Embedded System:

Pedometer

S.Y. Bsc IT
Name: Kush Singh Chibber

Roll no:
14104

Topics
Circuit Diagram
Circuit Description
Component Description
How does the System work?
What is it used for?
R&D in the recent years

Circuit Diagram of a Simple

Pedometer

Circuit Description/Components
Used
Microcontrollers
1. 4518 Dual Decade (0-9) counter
2. 7447 Decoder
.Resistors
.1 Operational Amplifier
.1 Reset Button and 1 Normal Button
.1 Battery
.7 Segment Led

4518 Dual Decade (0-9) counter

4518 dual decade (0-9) counter
4520 dual 4-bit (0-15) counter
These contain two separatesynchronous counters,oneon
eachsideoftheIC.
Normallyaclocksignalisconnectedtotheclock input,withtheenable inputheldhigh.
Countingadvancesastheclock
signalbecomeshigh(ontherising-edge).
Fornormaloperationthereset inputshouldbelow,makingit
highresetsthecountertozero(0000,QA-QDlow).
Counting to less than the maximum (9or15)canbe
achievedbyconnectingtheappropriateoutput(s)tothe
resetinput,usinganANDgateifnecessary.Forexample
tocount0to8connectQA(1)andQD(8)toresetusinganANDgate.

7447/74xx47 Microcontroller &

7 Segment LED
Aseven-segment display(SSD), orseven
-segment indicator, is a form of electronic
display device for displaying decimal
numeralsthat is an alternative to the
more complexdot matrixdisplays.
The 7447/74xx47 chip is used to drive
7 segment display. You must use the
7447/74xx47 with acommon anode 7-segment display.
The display is only sensible if the binary number is between
DCBA=0000 (0) and DCBA=1001 (9); this is called Binary Coded
Decimal or BCD for short. If the number is larger than 9 you get a
strange output on the display.

How does the System work?

There are two types of pedometers, spring-levered and
piezoelectric. Spring-levered pedometers use a springsuspended horizontal lever arm that moves up and down in
response to the movement (vertical accelerations) of your
hips as you walk or run. The movement opens and closes an
electrical circuit, and as the lever arm makes contact, a step
is registered. Spring-levered pedometers must be placed in
a vertical plane, perpendicular to the ground, in order for
them to work. They don't work if they tip forward to a
horizontal plane.
Piezoelectric is a material that generates an electric charge
when it is mechanically deformed. Piezoelectric pedometers
use a horizontal cantilevered beam with a weight on the end
that compresses a piezoelectric crystal when subjected to
movement likewalking (acceleration). This generates a
voltage proportional to the acceleration and the voltage
oscillations are used to record steps. Got that?

Used In/for?
Pedometers work when you dance, climb stairs, or walk
outdoors or on a treadmill, but they don't work if you're
skiing, rowing, orswimming.
There are also Pedometers that can measure distance
traveled on Bicycle.
They can calculate relative loss of calories if specific
details are provided i.e. Weight ,Height , etc.
Can also be coupled with a digi-magnetic compass to
provide a very basic Course tracking system.

R&D in recent years

With current technology pedometers can be
integrated into any wearable device.
They can be fitted stand-alone or externally to
other systems.

The End.