Revolutionary Movements

When Jose Rizal was arrested on July 6, 1892 many patriotic Filipinos like
Andres Bonifacio decided to create a secret society.
I. KKK (Kataastaasan Kagalanggalang na Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan)
They named it Kataastaasan Kagalanggalang na Katipunan ng mga Anak ng
Bayan (KKK).
The 3 primary objectives were Civic, Political and Moral;
1. Civic objective was based on the principle of self-help and the defense of the
weak and the poor.
2. Political objective was the separation of the Philippines from Spain.
3. Moral objective focus on the teaching of good manners, hygiene and good moral
character.
The result of the election for the 1st Supreme Council of KKK are the following;
Supremo or President: Deodato Arellano
Comptroller: Andres Bonifacio
Fiscal: Ladislao Diwa
Secretary: Teodoro Plata
Treasurer: Valentin Diaz
The three (3) governing bodies of Katipunan are;
1. Supreme council- Kataastaasang Sanggunian
2. Provincial council- Sangguniang Bayan
3. Popular council- Sangguniang Balangay
There was a Judicial council- Sangguniang Hukuman who render judgment for any
violations committed by the members.
In 1893 Supremo Deodato Arellano was replaced by Roman Basa. In 1895, finally,
Bonifacio became the Supremo of KKK.
Many Spaniard officials heard about the secret society or KKK but unable to get a
concrete proof. Until Teodoro Patino a member of KKK had quarreled with another
Katipunero. In August 19, 1896, Patino disclosed the information about the
existence of the secret society to a Spanish friar Mariano Gil.
On August 24, 1896, Katipuneros held a meeting in Sitio Kangkong, Balintawak. The
following day they went to sitio Pugadlawin, Balintawak.
They held a huge meeting in the yard of Juan A. Ramos, the son of the Mother of
Katipunan Melcho Aquino or Tandang Sora.
Bonifacio asked the member of Katipunan if they are prepared to fight for freedom
and independence.

They tore their cedulas to show that they are prepared to take arms
against Spaniards.
On May 10, 1897, Bonifacio was brought to Mount Tala and executed after
convicted of a charge of Treason.
II. Biak-Na-Bato Republic
Emilio Agunaldo established a republican government at Biak na Bato thus
they called the government as Biak na Bato Republic
On December 15, 1897, the Filipino rebels and the Spanish colonial government
through Gov. General Fernando Primo de Rivera entered into an agreement to cease
the Revolution. The agreement states that;
1. Aguinaldo and his men should go to voluntary exile.
2. Gov. General Primo de Rivera would pay Aguinaldo of P800,000 in three
installment;
a. P400, 000 upon the departure of Aguinaldo from the country.
b. P200, 000 when arms surrendered to Spanish government.
c. P200, 000 when general amnesty had been proclaimed.
3. Gov. General would pay an additional P900, 000 to the families of non-combatant
who suffered in Revolution.
On December 27, 1897, Aguinaldo went to Hongkong with P400, 000 check.