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BS 3551 Alloy Steel Shackles
BS 3551 Alloy Steel Shackles
1624669 0143101 T
SPECIFiCATION FOR
ALLOY STEEL
SHACKLE S
mc
BSI B S * 3 5 5 1 6 2
l b 2 Y b b 9 0143102 1
SPECIFICATION FOR
BRITISH
STANDARDS INSTITUTION
Incorporated by Royal Charter
THIS BRITISHSTANDARD,
having been approved by the
Mechanical Engineering Industry Standards Committee and
endorsed by the Chairman of the Engineering Divisional
Council, was published under the authority of the General
Council on 22nd October, 1962.
The Institution desires to call attention to the fact that this
British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary
provisions of a contract.
A complete list of British Standards, numbering over 9,000,
fully indexed and with a note of the contents of each, will be
found in the BSI'Catalogue which may be purchased from
BSI Sales Department. The Catalogue may be consulted in
many public libraries and similar institutions.
This standard makes reference to the following British
Standards :
B.S. 84. Parallel screw threads of Whitworth form.
B.S. 240. Brinell hardness test, Part 1. Testing of metals.
B.S. 825. Mild steel shackles.
B.S. 860. Tables of approximate comparison of hardness
scales.
B.S. 919. Screw gauge limits and tolerances.
B.S. 970. Wrought steels. En series.
B.S. 1580. Unified screw threads (with metric equivalents).
B.S. 1706. Electroplated coatings of cadmium and zinc on
iron and steei.
B.S. 1936. Undercuts and runouts for screw threads.
B.S. 3032. Higher tensile steel shackles.
B.S. 3189. Phosphate treatment of iron and steel for protection against corrosion.
B.S. 3458. Alloy steel chain slings.
Briti.di Stmd~~sd.~
m e sevsed, when iiecessasy, by the issue either
of amertdriierit sl@~os of revised editioiu. It is important that
iisess of Bsitisk Stnridasds should ascestoiri that they ase in
possession of the latest aiiiendments os editioru.
2
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CONTENTS
Co-operating organizations
Foreword
4
5
SPEC1FICATION
1. scope
2. Types of shackle
6
6
3. Special shackles
4. Material, heat treatment, hardness
5. Size
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
7
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
12
TABLES
15
17
1. Dee shackles
2. Bow shackles
APPENDICES
20
20
25
25
3
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B S I BS*355L b 2
Lb24bb 0343305 7 9
4
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B S I BS*355L 62
L b 2 4 b b OL43LOb 7
'.
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'.
NOTE 2. In place of the customary, but incorrect, use of the pound and kilogramme as
units of force, the units called ton-force (abbreviation tonf) and kilogrammelforce (abbreviation kgf) have been used in this standard. These are the forces which, when acting on a body
of mass one pound or one kilogramme respectively, give it an acceleration equal to that of
standard gravity.
SPECIFICATION
SCOPE
2. The shackle comprises body and pin, or body and bolt with nut.
The body shall be one of the following types as specified by the purchaser:
Dee: Table 1, Fig. 1 ;
Bow: Table 2, Fig. 2.
6
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b. The diameter of the pin shall be not less than 3/8 inch, nor exceed
4% inches.
c. The safe working load of the shackle shall not exceed the least value
obtained from formulae (i), (2a) or (a),
given in Appendix B.
d. When the shackle body is less than 1 inch in size, the diameter (0)
of the pin, obtained from formula (i), shail be multiplied by the correction
factor obtained from Fig. 7.
e. In no case shall the pin diameter (D), be less than the body diameter (6).
7
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~ - _ _ _
B S I BS*355L b 2 a 1 b 2 4 b b 7 01113107 4
B.S. 3551 : 1962
'Steel A
Steel C
*Steel B
Element
Carbon
Silicon
Manganese
min.
mar.
min.
mar.
min.
max.
per cent
per cent
per cent
per cent
per cent
per cent
0.30
0.10
1.30
0.40
0.35
0.35
0.10
1.20
0.18
0.10
0.70
0.23
045
1.80
0.45
0.50
1.50
0.50
0.30
1.00
0.60
0.40
0.40
0.20
0.35
0.15
0.25
0.15
0.70
0.70
0.25
0.050
0.050
Nickel
Chromium
Molybdenum
Sulphur
0.050
Phosphorus
0.050
-I
1.00
0.050
0.050
* The steels Types A and B are respectively equivalent to those of En. 16 and En. 100 of
B.S. 970*.
e. Heat treattilent of bodies atidpins. The bodies and pins shall, before proof
loading, be heat treated as follows:
Steel A mid B. Harden by quenching in oil from 830/860"C, followed bj
tempering between 550Cand 660C.
