SEMINAR: 9

TOPIC: FOOD PRODUCTS AND TECHNOLOGY

SPECIFIC TOPIC: INDUSTRIAL SCALE BREAD MAKING

LESSON GOALS: At the end of the lesson Ss will get the knowledge about the technology of the
Industrial scale bread making and add their words and expressions related with text
 Read the text and answer the questions
 Enrich the student’s vocabulary related with text
 Do puzzle
 Watch video lesson about milk processing technology

USING MATERIALS:
 World Health Organization “The management of nutrition in major emergencies” Geneva 2000
 Êay Yockey Mehas, Sharon Lesley Rodgers ”Food Science and You”
 Harms H.R “Experience Technology” London 1997
 Morello A.M “Microbiology” London 2006
 www.fao.org
 www.who.org
 Grammar in use

GRAMMAR SECTION: HAVE

There are four different ways that have is used.
1. As an auxiliary verb to form perfect tenses.
Positive: I’ve always wanted to go to America.
She had already done it.
Negative: I haven’t seen it.
Question: have you done it yet?
2. As a full verb to refer to an activity
Present simple:
I have a lesson every Monday.
I don’t have meetings very often.
How often do you have a bath?

Present continuous.
They are having an argument about money.
I am not having a holiday this year.
When are you having lunch?

Past simple:
I had difficulty staring the car this morning.
I didn’t have any breakfast.
What did you have for lunch?

3. As a full verb to refer to a state.

Present simple
He has a new car.
He has got a new car.
He doesn’t have any children.
He hasn’t got any children.
Do you have a headache?
 Have you got a headache?
British English prefers the form with got, while American English generally uses the
other form. However, if there is an idea of preposition or habit, the forms with got are not
used.
Compare the following sentences;
I have got a headache. It is killing me.
I often have a headache at this time of day.

Present continuous
It is incorrect use have in the present continuous tp refer to a possession.
Past simple
I had a bad back last week.
I didn’t have enough money.
Did you have a bicycle when you were young?
4. As a modal auxiliary verbs to express obligation.
Present simple
I have to go now
I don’t have to work terribly hard.
Do you have to wear uniform?
When the obligation is on a specific occasion, it is possible to use a form of have with
got.
I have got to go now. Bye, bye
Have you got to wear that hat? It looks awful.
When the same obligation often occurs, the forms with got are not used.
I never have to do anything at home. My mother does it all.
Do you have to go abroad much in your job?

Present continuous
We are having to eat less meat. It is too expensive.
She’s having to work day and night for her exam?
The present continuous form have above is used to express an external obligation in
progress. This use is rare.
I had to save for two years to afford a holiday.
We didn’t have to wait long – only a few minutes.
Did you have to pay interest on the loan?
EXERCISE:
Make the following sentences negative.
Example: he’s got a yacht.
He hasn’t got a yacht.
a. She’s been to America
b. I have a bath every day.
c. She’s got long hair.
d. They have to work very hard.
Make the following sentences into a question.
Example: he’s got three brothers.
How many brothers has she got?
a. He’s written three books.
b. I have lunch at 1.00
c. He’s got a Rolls Royce.
d. I have to get up at 6.00

Put the following sentences into the past.

 Example:
I am having bath
I was having a bath.
a. I have a holiday every year.
In Mexico last year
b. I’ve got a car.
My first car when I was 19.
c. I have to work hard.
When I was at school.

 NEW WORDS AND VOCABULARY

BEFORE READING TEXT, READ THE SOME NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS,
EXPLAINING OF THE THEM, AND FIND OUT AND GUESS WHAT THE MEANINGS
ARE IN MONGOLIAN.

 Scale- if you refer to the scale of something, you are referring to its size or extent
 Bread- bread is a food from flour, water, and often yeast
 Repeated- repeated action or events are ones which happen many times
 Glue- glue is a sticky substance used for joining things together
 Loaf- a loaf of bread is bread in a shape that can be cut into slices
 Flour- flour is a white or brown powder that is made by grinding grain. It is used to make
bread, cakes and pastry
 Pass- if you pass something through, over or round something else, you move or push it
through
 Rise- if something rises, it moves upwards

 READING

READ THE TEXT. TRY TO UNDERSTAND THE MEANING OF THE ANY NEW WORDS
OR EXPRESIONS WHILE YOU ARE READING THE TEXT. AFTER THAT, LOOK FOR
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS.
 Industrial Scale Bread Making

Eight steps are common to industrial-scale bread production in many parts of the world:
1) Grain, yeast, water, and other ingredients are combined to form bread dough. The dough is
kneaded by repeatedly pressing, turning, and folding it to develop the gluten in the flour and
create air pockets. The dough is then allowed to stand for a few hours, enabling the yeast to
enlarge the air pockets, making the bread rise; 2) The dough is fed into an automatic slicing
machine that divides the dough into uniformly sized loaves and deposits them into bread pans; 3)
The loaves slowly pass through a temperature- and humidity-controlled environment, where they
rise a second time; 4) The loaves pass through a hot-air convection oven where they are baked;
6) The bread pans are separated from the loaves and routed on a conveyer belt through a
dishwasher; 7) The cooled loaves are sliced and wrapped; 8) The loaves are loaded into trucks
that deliver the fresh bread to retail outlets.
Making yeast breads involves five basic steps: mixing, kneading, and rising the dough,
then shaping and baking the bread. Flour is mixed with yeast, liquid ingredients—usually milk or
water and any additional ingredients such as salt, sugar, and shortening to form dough. After the
dough becomes too thick to stir, it is kneaded by repeatedly pressing, folding, and turning it to
develop and stretch the gluten, which helps the bread rise.
Bread on a Conveyor Belt Industrial bread-making operations have replaced traditional
methods of bread making in many parts of the world. Here, loaves of bread are moved along a
conveyor at an industrial bakery.
The kneaded dough is allowed to ferment until it rises to double its original size. It is then
punched down and kneaded again briefly to break up large air pockets into smaller ones and to
remix the dough slightly, enabling the yeast to come into contact with any pockets of un-
metabolized sugars, and then allowed to rise again. Different types of bread dough may be
allowed to rise several times, contributing to the texture and volume of the bread.

 READ THE TEXT AGAIN AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS

1. How many steps are there to make bread in the world?

2. Please retell the common steps to make industrial scale bread?
3. What are the ingredients to make the industrial scale bread?
4. Please name the steps of the making yeast bread?