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Chapter 10 - Management From Islamic
Chapter 10 - Management From Islamic
FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
(ISLAMIC POINT OF VIEW)
The Islamic way of doing or managing things can be seen to practice the
elements or functions of management, that is:
Planning / objectives / goals
Organizing
Leading (motivation)
Controlling (execution)
Our prophet Mohammmed s.a.w in many incidents that he had gone through
practiced planning. One of the prominent ones is seen in his carefully planned
actions and moves to preach the faith of Islamic to the world.
He had two choices whether to do it publicly or to do it cautiously. He choose
to do it secretly at first since the people of Mecca at that time especially the
Quraisysh tribe did not hold the same values the Islamic faith was bringing
that human equality, justice, and sympathy for the weak.
Therefore our prophet Mohammed s.a.w chose to preach Islamic secretly and
quietly at first to his closest and trusted friends and families.
So, human beings according to Islam are created by ALLAH s.w.t to be the
khalifah on the earth. This means our life and activities must be focused to
fulfill to purpose. They are:
A long-term objective/ goal
A short-term objective/ goal
A long-term objective
Is to be worthy servants of ALLAH s.w.t, avoiding sins and preparing
us to be rewarded in paradise by performing good deeds and obeying
the teaching demanded by the Al-Quran and As-Sunnah.
A short-term objective
It is related to productivity, whether it is in services or products,
academic achievement, financial profit or improvement in performance.
Muslim is thought to balance both these objectives. One cannot be too
obsessed to achieve the long-term goal and forget about the shortterm goal and the opposite holds true too.
ORGANIZING
It is the structure of projects as well
undertaken by human efforts.
Means in Islam, organizing comprises
structure (organization chart), utilization
power and the practice of delegation
centralization.
LEADING/ MOTIVATION
Leadership refers to the process of moving people in a planned direction by
motivating them.
Good leadership moves people in a direction that is in a direction that is in
their long-term best interest.
Islam says that a leader should serve and help others get ahead.
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF AN ISLAMIC LEADER:
1. He has allegiance to Allah (faithful)
2. He has global perceived goals of organization not only in term of individual or
group interest but also from a wider Islamic perspective.
3. He adheres to the Syariah and the Islamic manner of doing things
4. He delegates trust.
THE PRINCIPLES TO BE EFFECTIVE ISLAMIC LEADER:
2. FREEDOM
Muslim leaders are encouraged to provide for and even invite constructive
criticism. Two-way communication is practice here. Members may freely
voice their view or objections and have their questions answered. An
example was during the leadership of Khulafa-al Rashidin ,Sayyidin Umar
Ibn al-Khattab(ra) , while addressing members of the mosque, was
intercepted by a woman correcting him. He readily acknowledged his
error and thanked Allah s.w.t.
3. MASRUIYAH
This is the concept legality whereby the management has to ensure that
any action taken must be within the legal boundary of the common/manmade laws and the Syariah laws.
4. QUALIFICATION
This principle looks at the importance of selecting the right management
personnel. It should be based on two main elements uwwah (strength) and
amanah (trustworthy). The selection of new personnel should not be based
on self-interest or favoritism. It should be based on the person ability,
expertise, experience and other suitable criteria that fit the job.
5. REWARD
Managers must be fair in any action and reward people accordingly.
Employees who performed their tasks or responsibilities well should be
given reward. However, the Islamic Management views reward as the
compensation /benefits earned not only today but till one dies. This is
known as Pembalasan Dunia dan Akhirat.
6. JUSTICE
Leader should deal with people justly and fairly regardless of race, color,
national origin or religion.
Al-Quran commands Muslims to be fair even when dealing with people
who oppose.
CONTROLLING (EXECUTION)
Controlling from the Islamic perspective is defined as the application of the
procedures prescribed and organized according to plan as well as the
performance of the roles defined and specified under the organization. In
simple terms this means carrying out the plans and assuring that the results
will conform to the actual plans.