Unit IGC2: Suggested Answers to Revision Questions

Element 1: Workplace Hazards and Risk Control

Question 1
Suitable and sufficient WCs, washing facilities, changing rooms, accommodation for clothing, rest and eating facilities, and
access to drinking water.

Question 2
Provide good workplace ventilation moving air has a cooling effect.
Insulate heat sources by lagging hot pipes.
Shield heat sources to control radiant heat and prevent contact burns.
Provide cool refuges where workers can escape the heat.
Provide easy access to drinking water.
Provide frequent breaks and job rotation.
Provide appropriate clothing.

Question 3
Hospital A and E staff
Police
Social workers
Bus and taxi drivers
Firefighters and paramedics
Traffic wardens
Railway staff
Estate agents.

Question 4
Strategy will depend on the nature of the work and, in particular, whether employees are located in a fixed building or out
in the community:
General strategy: clear policy, zero tolerance, training for all staff at risk (handling aggression and violence, diffusing
situations, break away/self-defence).
Fixed workplace: security guards, security doors, CCTV, screens, panic buttons.
In the community: customer-vetting, visit-logging, safe system of work, remote supervision, communications.

Question 5
Lateness, absenteeism, poor quality of work, reduced work rate, theft, dishonesty, irritability and mood swings, poor
working relationships.

Question 6
Three from: falls from height; struck by moving, flying or falling objects; struck by vehicle; striking against stationary
object.

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Unit IGC2: Suggested Answers to Revision Questions

Question 7
Wet or greasy floors; uneven or loose surfaces; and obstacles on the surface.

Question 8
Four from:
Normal patterns of movement.
Predictable abnormal movements, such as emergency evacuations.
Accident history.
Possible adverse weather conditions, e.g. ice.
Maintenance requirements.

Question 9
Designated walkways are areas which are specially protected from hazards by segregating people from vehicles, and within
which pedestrians should be reasonably safe from harm.

Question 10
Eight from: adequate lighting; use of appropriate footwear with good grip; level floor surfaces; non-slip floor surfaces;
good drainage; spill control; use of designated walkways; provision of handrails to steps and stairs; maintenance and repair
of defects; use of hi vis clothing.

Question 11
In mixed stores, different goods and materials should be separated in different areas to allow for easy location and access.
Incompatible hazardous materials should not be stored together, nor should flammable materials be mixed with other
materials and flammable liquids, solids and gases should be kept separately.

Question 12
Flammables should be segregated.
Store should be away from buildings, drains or excavations.
Stores containing large quantities of flammables should have at least two exits as means of escape.
Doors and gates should be locked when they are not in use.
Stores should be suitably marked.
Any electrical equipment installed should be of the correct rating.
Fire-fighting equipment should be provided.
Stores should be inspected regularly for correct use and housekeeping.

Question 13
The use of roof ladders (or crawling boards) laid across the roof surface, supported by the underlying load-bearing roof
members, in order to distribute the load of the worker over a wide area.

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Unit IGC2: Suggested Answers to Revision Questions

Question 14
Falling from the ladder.
Tipping or toppling sideways.
The ladder slipping away from the wall it is propped against.
Falling objects.

Question 15
To prevent materials from falling in the first place, the following control measures should be used:
Not stacking materials near edges and particularly unprotected edges.
Close boarding of working platforms minimising gaps between scaffold boards or placing sheeting over the boards so
that material cannot fall through.
Avoiding carrying materials up or down ladders, etc. by using hoists and chutes to move materials.

Question 16
(i) Standards are the vertical tubes (the uprights), ledgers are the horizontal tubes running parallel to the face of the
building, and transoms are the tubes spanning across ledgers perpendicular (at right angles) to the face of the
building.
(ii) Tying secures the scaffolding to the building, whereas bracing is used to stiffen the framework by joining the
framework diagonally.

Question 17
Precautions for the use of MEWPs include:
Firm, level ground for the vehicle to stand on.
Sufficient clearance from any building or obstacle.
Barriers in place to provide an exclusion zone, which also prevents collisions with the equipment.
Adequate edge protection for the cradle.
Controls of the arm should be inside the cradle.
Vehicle not moved with the cradle raised unless it is designed for that purpose.
No overloading.

Question 18
75 to the horizontal (1 out: 4 up ratio).

Question 19
Before being used for the first time, after any substantial alteration or any event likely to affect its strength or stability, and
at regular intervals (usually weekly).

Question 20
The main hazards are that objects, materials, vehicles and people may fall in to the excavation and that the ground will
collapse in to it. Other hazards include striking buried services, flooding and hazardous substances.

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Unit IGC2: Suggested Answers to Revision Questions

Question 21
Battering is the process of allowing the sides of an excavation to lie naturally at an angle to the floor of the excavation
which is shallow enough that the sides do not slip or collapse inwards.

Question 22
The crossing points should be of sound construction and suitable to support all the types of vehicles and equipment likely
to use them. They should be fitted with guard-rails and toe-boards.

Question 23
By identifying, as far as possible, the location and nature of all buried services before work starts, planning work to avoid
them, marking their location on working plans and on the surface, and through safe digging practices.

Question 24
Before each work shift in the excavation. Additional inspections will be required after any event likely to have affected the
strength or stability of the excavation, or after any fall or collapse of material in to it.

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