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Detector Fermi
Detector Fermi
S. Ritz
NASA GSFC and U. Maryland
Why?
How?
What?
Modified by J. Bazo
What
supposedly
first turned
David Banner
into the
Hulk?
Gamma Rays!
Because
gamma rays
are powerful
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U. S. Postal Service
Fermi
FERMI
The Observatory
Large AreaTelescope (LAT)
20 MeV - >300 GeV
Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM)
NaI and BGO Detectors
8 keV - 30 MeV
KEY FEATURES
Huge field of view
LAT: 20% of the sky at any
instant; in sky survey mode,
expose all parts of sky for
~30 minutes every 3 hours.
GBM: whole unocculted sky
at any time.
Huge energy range, including
largely unexplored band 10 GeV 100 GeV. Total of >7 energy
decades!
Successors to EGRET and BATSE
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ACD
[surrounds
4x4 array of
TKR towers]
e+
Tracker
e
Calorimeter
Atwood et al, ApJ submitted
Systems work together to identify and measure the flux of cosmic gamma
rays with energy 20 MeV - >300 GeV.
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FERMI
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Pair-Conversion Telescope
Anticoincidence
Detector (background rejection)
Conversion Foil
Particle Tracking
Detectors
e+
Calorimeter
(energy measurement)
The green crosses show the detected positions of the charged particles, the blue lines show the reconstructed track trajectories, and the yellow line shows
the candidate gamma-ray estimated direction. The red crosses show the detected energy depositions in the calorimeter.
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Fermi Science
A very broad menu that includes:
Systems with supermassive black holes (Active Galactic Nuclei)
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs)
Pulsars
Supernova remnants (SNRs), PWNe, Origin of Cosmic Rays
Diffuse emissions
Solar physics
Probing the era of galaxy formation, optical-UV background light
Solving the mystery of the high-energy unidentified sources
Discovery! New source classes. Particle Dark Matter? Other relics
from the Big Bang? Other fundamental physics checks.
Huge increment in capabilities.
Draws the interest of both the High Energy Particle Physics and
High Energy Astrophysics communities.
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The Accelerator
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Launch!
Launch from Cape Canaveral
Air Station 11 June 2008 at
12:05PM EDT
Circular orbit, 565 km altitude
(96 min period), 25.6 deg
inclination.
Communications:
Science data link via
TDRSS Ku-band, average
data rate 1.2 Mbps.
S-band via TDRSS and
ground stations
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A moment later
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and then
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on its way!
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MISSION ELEMENTS
GPS
msec
DELTA
7920H
Telemetry 1 kbps
Fermi Spacecraft
TDRSS SN
S & Ku
GN
Schedules
Mission Operations
Center (MOC)
GRB
Coordination
Network (GCN)
LAT Instrument
Science
Operations Center
Science
Support Center
Schedules
Alerts
White Sands
HEASARC
GBM Instrument
Operations Center
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Operating modes
Effective Area
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The Fermi Large Area Telescope sees the whole gamma-ray sky every three
hours. This is an important feature, because the high-energy sky is
constantly changing. This image represents just four days of observations.
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The actual rotation of the star takes less than 1/10 second.
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N ( E) N0 E e
0.05
0.04
b=2 (super-exponential)
rejected at 16.5s
No evidence for magnetic
pair attenuation:
Near-surface emission
ruled out
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Pulses at
tenth true
rate
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Pulsars
Geminga: P=237 ms
Vela: P=89.3 ms
Crab: P =33 ms
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Flaring sources
Automated search for
flaring sources on 6 hour, 1
day and 1 week timescales.
Astronomers telegrams
Discovery of new gammaray blazars PKS 1502+106,
PKS 1454-354
Flares from known gammaray blazars: 3C454.3, PKS
1510-089,3C273, AO
0235+164, PSK 0208-512,
3C66A, PKS 0537-441,
3C279
Galactic plane transients:
J0910-5041, 3EG J09033531
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Clear signature of
spectral evolution
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