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Gasloop Guide
Gasloop Guide
Gasloop Guide
Gas Loop
Discuss the typical components of the gas loop using the prepared
schematic diagram.
Combustion Analysis
Sample computation
Ultimate Analysis
Carbon ( C )
64%
Hydrogen ( H )
4%
Nitrogen ( N )
1.4%
Sulfur ( S )
1.2%
Oxygen ( O )
6.8%
Ash, sediments
kg O2
kg c oal
0.068 = 1.974
kg O2
kg coal
Briefly
discuss
the
procedure
in
computing
the
product
of
kg O2
kg coal
Combustion Analysis
Corresponding
Required
Product of
Reaction
O2
Combustion
(include values in
(include values in
mass)
1.71
mass)
2.35
0.32
0.36
Inert Gas
0.08
C ~ C + O2 CO2
H ~ 2H2 + O2 2H2O
N ~ Inert Gas
S~
O~
S2 + 2O2 2SO2
0.012
0.024
---------------
-0.068
--------------------
TOTAL
1.974
2.814
0.768
)
0.232
0.768
)
0.232
kg of air
kg of fuel
kg of flue gas
kg of fuel
Air Preheater
Briefly discuss the type of pollutant that the plant would generate.
Cite the result of computation (flue gas concentration) and use it as basis
whether to provide control facility or employ appropriate management
measures to lessen it.
Stack
Briefly discuss the function of stack. Cite importance of a properly
designed stack (economics , allow dispersion of pollutants)
Introductory statement:
17.2 MPa
541 C
541 C
bituminous coal
Tb = 353.33C + 37.78C
Tb = 391.11C
Where:
Tb = saturation boiler temperature,
Mfg = mass flue gas,
Mf = mass of fuel,
dfg = density of flue gas,
Qfg = volume flow rate of flue gas.
Mfg = 15.85
kg of flue gas
kg of fuel
Mf = 136.47
kg of fuel
sec
Mf = 136.47 / 3
Mf = 45.49
dfg = 0.55
M fg
Qfg = P =
fg
kg of fuel
sec
kg
m3
15.85
kg of flue gas
kg of fuel
x 45.49
kg of fuel
sec
kg
0.55 3
m
Excess air, % by
weight
Pulverized Coal
Fluidized bed Combustion
Spreader stoker
Water-cooled vibrating grate stoker
Chain and traveling grate stoker
15 20
15 20
2535
2535
2535
Underfeed stoker
Fuel oil
Natural gas
Coke oven gas
Blast furnace gas
Wood/bark
Refuse-derived fuel (RDF)
Municipal solid waste (MSW)
2540
315
315
315
1530
2025
4060
80100
V5
Qg
Where:
D = available draft per 30 m. of chimney
= cm. of water
k = 2.7 for brick of chimney and 2.4 for steel stack
da = density of air kg/m3
dg = density of flue gas kg/m3
V = gas velocity in the chimney m/s
Qg = gas flow in m3/s
D1 = 0.004 V2 dg
Chimney Draft
x 30
D30
Hchimney =
kg
0.55
m3
kg
) 0.007578 (1.2
m3
6.15
1,573.12
D30 = 1.54 m
From PPE by (Morse, pp.496)
Hstack =
Hstack = 40.56 m
Qg
V
ID = 1.3
1,573.12
6.1
= 20.88 m
Velocity
Height of chimney
Inside diameter
Product
V
6.1 m/s
H
40.56 m
ID
20.88
H x ID
856.08 m2
11 m/s
46.25 m
15.55
15.24 m/s
55.88 m
13.21
719.19 m2
738.17 m2
Axial-Flow Fan
Briefly discuss the advantage and disadvantage of different type of
fan. Type of fan to be used should be justified.
Figure ----shows the variations of air and the flue gas densities
with flue gas temperature.
Figure ----- Variations of Air and Flue Gas Densities with Flue Gas
Temperatures
Sample computation :
M g=15.85
M f =136.47
kg fuel
sec
10
kg gas
kg fuel
Mf = 136.47 / 3
kg of fuel
sec
Mf = 45.49
V fg =11
m
s
Pb=17.2 Mpa
d g =0.55
kg
3
m
m' g
dg
Qg =
But
m
m
( f )
( g)
m' g=
where;
t fg =t b s at +100 F
t fg =t b sat +37.78 C
;
Pb=17.2 Mpa
t b sat =353.33 C
391.11 C
d g =0.55
kg
3
m
11
m
m
( f )
( g)
m' g=
( 15.85 ) (45.49)
kg gas
s
721.02
Qg =
721.02
0.55
Qg =1,310.93
m3
s
Qg =1310.93 ( 1.2 )
Qg =1573. 12
m3
s
m3 3.28 ft 3 60 s
x
x
s
1m
1 min
3,330,925.12CFM
HT
H T =hs +h v
Velocity head,
hv
2
h v=
V
2g
( 11)2
h v=
2(9.81)
h v =6.17 m
h v=
h v =0.74 cm water
12
Static head,
hs
Boiler = 2.73
Super heater = 2.73,
Economizer = 2.54,
Air heater = 3.81,
Dust collector = 6.48
Note:
and
use other data if available
13
2yz
where:
C= concentration of pollutants at coordinates x,y,z (mg/m3)
Q= emission rate of pollutants (mg/sec)
Q
exp[-1/2(H/z)2]
yz
{ equation 2}
Q
(y z)0
{ equation 3}
14
{equation 4}
15
C=
Q
(Q z Q y )
Where:
C = pollution concentration
Q = emission rate, mg/s
(Q z Q y )
(Q z Q y )
figure below
16
Source: http://www.lenntech.com/
C=
471.94
( 10 ) ( 6 ) (2)
C(000)=
471.94
( 10 ) ( 6 ) (2)
= 1.25
mg
m3
17
@ x = 0;
C (Q z Q y ) e
(x 00)= (000 )
(Q z Q y )
[
2
1.25 ( 6 ) (10) e
(x 00)=
( 6 ) (10)
= 1.24
= 1,240
1
]
2
H
Qz
( )
1
]
2
46.25
6
mg
m3
g
3
m
Qy
Qz
g
m3
200
22
14
229.25
225
24
15
199.24
230
26
16
169.54
250
300
28
40
17
20
149.55
81.96
18
The
maximum
ambient
concentration
of
Total
Suspended
Summarized the gas loop components and update and show the
resulting / revise diagram indicating the number and specifications.
19