Catholic Junior College

H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examination 2010

Paper 2 -- Solutions
Section A
1.

2 x 4 x 70
1 0
x 2 4 x 77
2 x 2 4 x 70 x 2 4 x 77
0
x 2 4 x 77
x2 7
0
x 2 4 x 77
x2 7
0
( x 11)( x 7)
Since numerator is always positive, we can consider
( x 11)( x 7) 0
x 7 or x 11
2

Substitute x with e x ,
e x 7 or e x 11 (N.A.)
x ln 7 or 1.95 (3 s.f.)

2.

1 2 2

(a)(i) Normal of p1 = 1 x 1 1
1 1 3

1

Direction of l1 = 1
1

2 1

1 . 1

3 1

o
Angle between l1 and normal of p1 = cos 1
128.1
(4 1 9)(1 1 1)

o
o
o
Hence angle between l1 and p1 = 128.1 90 = 38.1
3.75
4

4 x 15
(ii) 0 and 0.5 are two points on the line
y;

2
2 .5
2 .5

Substituting each point into equation of plane,

3.75 + 2.5 = 1 . (1)

5
2

3.25 + 2.5 = 0 . (2)

= 2, = 2.6
2

Normal of p3 b
1

0 .5

Direction vector of l 2 1
0

2 0 .5

b . 1 0; b 1
1 0

Eqn of plane p 4 containing line l 2 is

2 3.75 2


r. 1 0 . 1 10
1 2 .5 1

Distance between l 2 and p3

3.

10
6

1
6

3 6
2

(i) Since Rg Df , fg does not exist.

(ii) fh exists if Rg (0, ) . Hence ln( x 3) 0 x 4 hence least a = 4.

fh : x ln( x 3)

2
, for x 4
ln( x 3)

(iii)
y

y x

2
x

y=x

( 2, 2 2 )
x

( 2 , 2 2 )

Rf (, 2 2 ] [2 2 , )
2

Since the line y = c (candidates should indicate a horizontal line where c 2 2 or

c 2 2 ) cuts the graph twice, f is not 1-1 and hence f-1 does not exist.
Since f-1 exists, for x > k, and f is 1-1 for x > 2 ,
the least value of k 2 .
4.

(a) Since y = x and

LHS 1

dy
1,
dx

x2 x2
RHS
2x2

(b) y ux
dy
du
ux
dx
dx
du x 2 u 2 x 2
ux

dx
2 x(ux )

du 1 u 2

2u
dx
2
du 1 u
x

u
dx
2u
du 1 u 2 2u 2
x

dx
2u
du 1 u 2
x

( shown )
dx
2u
2u
1
1 u 2 du x dx
2u
1
1 u 2 du x dx
ln(1 u 2 ) ln x C
A
1 u2
x
A
u2 1
x
2
y
A
1
2
x
x
2
2
y x Ax
(c)
d 2x
4ae 2t
dt 2
dx
2ae 2t C
dt
x ae 2t Ct D
ux

Since entire population is wiped out by the disease eventually, as

Hence, C = 0, D = 0.
x ae 2t
a represents the initial population of the fish (in thousands).

x 2e 2t
x e 2t

Section B

5.

(a)(i) No. of ways = 6! = 720

(ii) No. of ways = 26 = 64
(iii) No. of ways = 6 C1 6 C 2 6 C 3 6 C 4 6 C 5 6 C 6 63
(b) Case : Daen and Vera not in the group
No. of ways = 8 C 5 56
Case : Daen and Vera in the group
No. of ways = 8 C 3 56
Case : Vera in the group without Daen
No. of ways = 8 C 4 70
Total no. of ways = 56 + 56 + 70 = 182

6.

(i)
0.02

Deformed

0.98

Not deformed

0.03

Deformed

0.97

Not deformed

Supplier A
p

1p
Supplier B

1
3
P(fish-ball is deformed) = 0.02 p 0.03(1 p )
0.02 0.03(2)

3
3
0.08

3
2

75
(iii)
f( p ) P(supplied by B | it is deformed)
P(supplied by B and is deformed)

P(it is deformed)
(1 p )(0.03)

(1 p )(0.03) ( p )(0.02)
(1 p)(3)

(1 p)(3) ( p)(2)
3(1 p)

3 p
(ii) p

(1)(3 p ) (1)(1 p)
f ' ( p ) 3

(3 p) 2

(3 p) 2
6
f ' ( p)
0 p [0,1] since (3 p) 2 0 p [0,1]
2
(3 p)
This means that as a larger proportion of fish-balls are supplied by A, it is less likely
that a randomly chosen deformed fish-ball is supplied by B.

