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1.2.2.a AnalogDigitalSignal
1.2.2.a AnalogDigitalSignal
Rie
Period 3
Activity1.2.2AnalogandDigitalSignals
Introduction
Eventhoughthisisacourseindigitalelectronics,itisimportanttounderstandthattheworld
aroundusisanalog.Virtuallyeverythingthatcanbedesignedwithdigitalelectronicsisusedto
eithercontrolormonitorsomethingintheworldaroundus,andthisworldisanalog.Thus,tobe
aneffectivedesignerofdigitalelectronics,itisimportantforyoutounderstandthe
characteristicsofbothanaloganddigitalsignals.
Inthisactivityyouwillexamineseveralanaloganddigitalsignalstodeterminetheiramplitude,
period,andfrequency.Additionally,youwillgainexperienceusingtheoscilloscopewithinthe
CircuitDesignSoftware(CDS).
Equipment
CircuitDesignSoftware(CDS)
Calculator
Procedure
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DigitalElectronicsActivity1.2.2AnalogandDigitalSignalsPage1
1. Foreachofthetwoanalogsignalsshownbelow,determinetheiramplitude(peak),
amplitude(peakpeak),period(T),andfrequency(f).Besuretoputyouranswerinproper
engineeringnotationandusethecorrectunits.
Amp(peak):
Amp(peakpeak):
Period:
Frequency:
Amp(peak):
Amp(peakpeak):
Period:
Frequency:
Note:Whyisnttheabovesignalconsideredadigitalsignal?
2014ProjectLeadTheWay,Inc.
DigitalElectronicsActivity1.2.2AnalogandDigitalSignalsPage2
2. Foreachofthetwodigitalsignalsshownbelow,determinetheamplitude,period(T),
frequency(f),timehigh(tH),timelow(tL),anddutycycle(DC).Besuretoputyouranswer
inproperengineeringnotationandusethecorrectunits.
Amplitude:
Period:
Frequency:
TimeHigh:
TimeLow:
DutyCycle:
Amplitude:
Period:
Frequency:
TimeHigh:
TimeLow:
DutyCycle:
2014ProjectLeadTheWay,Inc.
DigitalElectronicsActivity1.2.2AnalogandDigitalSignalsPage3
3. UsingtheCircuitDesignSoftware(CDS),enterthetestcircuitshownbelow.Thiscircuit
consistsofaCLOCK_VOLTAGE,aDC_POWER(battery)andtwo5vLAMPS.This
circuitdoesntreallydomuchofanythingusefulotherthanmakethetwolampsflash,but
wewillbeusingittogainexperienceusingtheoscilloscopetomeasuresignals.
a) OpentheCLOCK_VOLTAGEcomponentbydoubleclickingonitandsetthe
frequency,dutycycle,andvoltageto20Hz,10%,and5volts.
b) Likewise,opentheDC_POWERandsetthevoltageto5volts.
c) Finally,connecttheOSCILLOSCOPEtothepositivesideoftheCLOCK_VOLTAGE
component.
d) Startthesimulation.Arethelampsflashing?Doestheflashingratemakesensefor
thefrequencyanddutycycleoftheCLOCK_VOLTAGE?Ifnot,reviewyoursetupand
makeanynecessarycorrections.
e) Nowthatthecircuitisworking,usetheoscilloscopetomeasurethesignalbeing
generatedbytheCLOCK_VOLTAGE.Usethemarkerstomeasuretheperiod,time
high,andtimelow.Usethisdatatocalculatethefrequencyanddutycycleofthe
signal.
f) Dothemeasured(andcalculated)valuesmatchthosesetupinthe
CLOCK_VOLTAGEdevice?Ifnot,reviewyourmeasurementsandmakeany
necessarycorrections.
2014ProjectLeadTheWay,Inc.
DigitalElectronicsActivity1.2.2AnalogandDigitalSignalsPage4
Conclusion
Listthecharacteristicthatmakesadigitalsignaldifferentfromananalogsignal.
Digital
signals are discrete, have finite values (2), and are less exact
but
easier to work with. Analog signals are continuous, have infinite
values,
and are more exact but harder to work with.
Inthediagramshownbelow,labelthepartsoftheanalogsignal.
B: Amplitude (peak)
C: Period
Inthediagramshownbelow,labelthepartsofthedigitalsignal.
A: Amplitude
B: High Time
C: Period
D: Low Time
E: Rising Edge
F: Falling Edge
Whatarethetwostandardvoltagelevelsthatareacceptableforadigitalsignal?
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