Our Lady of Fatima University

College of Business and Accountancy

City of San Fernando (P)
MACROECONOMICS

Submitted by:
Garcia, Jovy Dela
Merced
Mendoza, Gerald

Submitted to:
Mr. Mark Joseph
Sangil

Intal
Nicdao, Neilborne
Aguillar
Susi, Teodilim
Villanueva, Nelvin
Bachelor of Science in Business Administration 2Y2-3

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Poland's history as a state begins near the middle of the 10th century. By the
mid-16th century, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth ruled a vast tract of land in
central and eastern Europe. During the 18th century, internal disorders weakened the
nation, and in a series of agreements between 1772 and 1795, Russia, Prussia, and
Austria partitioned Poland among themselves.
Poland regained its independence in 1918 only to be overrun by Germany and
the Soviet Union in World War II. It became a Soviet satellite state following the war, but
its government was comparatively tolerant and progressive. Labor turmoil in 1980 led to
the formation of the independent trade union "Solidarity" that over time became a
political force with over ten million members.
Free elections in 1989 and 1990 won Solidarity control of the parliament and the
presidency, bringing the communist era to a close. A "shock therapy" program during the
early 1990s enabled the country to transform its economy into one of the most robust in
Central Europe.

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Poland joined NATO in 1999 and the European Union in 2004. With its
transformation to a democratic, market-oriented country largely completed and with
large investments in defense, energy, and other infrastructure, Poland is an increasingly
active member of Euro-Atlantic organizations.

Location
Central Europe, east of German
Geographic Coordinate
52 00 N, 20 00 E
Area
total: 312,685 sq km
country comparison to the world: 70
land: 304,255 sq km
water: 8,430 sq km
Climate
temperate with cold, cloudy, moderately severe winters with frequent
precipitation; mild summers with frequent showers and thundershowers
Natural Resources
Coal
Sulfur
copper
natural gas
silver
lead
salt
amber
arable land

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Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River,
in east-central Poland, roughly 260 kilometres (160 mi) from the Baltic Sea and 300
kilometres (190 mi) from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population is estimated at 1.729
million residents within agreater metropolitan area of 2.666 million residents, which
makes Warsaw the 9th most populous capital city in theEuropean Union.The area of the
city covers 516.9 square kilometres (199.6 sq mi), while the city's agglomeration covers
6,100.43 square kilometres (2,355.39 sq mi).

In 2012 Warsaw was ranked as the 32nd most liveable city in the world by the

Economist Intelligence Unit.

The city is a significant centre of research and development, BPO, ITO, as well

as Polish media industry.

Palace of Culture and Science, an example ofSocialist realism and a main
landmark of Warsaw

The Poles (singular masculine: Polak, singular feminine: Polka) are

a nation of predominantly West Slavic ethnic origin who are native to East
Central Europe, inhabiting mainly Poland. The present population of Poles
living in Poland is estimated at 36,522,000 out of the overall Poland
population of 38,512,000 (based on the census of 2011). The preamble to
the Constitution of the Republic of Poland defines the Polish nation as
comprising all the citizens of Poland.

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Polish people are the sixth largest national group in the European Union.
Estimates vary depending on source, though available data suggest a total
number of around 60 million people worldwide (with roughly 21 million living
outside of Poland, many of whom are not of Polish ethnicity, but Polish
nationals).[11] There are almost 38 million Poles in Poland alone. There are
also Polish minorities in the surrounding countries including Germany,
and indigenous minorities in the Czech Republic, Lithuania, Ukraine,
and Belarus. There are some smaller indigenous minorities in nearby
countries such as Moldova and Latvia. There is also a Polish minority
in Russia which includes indigenous Poles as well as those forcibly deported
during and after World War II; the total number of Poles in what was the
formerSoviet Union is estimated at up to 3 million.

The term "Polonia" is usually used in Poland to refer to people of Polish origin
who live outside Polish borders, officially estimated at around 10 to 20 million.
There is a notable Polish diaspora in the United States, Canada,
and Brazil. France has a historic relationship with Poland and has a relatively
large Polish-descendant population. Poles have lived in France since the 18th
century. In the early 20th century, over a million Polish people settled in
France, mostly during world wars, among them Polish migrs fleeing either
Nazi occupation or later Soviet rule.