Steel C. Harden by quenching in oil or water from 85O/S9O0C, followed by
tempering between 500'C and 600C.
d. Hardness of bodies and pins. The bodies and pins of the shackles after
heat treatment shall have a Brinell hardness number between 248 and 302.
Where practicable, the hardness testing shall be carried out in accordance
with B.S. 240 : Part it, using a 10 mm diameter ball, and a load of 3000 kg.
The surface on which the impression is to be made shall be obtained by
filing, grinding, or smooth machining.
Suitable precautions should be taken to ensure that the surface tested is
representative of the material, and that its hardness is not affected by decarburization, carburization, or by the method used for its preparation.
BSI B S m 3 5 5 1 6 2
162Libb 0143110 O
B.S. 3551 : 1962
5. The size of the shackle shall be the nominal diameter (d) of the material from
6. The form and dimensions of the body and pin shall be in accordance with
Figs. 1 to 6, and Tables 1 and 2 (except for ' Special shackles ', Clause 3).
TOLERANCES ON DLMENSIONS
7. The dimensions of the bodies (with the exception of the pin diameters aiid
pin holes), shall be not less than the nominal dimensions and shall not exceed
them by more than 5 per cent.
The diameters of the pins are subject to the following tolerances:
up to and including 2 inch diameter pin -0,003 in to -0.010 in;
over 2 inch diameter pin
-0.005 in to -0,020 in.
The diameters of the pin holes in the bodies of the shackles are subject to
the following tolerances :
f%z
+3/s4
+%e
in -0 in;
in -0 in;in -0 in.
WORKhfANSH IP
8. The pin shall be forged and machined, or machined from'the bar. The
screwed portion of the pin shal! be concentric with the plain portion.
When pins of Types 1 and 2 are screwed home, not more than one half thread
shall be visible between the jaws of the shackle.
The body shall be a solid forging without weld. Pin or bolt holes in the body
shall be drilled from the soiid, or hot-pierced to two thirds finished size, and
drilled or bored in axial alignment at one setting central to the outside diameter
of the eyes.
BOLTS AND NUTS
9. The length of the plain portion of the bolt shall be such that the nut will jam
on the inner end of the undercut (see Clause 1 i), and not on the outside face of
the shackle body. The bolt shall be cross-drilled for the split cotter pin, positioned
outside the nut.
PINISH
10. Auoy steel shackles shaii normally be supplied in the self-colour condition.
if a special corrosion resistant finish is required, phosphating to B.S. 3189*,or
zinc or cadmium electroplating according to B.S. 17061 may be applied.
SCREW THREADS
11. The screw threads shall conform to B.S. ISSO$,or alternatively to B.S. 844.
Screw threads to B.S. 1580 shall be of Class 1A and Class lB,and shall be
either UNC, UNF, UNS or UN.
Screw threads to B.S. 84 shall be of the Free Class and Normal Class, and
shall be either B.S.W., B.S.F., Whites, or Whit.
in the case of the bolt and nut pin, Type 3, the inner end of the thread shall
terminate in an undercut and fillet in accordance with the appropriate recommendations in B.S. 193611, to conform to the standard undercut, Form A,
Grade 1.
It is recommended that where applicable, the screw threads be gauged with
an appropriate gauge constructed in conformity with the specications in
B.S. 9197.
PROOF LOADING
12. &ch shackle, after manufacture and subsequent heat treatment, shall be
subjected to a proof load at the centre of the pin equal to twice the safe working
load (see Tables 1 and 2 and Clause 3), which it shall withstand without showing
permanent set.
After the removal of the proof load, each shackle shall be thoroughly
examined by a competent person, and complies only if found free from visible
flaw or defect.
MARIUNG
13. The body of each shackle and the head of each pin shall be legibly marked
wh the quality mark ' 06 '. The mark shall be enclosed in a circle.
