A

Technical Seminar Report

On

TRANSPARENT ELECTRONICS
Submitted in partial fulfilment of requirements
For the award of the Degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
By
GAJULA PRAVEENKUMAR (12K91A0447)

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

TKR INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(Approved by AICTE, Affiliated to JNTUH, Hyderabad)
MEDBOWLI, MEERPET, SAROORNAGAR
HYDERABAD-500097
2016

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that technical seminar report on entitled TRANSPARENT

ELECTRONICS is being submitted by

GAJULA PRAVEENKUMAR

(12K91A0447)

This record is a bonafide work carried out by him/her during the year 2016 under the
guidance and supervision of

Ms. INDIRA

Ms. P.Kalyani

Ms. V.Jhansi Reddy

Assistant Professor

Assistant Professor

Assistant Professor

Internal guide

Project coordinator

Project coordinator

External Examiner

Dr. D. Nageshwara Rao

HOD, ECE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The satisfaction that accompanies the successful completion of any task would be
incomplete without the mention of the people who made it possible and whose constant
guidance and encouragement crown all the efforts success.
We owe our profound gratitude to our coordinators Ms. P.Kalyani, Assistant
Professor and Ms. V.Jhansi Reddy, Assistant Professor who took keen interest on our
project and guided us all along, till the completion of our project by providing all the
necessary information for developing a good product.
I would like to convey thanks to our Project guide at college Ms. INDIRA, Assistant
Professor for her guidance, encouragement, co-operation and kindness during the entire
duration of the course and academics
I am extremely grateful to our respected Dr.D.V. RAVI SHANKAR Principal,
TKRCET for fostering an excellent academic climate in our institution. I also express my
sincere gratitude to our respected Dr.D. NAGESHWARA RAO, HOD Department of ECE
for his encouragement, overall guidance in viewing this project a good asset and effort in
bringing out this project.
Last but not the least we also thank our friends and family members for helping us in
completing the project.

GAJULA PRAVEENKUMAR

(12K91A0447)

DECLARATION

We declare that the technical seminar report work entitled TRANSPARENT

ELECTRONICS is original and bonafide work of our own under the guidance of
Ms.INDIRA, Assistant professor and has not been copied from any earlier reports and not
submitted to any other institution.

GAJULA PRAVEENKUMAR

(12K91A0447)

INDEX
Contents

Page no.

List of figures
Abstract

Vi
Vii

Title

Page no.

Chapter 1

01-02

1.1 INTRODUCTION

01

Chapter 2

03-04

2.1 PRE-HISTORY
03
2.1.1 TRANSPARENT CONDUCTIVE OXIDES

03

2.1.2 THIN FILM TRANSISTORS

04

Chapter 3

05-07

3.1 HOW TRANPARENT ELECTRONICS WORK?

05

3.1.1 OXIDES PLAY KEY ROLE

06

Chapter 4

08-12

4.1 ADVANCEMENTS

08

Chapter 5

13-14

5.1 APPLICATIONS

13

Chapter 6

15-18

6.1 MARKET OF TRANSPARENT ELECTRONICS

15

6.1.1 LEADING FACTORS

16
6.1.2 NON TRANSPARENT ASPECTS

18

Chapter 7

19

7.1 FUTURE SCOPE

19

Chapter 8

20
5

8.1 CONCLUSION

20

Chapter 9

21

9.1 REFERENCES

21
LIST OF FIGURES

Figure no.

Figure name

Page no.

Fig 1.1

transparent computer

01
Fig 2.1

fabrication of TFT

04
Fig 2.2

structure of TFT

04
Fig 3.1

ZnO-TFT characteristics

06
Fig 4.1

characteristics other than transparency

09
Fig 4.2

fabrication of SWNT transistor

10
Fig 4.3

generation of transparent electronics

11

Fig 5.1

examples of transparent electronics

14

Fig 6.1

forecast of transparent electronics

15

Fig 7.1

Graphene

19

ABSTRACT

Transparent electronics is an emerging science and technology field focused on

producing invisible electronic circuitry and opto-electronic devices. Applications include
consumer electronics, new energy sources, and transportation; for example, automobile
windshields could transmit visual information to the driver. Glass in almost any setting could
also double as an electronic device, possibly improving security systems or offering
transparent displays. In a similar vein, windows could be used to produce electrical power.
Other civilian and military applications in this research field include real-time wearable
displays. As for conventional Si/IIIV-based electronics, the basic device structure is based
on semiconductor junctions and transistors. However, the device building block materials, the
semiconductor, the electric contacts, and the dielectric/passivation layers, must now be
transparent in the visible a true challenge!
Therefore, the first scientific goal of this technology must be to discover, understand,
and implement transparent high-performance electronic materials. The second goal is their
implementation and evaluation in transistor and circuit structures. The third goal relates to
achieving application-specific properties since transistor performance and materials property
requirements vary, depending on the final product device specifications. Consequently, to
enable this revolutionary technology requires bringing together expertise from various pure
and

applied

sciences,

including

materials

science,

electrical/electronic/circuit engineering, and display science.

chemistry,

physics,