Famous People from Poland

Pope John Paul II (1920-2005)

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Madame Curie

Nicolaus Copernicus

National

Costume in Poland

Nationality
noun: Pole(s)
adjective: Polish
Ethnic Groups
Polish 96.9%
Silesian 1.1%
German 0.2%
Ukrainian 0.1%
other and unspecified 1.7%
Languages
Polish (official) 96.2%
Polish and non-Polish 2%
non-Polish 0.5%
unspecified 1.3%

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 Religions
Catholic 87.2% (includes Roman Catholic 86.9% and Greek Catholic,

Armenian Catholic, and Byzantine-Slavic Catholic .3%)

Orthodox 1.3% (almost all are Polish Autocephalous Orthodox)
Protestant 0.4% (mainly Augsburg Evangelical and Pentacostal)
other 0.4% (includes Jehovah's Witness, Buddhist, Hare Krishna, Gaudiya

Vaishnavism, Muslim, Jewish, Mormon)

unspecified 10.8%

Population
38,458,901 (as of 2015)
country comparison to the world: 35
Age Structure
0-14 years: 14.6% (male 2,876,264/female 2,716,569)
15-24 years: 11.9% (male 2,333,627/female 2,235,228)
25-54 years: 43.8% (male 8,459,153/female 8,355,491)
55-64 years: 14.7% (male 2,658,106/female 2,973,933)
65 years and over: 14.5% (male 2,224,569/female 3,513,339)
Birth Rate
9.77 births/1,000 population
country comparison to the world: 200
Death Rate
10.37 deaths/1,000 population
country comparison to the world: 43
Sex Ratio
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.62 male(s)/female
total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2014 est.)
Education Expenditure
5.2% of GDP (2010)
country comparison to the world: 65

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 Literacy Rate
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99.7%
male: 99.9%
female: 99.6% (2011 est.)

PLN - Polish Zloty

The currency symbol is z.
TOP PNL Exchange Rate
EUR

1 PLN

0.23994

GBP

USD

CAD

0.1739 0.2660 0.3318

4

AUD
0.34026

XAU

TRY

HUF

0.0002 0.6801
2

PHP

73.522411.7410

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 Coins:
Freq Used: z1, z2, z5, 1gr, 2gr, 5gr, 10gr, 20gr, 50gr
Banknotes:
Freq Used: z10, z20, z50, z100, z200
Central Bank:
National Bank of Poland

Country Leader
Bronisaw Komorowski
President of Poland

a Polish politician and historian

who has been President

of Poland since 2010. As Marshal of the Sejm (Speaker of Parliament),

Komorowski exercised powers and duties of head of state following the
death of President Lech Kaczyski in a plane crash on 10 April 2010.
Komorowski was the governing Civic Platform party's candidate in the
resulting 2010 presidential election, which he won in the second round of
voting on 4 July 2010. He was sworn in as president on 6 August 2010.
Komorowski is thus the second person to serve on two occasions as the
Polish head of state since 1918 after Maciej Rataj. Rataj, however, was
twice acting president, while Komorowski first acted as president, and then
became elected president. Komorowski served as minister of

Defence from 2000 to 2001.

Born: June 4, 1952 (age 62), Oborniki lskie, Poland
Nationality: Polish
Spouse: Anna Komorowska (m. 1977)
Office: President of Poland since 2010
Presidential term: August 6, 2010

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Children: Elbieta Jadwiga Komorowska

Government Type
Democratic republic.
The political system of the Republic of Poland is defined by the Constitution of
2nd April 1997.
The Constitution states that the Republic of Poland is a democratic state ruled
by law, implementing the rules of social justice, safeguarding the
independence and integrity of its territory, ensuring the freedoms and rights of
persons and citizens and the security of the citizens, safeguarding the
national heritage and ensuring the protection of the natural environment in
line with the principle of sustainable development.
The Constitution ensures that there is freedom of the press and of other
means of social communication, as well as freedom of belief, religion and
philosophy, and it protects marriage, understood as the union of a man and a
woman, the family, motherhood and parenthood.
A social market economy, based on freedom of economic activity, private
ownership and solidarity, dialogue and cooperation between social partners,
is the basis of the economic system of the Republic of Poland.
The system of government of the Republic of Poland is based on the principle
that there is separation and balance between legislative, executive and
judicial powers.
Legislative power is vested in the Sejm and the Senate, executive power is
vested in the President of the Republic of Poland and the Council of Ministers
and judicial power is vested in courts and tribunals.
Country Name

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conventional long form: Republic of Poland

conventional short form: Poland
local long form: Rzeczpospolita Polska
local short form: Polska

Independence
1 November 1918 (republic proclaimed); notable earlier dates: 966 (adoption
of Christianity, traditional founding date), 1 July 1569 (Polish-Lithuanian
Commonwealth created)
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Political Parties and Leaders
Civic Platform or PO [Donald TUSK, chairman; Rafal GRUPINSKI,

parliamentary caucus leader]

