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Case Cheat Sheet
Case Cheat Sheet
Nominative:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Indirect object: it names the person or thing to which something is done or given
Instrumental: can show the instrument or means by which something is accomplished
Locative: indicates the place or sphere in which something happens.
Time: the word in the dative indicates a particular point of time within a succession of
events.
Possession: possession is occasionally shown by the dative along with a to be verb.
Direct Object: some verbs that emphasize a close personal relationship take a direct
object in the dative case.
Reference: this use of the dative shows an interest that is more remote than the indirect
object.
Advantage or Disadvantage: in these uses of the dative the idea of personal interest is
emphasized.
9. Manner: the dative case may show the manner in which the action of the verb is carried
out.
10. Association: many times the dative will appear alone in a construction that could have
sun plus the dative.
11. Agency: similar to upo plus the Genitive.
Accusative:
1. Direct Object: receives the action of a transitive verb.
2. Double: certain verbs can take two accusatives.
3. Time: shows the extent of time.
4. Adverbial: answers the question to what does the verb relate? a special use of the
adverbial accusative is to express the subject of an infinitive.