
Remember and take notes of the plot of the story. What impression did it produce on you?
Writing

Introduction: give the title and author of the book. If you're reviewing a film
mention the director or actors.

Body:
1. Summarize the plot in a few sentences.
2. Mention the setting: the place and time of the plot.
3. Say something about the main characters.
4. Say something about the content.

Conclusion:
1. Comment on the book or film.
2. Let others know whether or not you liked the book/film.
3. Why do you like it? Why don't you like it?
4. Is the author's style good or bad, is the book / film interesting or boring etc.
5. Do you want to recommend the book/film?

Post writing
Edit your writing.
Useful Expressions:
Title, Author / Director, Actors
The film is directed by
The film is produced by..
It is starred by...
The book is written by ...
Setting
The action takes place in ... (setting)
The action of the film is set in ...
The story takes place in...
Characters and Plot
The main characters are ...
The story is about ....
The novel tells the story of ...
In the course of the novel the action develops dramatically.
The novel / film begins with...
The novel has an unexpected ending.
The end of ... is ...
Reaction
I am impressed by
I think ....

The book is terribly / beautifully written

The film is terrible / exciting.
What surprised me is ...
What I liked is...
What I didn't like is...
I liked/didn't like the film / novel because ...

Writing - An email to a hotel manager to make a reservation

Hotels

When traveling, we almost always stay at hotels. That's why it is advisable to pay attention to the
following:

Book a room in advance.

On arrival, confirm your reservation. Check in at the reception.

At large hotels you may ask for services by phone. For example, you may call
for room service when you want a drink or a meal.

Let the hotel manager know well in advance when you will leave.

Booking a room

To book a room you need to do one of the following:

to make a phone call,

to write a letter,

or to write an email.

Writing an email to make a reservation

1. Include all relevant information in your email:

your complete contact information,

date and time of arrival and departure,

number of days of your stay,

type of room and any special needs or requests such as a smoking or

nonsmoking room.

2. Be to the point. don't include any unnecessary details.

3. Be polite and start your email by "Dear sir or Madam"
4. Example:
Dear Sir or Madam,

Would you mind reserving a nonsmoking room for me and my wife for this date (...) We will be
spending three nights. We will arrive on August 4th at 5 o'clock in the morning.
Please charge my credit card for the initial deposit required. Include any discounts that my
early registration permits.
Credit card number:
Name:
Expiration date:
I look forward to receiving a letter confirming my reservation.
Thank you.
Name
5. Don't forget your name, address, email, phone, fax or any contact details.