07

HOW BUILDINGS WORK?

Innovation & Realisation- AO4002

Ehab Kamel
EKamelAhmed@uclan.ac.uk

What do architects design?

Structures or Spaces?

TECTONICS
(Physics of space)
STRUCTURE
- Tectonic/divided;
- Non-tectonic
- Monolithic/Layered

TECTONICS
(Physics of space)
STRUCTURE
- Tectonic/divided;
- Non-tectonic
- Monolithic/Layered
- Hierarchical/Chaotic

TECTONICS
(Physics of space)
STRUCTURE
- Tectonic/divided;
- Non-tectonic
- Monolithic/Layered
- Hierarchical/Chaotic
- Directional/Non-directional

FIGURATION
- Geometrical
. Concrete
. Abstract

TECTONICS
(Physics of space)
STRUCTURE
- Tectonic/divided;
- Non-tectonic

FIGURATION
- Geometrical
. Concrete
. Abstract

- Monolithic/Layered
- Hierarchical/Chaotic - Mathematical
- Directional/Non-directional

TECTONICS
(Physics of space)
STRUCTURE
- Tectonic/divided;
- Non-tectonic

FIGURATION
- Geometrical
. Concrete
. Abstract

- Monolithic/Layered
- Hierarchical/Chaotic - Mathematical
- Directional/Non-dir- - Organic
ectional

TECTONICS
(Physics of space)
STRUCTURE
- Tectonic/divided;
- Non-tectonic

FIGURATION

DIMENSIONS

- Geometrical
. Concrete
. Abstract

- Scale
. Broadness
. Narrowness
. Tallness
. Depth

- Monolithic/Layered
- Hierarchical/Chaotic - Mathematical
- Directional/Non-dir- - Organic
ectional

TECTONICS
(Physics of space)
STRUCTURE
- Tectonic/divided;
- Non-tectonic

FIGURATION

DIMENSIONS

MATERIALS

- Geometrical
. Concrete
. Abstract

- Scale
. Broadness
. Narrowness
. Tallness
. Depth

- Massiveness
- Lightness
- Heaviness
- Hardness
- Softness
- Compactness
- Transparency

- Monolithic/Layered
- Hierarchical/Chaotic - Mathematical
- Directional/Non-dir- - Organic
ectional

BOUNDARIES
- Surface
. Flat
. Sculptured/plastic
- Opaque/Transparent

SPACE
(Physiology of Perception)
VISION
- Light quality
- Colour

TEXTURE

ODOROUS

SOUND

- Rough
- Smooth
- Fibrous

- Pleasant
- neutral

- Silence
- Calmness
- Noise
- Echo
- Harsh
- Soft

ENVIRONMENT
- Hot
- Cold
- Dry
- Humid

SENSE OF TIME
- Movement

SPACE

TECTONICS

(Physiology of Perception)

(Physics of space)

TEXTURE

- Light quality
- Colour

- Tectonic/divided;
- Non-tectonic

- Rough
- Smooth
- Fibrous

ODOROUS

- Pleasant
- neutral

SOUND

- Silence
- Calmness
- Noise
- Echo
- Harsh
- Soft

ENVIRONMENT - Hot

- Cold
- Dry
- Humid

SENSE OF TIME

STRUCTURE

- Movement

FIGURATION
- Geometrical
. Concrete
. Abstract
- Mathematical
- Organic

MATERIALS
- Massiveness
- Lightness
- Heaviness
- Hardness
- Softness
- Compactness
- Transparency

- Monolithic/Layered
- Hierarchical/Chaotic
- Directional/Non-directional

DIMENSIONS
- Scale
. Broadness
. Narrowness
. Tallness
. Depth

BOUNDARIES
- Surface
. Flat
. Sculptured/plastic
- Opaque/Transparent

DESIGN PROPOSAL

VISION

How do buildings work?

Providing immediate necessities for

HUMAN METABOLISM
A. Clean

air for breathing

Providing immediate necessities for

HUMAN METABOLISM
A. Clean

air for breathing

Providing immediate necessities for

HUMAN METABOLISM
A. Clean

air for breathing

B. Clean water for drinking, food
preparation, cleaning, and flushing of waste

Providing immediate necessities for

HUMAN METABOLISM
A. Clean

air for breathing

B. Clean water for drinking, food
preparation, cleaning, and flushing of waste
C. Removal/Recycling of wastes, including
wash water, food wastes, rubbish, and excrement
D. Facilities

for preparation and

consumption of food

Creating necessary conditions for

HUMAN THERMAL COMFORT
A. Control of the air

temperature
B. Control of the thermal characteristics of surfaces contacted
directly by human bodies
C. Control of the airs humidity

Creating necessary conditions for

HUMAN THERMAL COMFORT

Creating necessary conditions for

SENSORY COMFORT, EFFICIENCY, & PRIVACY
A. Optimal seeing
B. Visual

conditions

privacy

C. Optimal hearing
D. Acoustical

conditions

privacy

Control
ENTRY & EXIT OF LIVING CREATURES
A. Human

beings

B. Viruses

& microbes

C. Insects,

reptiles & animals

Control of
ENERGY DISTRIBUTION

Control of
ENERGY DISTRIBUTION

Control of
ENERGY DISTRIBUTION

Providing
CHANNELS OF CONNECTION & COMMUNICATION
A. Windows/doors

(openings)

B. Telephones

C. Internet
D. Mailboxes
E. Video

/ security systems

F. Control

systems

Facilitating
PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITY
A. Appropriate

surfaces

B. Appropriate

boundaries (floors, walls, ceilings, etc.)

C. Appropriate

circulation/connection (corridors, stairs,

doors, etc.)
D. Appropriate

working conditions (light, temperature, etc.)

E. Appropriate

furniture (seats, benches, countertops, etc.)

F. Appropriate

storage (stores, shelves, etc.)

Providing
STABLE SUPPORT FOR WEIGHTS

DEAD LOADS and LIVE LOADS

Those built into
structure:
- Floors;
- Roofs;
- Walls;
- Fixed mechanical
equipment

Variable,
unpredictable, and
mobile:
- People;
- Furniture;
- Snow;
- Rain;
- Ice; etc.

Providing
STABLE SUPPORT FOR WEIGHTS

LATERAL LOADS
Caused by wind and seismic
movement (earthquake)

Providing
STABLE SUPPORT FOR WEIGHTS

DYNAMIC LOADS
Loads that change rapidly,

that are applied suddenly, or

that are the result of an
amplified movement.

Providing
STABLE SUPPORT FOR WEIGHTS

IMPACT LOADS
Loads that result from a sudden collision or an explosion

PROTECTING ITSELF FROM WETTING

A. Structure
B. Surfaces
C. Systems
D. Any

other architectural technical devices

Providing
PROTECTION AGAINST DAMAGE BY FIRE

Thank you

QUESTIONS?!