Each shackle body shall be permanently and legibly marked with the safe
working load given in Tables 1 or 2 (see also Clause 3).
The body shall also be permanently and legibly marked with such marks and.
symbols as will allow identification with the certificate of test and examination.'
B.S. 3189, ' Phosphate treatment of iron and steel for protection against corrosion
t B.S. 1706, ' Electroplated coatings of cadmium and zinc on iron and steel '.
$ B.S. 1580, ' Unified screw threads (with metric equivalents) '.
g: B.S. 84, ' Parallel screw threads of Whitworth form '.
11 B.S.
'.
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'.
B S I BS*355L b2
1 b 2 4 b b 9 0143LL2 4
pT
Quality mark
I dent i f cation
mark and symbol
As amended
Aut.. 1962
-J
Quality mark
Safe worki
load S.W. L
Identif ication
mark and symbol
11
B S I B S * 3 5 5 1 b2
1624bb 0 1 4 3 1 1 3 b
Diameter of material in
shackle body
in
Size of
mark
in
36
3/i~
?4
CERTIFICATE
14. The manufacturer or supplier shall provide a certificate with each consignment of shackles, giving the following information for each one:
type of material and details of heat treatment;
distinguishing mark (to enable the particular shackle to be identified);
proof load applied (Clause 12);
safe working load (Tables 1 or 2, or Clause 3).
The certificate shall declare that each shackle was proof loaded in accordance
with Clause 12, and was subsequently examined by a competent person, and that
it complies with B.S. 3551. It shall also state the name and address of the testing
establishment, and the status of the signatory.
The certificate may be the appropriate Statutory Form, provided that the
required information is given.
12
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BSI BS*3551 6 2
1b24bb 0143114 B H
r:
T
S
4
Fig. 1
Dee shackle with screwed pio, Type 2, Fig. 4
(For alternative pins, see Figs. 3, 5 and 6)
14
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COPYRIGHT
is British
blank Standards
BSI BS*3553 6 2
3624669 OL433L5 T
B.S. 3551 : 1962
W=safe
working
load
d=
D=
04OdW
0 * 4 WW
0.78 d W
1.48i/ w
0iJOdW
spanner
CWt
in
in
in
in
in
in
1
2
3
2
5
O
%
%
%
94
%
%
1%
1%
1%
2%
2%
2%
1%
1%
1%
%
%
4
5
7
10
12
10
%
1
1%
1
1%
1%
1%
3%
3%
4%
2
2%
%
%
%
9
10
14
O
10
5
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
2%
2%
2%
4%
5
5%
2%
3
3%
1%
16
19
21
15
10
5
1%
1%
1%
1%
2
2%
3
3%
3%
5%
6%
7
3%
4
4%
1%
1%
1%
24
27
30
2
2%
2%
2%
2%
2%
3%
4%
7%
O
O
4%
8%
4%
4%
5
1%
1%
1%
35
40
50
O
O
O
2%
2%
2%
2%
3
3%
4%
5
5%
8%
9%
10%
5%
6
6%
2
2
2%
65
O
O
3%
3%
3%
4%
6%
7
12
13%
7%
2%
3
=2
ton
80
NOTE.Proof load
w =
s=
7%
e
e =
2%
2%
8%
To mit
Uded
94
15
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BSI BS*355L b 2
L b 2 4 b b OL43ILb I M
B.S.3551 : 1962
Fig. 2
Bow shackle with screwed pin, Type 2, Fig. 4
(For alternative pins, see Figs. 3, 5 and 6)
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W = safe
working
load
d=
ton cwt
1.43 4
-2r
0.7Sz/ W
1.144W
1.914W D91dw
in
in
%
%
%
%
1%
1%
1%
1%
2
2%
3%
1%
1%
1%
%
%
%i
2%
2%
2%
3%
4%
2%
4%
2%
%
%
%
3%
3%
3%
5%
6
6%
2%
3
4%
4%
5%
7%
8%
8%
3%
4
4%
1%
4%
4%
5%
1%
2
2
2%
%
1
1%
1
1%
1%
1%
15
15
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
2%
2%
5
5
1%
1%
1%
3%
3%
1%
2
2%
2%
3%
17
19
10
1%