Democratic Left Alliance or SLD [Leszek MILLER, chairman, parliamentary

caucus leader]
Democratic Party or PD [Andrzej CELINSKI, chairman]
Democratic Party or SD [Pawel PISKORSKI, chairman]
German Minority of Lower Silesia or MNSO [Ryszard GALLA, representative]
Law and Justice or PiS [Jaroslaw KACZYNSKI, chairman; Mariusz

BLASZCZAK, parliamentary caucus leader]

League of Polish Families or LPR [Witold BALAZAK, chairman]
Poland Comes First or PJN [Pawel KOWAL, chairperson]
Poland Together or PR [Jaroslaw GOWIN, chairman]
Polish People's Party or PSL [Janusz PIECHOCINSKI, chairman; Jan BURY,

parliamentary caucus leader]

Social Democratic Party of Poland or SDPL [Wojciech FILEMONOWICZ,

chairman]
Union of Labor or UP [Waldemar WITKOWSKI, chairman]
United Poland or SP [Zbigniew ZIOBRO, chairperson; Arkadiusz

MULARCZYK, parliamentary caucus leader]

Your Movement or TR [Janusz PALIKOT, chairman, parliamentary caucus
leader] (formerly Palikot's Your Movement)

Flag Description
two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red; colors derive from the
Polish emblem - a white eagle on a red field

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note: similar to the flags of Indonesia and Monaco which are red (top) and
white

National Symbol
white eagle
National Anthem
"Mazurek Dabrowskiego" (Dabrowski's Mazurka)

What are your chances of getting a job?

Poland is the gateway between Western and Eastern Europe and is part of an
evolving region with a growing economy. You'll have a better chance of
securing a job if you can speak Polish. While English and German are the
most commonly spoken foreign languages, neither is by any means

commonly used or understood.

It may be relatively easy to find part-time or temporary work, but securing a
full-time graduate level role may be more difficult, particularly with the high

unemployment rate that Poland faces.

A lot of graduates, even from the best universities in Poland, have difficulties
in finding a good job. While wages are increasing, many Polish graduates

come to the UK to work as they get a better salary.

To improve your chances of getting a good job in Poland, try to gain extra
qualifications and work experience. Knowledge and practical skills in a certain
sector will help and foreign language and IT skills are popular with employers.

Where can you work?

Major industries: machine building, food processing and beverages,

chemicals, iron and steel, shipbuilding, glass, textiles, coal mining.

Industries in decline: agriculture and metalwork.
Shortage occupations: sales representatives and general office, industrial,
construction and technical workers.

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Major companies: PKO Bank Polski (regional banks), PGE (electric utilities),
Grupa PZU (insurance), Pgnig Group (oil and gas), KGHM Polska Miedz
(metals and mining), PKN Orlen (oil and gas), Tauron Group (electric utilities).

Whats it like working in Poland?

Average working hours: working hours should not exceed eight hours per day,
or 40 hours in a five day working week. Overtime hours are possible, as is
night-time work (classed as between 9pm and 7am).
Holidays: annual leave is accrued after the first month of work. Employees
who have worked for a year or more are entitled to at least 20 days paid
annual leave; 26 days if they have worked for more than 10 years.
Tax rates: Poland's tax system is progressive; the higher the income, the
higher the rate of tax. The rate of income tax paid is 18% if you earn between
3,091 PLN and 85,258 PLN. If you earn over 85,259 PLN you pay 32% in
income tax. Don't forget to check your UK tax and National Insurance position
with HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) to ensure that you are not losing any
UK pension rights.

Job market in Poland

Poland is one of the few countries in the European Union (EU) that avoided a
hit during the global economic downturn, actually managing to increase its
gross domestic product (GDP) in the midst of the crisis.

The majority of the country's workforce is in the services sector but other main
industries include:

chemicals;

coal mining;

food processing;

iron and steel;

glass;

machine building;

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shipbuilding;

textiles

Best Paying Jobs in Poland

[1] Data Warehousing Specialist (Information Technology)

40,000 PLN

[2] Insurance Analyst (Insurance)

33,333 PLN

[3] General Manager (Executive and Management)

30,000 PLN

[4] Banking Operations Department Manager (Banking)

30,000 PLN

[5] Director of Application Development (Information Technology) 25,000 PLN

[6] Relationship Manager (Banking)

25,000 PLN

[7] Marketing Director (Marketing)

22,500 PLN

[8] Service Delivery Manager (Information Technology)

20,833 PLN

[9] Purchasing Manager (Purchasing and Inventory)

20,000 PLN

[10] Field Engineering Manager (Engineering)

20,000 PLN

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