7.

(i) Let X be the no. of times the particular residential area is flooded in 4 months.
4
X ~ Po
3
P(X 2) = 0.3849400
= 0.385
(ii) Let Y be the no. of 4-month periods, out of 12, in which the particular residential
area is flooded at least twice.
P(X 2) = 0.3849400
Y ~ B(12, 0.3849400)
P(Y 5) = 0.704
(iii) Let X be the no. of times the particular residential area is flooded in 5 years.
X ~ Po 20
Since = 20 > 10,
X ~ N 20,20 approximately
P(X 11) = P(X 10.5)
= 0.983
(iv) Let Y be the no. of years, out of 40, in which there are at most 3 floodings.
Y ~ B(40, 0.433470)
Since n = 40 > 30, np = 17.3388 > 5, nq = 22.6612 > 5,
Y ~ N(17.3388, 9.82295) approximately
P(Y n) < 0.8
P(Y n 0.5) < 0.8
P(Y n 0.5) > 0.2
n 0.5 > 14.7010
n > 15.2010
Least n = 16

8.

Let r.v. A be the mass of a snapper fish and r.v. B be the mass of a pomfret fish.
A ~ N(1, 0.12); B ~ N(0.6, 0.052)
(a)(i) A1 + A2 + A3 + B1 +B2 ~ N(4.2, 0.035)
P[A1 + A2 + A3 + B1 +B2 > 4.5] = 0.0544
(ii) A1 + A2 + A3 2B ~ N(1.8, 0.04)
P[A1 + A2 + A3 2B > 1.85] = 0.401
(iii) 12A + 7( B1 +B2) ~ N(20.4, 1.685)
P[12A + 7( B1 +B2) > 21] = 0.322
12(A1 + A2 + + An) + 7(B1 +B2 + .+ B15 n) ~ N(63 + 7.8n, 1.8375 + 1.3175n)

P[12(A1 + A2 + + An) + 7(B1 +B2 + .+ B15 n) > 150 ] < 0.7.

Largest n = 11
9.

(a)
Arts
Boys
75
30 2.81 3
800
Girls 145
30 5.4375 5
800
Total 8

Science
320
30 12
800
260
30 9.75 10
800
22

Total
15

15
30

Alternative strata: by CCA/gender or by class/gender or any other sensible suggestion

(b)

x 4537, ( x x )

4825.62

4537
1
90.74, 2
( x x ) 2 98.48204

50
49
98.48204
X ~ N (90.74,
) approx by CLT.
60
P(90 X 100) 0.718
10. (i) Let X be the random variable the length of one random metal rod.
Since sample size n = 8 is small and population variance is unknown,
we assume X is normal and use t-test.

H0 : = 14 cm
H1 : > 14 cm
At 4% level of significance, reject H0 if p-value < 0.04
x 113.40

x = n = 8 = 14.175
2
1
1
113.402
11
2
2 ( x)
[ x n ] = 7 [1607.72
] = 280 = 0.0392857143
s =
8
n1

x 0
14.175 14
= 2.497271238
Test-statistic, t = s =
0.0392857143
8
n
From GC, t = 2.497271238
p = 0.020578114
Since p-value < 0.04, we reject H0
and conclude that at 4% significance level there is sufficient evidence that the mean
length of the metal rods is more than 14 cm i.e. complaint is valid.
Assume X is normal.
It means that there is a 0.04 probability of wrongly concluding that the mean length of
the metal rods is larger than 14 cm when in fact it is 14 cm.

9
9
n
[sample variance] = 9-1 [0.2002] = 0.045 or 200
n1

x 0
x 14
test-statistic, T = s =
0.045
9
n
Since complaint not valid, do not reject H0, p-value > 0.04

x 14
< invT(1 0.04,8)

0.045
9
(ii) In this case, s2 =

x 14
< 2.004151525
0.045
9

x < 14.14171491

x < 14.14 (to 2 d.p.)

11.

(i) r = 0.906
(ii)
% earning more than
$5000, y

% of graduates, x

(iii) x increases as y increases, but by decreasing amounts. This is consistent with a

model of the form y a b ln x .
(iv) a = -35.4, b = 22.3

(v) y 35.4 (22.3) ln 84 63.4

(vi) Since x does not lie within the data range, extrapolation will make the estimate
unreliable.