2%
22
10
2%
374
5%
5%
2%
2%
2%
2%
3%
25
30
4%
6%
9%
9%
1032
35
o
O
2%
2%
2%
40
50
3%
7
7%
8
11%
12%
13%
5%
6
4%
5
5%
65
O
O
3%
3%
394
6%
7
9%
10%
15%
17%
7%
8%
80
--
in
10
14
To suit
Unified
spanner
in
4
5
7
12
e=
in
%
%
%
10
in
2
17
0
8
10
s=
in
1
1
3
2r =
IV =
4%
=2
6%
----
1
1
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
2%
17
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B S I BSX355L b2
m 1624669 014311 5 m
1-20D
c
Fig. 3
Type 1. Screwed pin with eye and coilar
To suit Unified
spanner
(see Tables I and 2)
Fig. 4
BSI BS*355L b 2
Lb24667 O L 4 3 L L 7 7
B.S. 3551 : 1962
Hole for split
0.5OD
Form A , Grade I
spanner
(see Tables I and 2 )
Fig. 5
Type 3. Bolt with circular head, hexagon nut and spiit cotter pin
Fig. 6
BSI B S * 3 5 5 1 6 2
L b 2 4 b b 0143120 3
NOTES ON DESIGN
Special shackles whose dimensions differ from those listed in Tables I and 2,
may be designed from the following formulae, where Wis the safe working load
in tons, and the dimensions are in inches.
The pin and the body are treated separately, and the lower of the two values
derived from formula ( 2 4 or (2b) is taken as the safe working load for substitution in formula (1) when estimating the diameter ( D ) of the pin.
It is to be noted that these formulae are applicable to shackles having proportions within the stated limits of the formulae, and of sizes within the range
specified in Clause 2.
Unless otherwise stated, symbols in the formulae are those used on the
figures.
FORMULA FOR THE PINS OF SHACKLES
0,393f D3
W + d
W=
where :
) (
21.
2r
+ 0.5d
20
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BSI B S * 3 5 5 1 62
1624667 0143121
B.S. 3551 : 1962
f d2 ww = 0.310
w
+05d
II
lies between d
0.400 f d3
IV
0.4d
where :
21
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E S 1 BS*3553 6 2 U L b 2 4 b b 0 3 4 3 3 2 2 7 M
1.50
1.45
1-40
O
c,
.!?! 1.35
0.
p.
r[l
aJ
1.30
O
ci
8
2
c,
1.25
<c
O
.-
3
II
L
O
u
1.20
1.1 5
1-10
1.05
1.00
1.5
2.0
2.5
3-0
3-5
4.0
2 r/d
Fig. 7. Correction factor for pin diameters of shackles less than 1 inch nominal s h
22
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B S I BS*3551 6 2
= 1b24bb
O143123 7
B.S. 3551 : 1962
Type of shackle
Particulars of dimensions
I
I
,Dee
lable 1
Bow
Table 2
Diameter of pin
D
Diameter of material in body d
Inside width of jaw
li
0.45
0.40
0.78.
0.46
0.43
0.78
0.78
1.48
0.90
1.14
1.91
0.91
2r.
Y
Diameter of pin
Inside width of jaw
Inside width of body
D
1v
2r
Inside length
*Measurement across eye
1.13
1.93
1.93
1.08
1.83
2.67
3.68
2.26
4-50
2.16
--
23
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ton
ton
6.18 d2
4.85 Da
5.53 da
4-78 Da
Type of pin
5-3 d3
6-0 d3
5-4 d3
5.1 d3
5.8 d3
5.2 d3
I
24
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BSI B S * 3 5 5 1 6 2
1 b 2 4 h b 0143125 2 W
B.S. 3551 : 1962
APPENDIX C
APPENDIX D
METRIC EQUIVALENTS
l/s in = 3.2 mm
% in = 12.7 im
Y6 in = 1.6 mm
1/4 in = 6.3 mm
1 in = 25.4 mm
1 ton = 1016 kg = 1.016 tonne
1 tonf/in' = 1-6 kgf/mm2
25
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B S I BS*3553 6 2
L b 2 4 b b 0343326 4 W
BRLTISH STANDARDS
The following are available on application:
26
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B S I BSX355L 62
3 b 2 4 h b 0343327 b M